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MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Arrival
Make small rudder corrections against a fixed point at the far end of the runway to stop the drift as soon as it starts in the flare.
What happened: On the landing you drifted 42 ft off the centreline, and that kind of lateral drift usually carries through to a touchdown point 42 ft off centreline and into a rollout that is still skewed off the runway centreline.
Watch for: Heading indicator: track straight down the extended runway centreline through touchdown and rollout.
Start to finish · 19 stages, 17 in the score
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Taxi out
The roll
Rotated late
The nose came up at 99 kt, 8 kt after the 91 kt rotate speed.
The pull started after the rotate speed had gone by. Bring the airspeed into the scan as it approaches the rotate speed, so the pull starts on the number rather than when you notice it has passed.
Liftoff and climb
Plan view the roll down the 8,942 ft runway.
Rolled from 378 ft in, drifted 7 ft right of the centreline and was back on it to lift off, in 8 kn of crosswind from the left. Airborne 25 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 1,343 ft.
Reached 35 ft with 5,973 ft of runway left; gear up at 274 ft, inside the 400 ft that gets full marks; then climbing at 2,050 fpm on average to 1,343 ft.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The dark stretch of the roll is the run with the nose up and the wheels still on, with its length and time under the runway. The gear-up ring is coloured by its mark. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.
Speed and pitch from brake release to the end of the climb, against time.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The dashed green line is the speed to rotate at for this aircraft at its weight, and the green dot is where the nose started to come up. The grey band is the run between the nose coming up and the wheels leaving the runway. The figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up, in degrees a second. The grey dashed line across the pitch is the attitude held from 35 ft to the end: a nose held steady is a climb speed that holds, and the airspeed trace sits directly above it to compare. The ring on the airspeed is where it fell lowest after liftoff. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.
Two stabilised approach gates, each with seven checks, where the approach path is 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway. They are the approach's score: the checks passed out of the checks that ran.
At the 500 ft gate: speed more than 26 kt above the approach speed of 88 kt.
When the approach was stable
Every check met from 4 nm to 3.0 nm, then not again: fast from 3.0 nm to the threshold.
Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.
The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.
Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.
Inside the glideslope band from 4 nm to the threshold, never more than 240 ft above the slope.
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 1,000 ft past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 7× larger than distances along the final.
Inside the 1° band from 4 nm to 1.3 nm, then drifted 180 ft right between 1.3 and 0.4 nm, then inside the band from 0.4 nm to the threshold.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 44 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 26 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.
Inside the speed band from 4 nm to 3.0 nm, then fast to the threshold (up to +48 kt).
Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.
Over the threshold
The flare held the target profile well
Pitch was 0.3° at touchdown, at or below this aircraft's ground attitude, so the nosewheel met the runway with the main wheels or before them. Touchdown was 930 ft past the threshold. Keep raising the nose through the flare so the main wheels touch first.
Touchdown
Rollout
Taxi in
Side view — the last 5,000 ft of the approach.
Crossed the threshold at 31 ft, 19 ft below the 50 ft target; began the flare at 29 ft; ballooned 2 ft from 2 ft. Touched down 930 ft in, close to the ideal 1,000 ft.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 5,000 ft across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 1,000 ft in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
From the flare the descent stopped and turned into a climb of 130 fpm before coming down at 180 fpm to touch. The nose came up 3.9° on the way down. Into the flare at 99 kt, 11 kt over the 88 kt approach speed, and 89 kt at touchdown.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the first 5,000 ft of the 7,770 ft runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down 42 ft right of the centreline, and steered back to 6 ft right by the end of the rollout. 4 kt across from the left, which takes about 3° of crab to hold the centreline at 89 kt. Touched down with 3° of it still on, 2.3° of bank.
Wind 070° at 5 kt · 2 kt head · 4 kt across
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way. The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. The sentence gives the nose against the direction you were actually moving as the wheels touched, and the steepest bank as they touched, the figure the touchdown's Bank tile marks. The rest of it is shown for reading, not marked.
The 930 ft touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The 1.25 G arrival bounced.
The rest of the report
The aircraft departed PAJN Juneau International Airport on runway 08. Take-off used 2,377 ft, which is 27 % of the runway, and rotation occurred at 99 kt. The local weather at departure was 43 °F with wind 17 kt from 070°, giving a 10 kt crosswind component and a 14 kt headwind component.
Initial climb to 1,000 ft agl lasted 36 seconds, averaging 1,354 fpm and reaching 107 kt at the top of the climb. The climb continued from 1,597 ft asl to 26,910 ft asl in 19 minutes while covering 61 nm, beginning overhead PAJN. After cruise, descent from 26,909 ft asl to 24,000 ft asl took 2 minutes over 6 nm, starting 12 nm north-west of 5Z3 Juneau Seaplane Base.
Level flight at 24,000 ft asl was held for 27 minutes, covering 126 nm, beginning 13 nm north-east of EXI Excursion Inlet Seaplane Base. The next descent from 24,166 ft asl to 2,400 ft asl lasted 13 minutes over 42 nm, starting 8 nm west of A69 Tanis Mesa Airport. A level segment at 2,400 ft asl continued for 8 minutes, covering 21 nm, beginning 9 nm west of Yakutat. A further descent from 2,409 ft asl to 1,140 ft asl took 4 minutes over 7 nm, starting 6 nm north-west of 2Y3 Yakutat Seaplane Base.
Final approach to runway 11 at PAYA Yakutat Airport began at 1,107 ft agl and descended to 49 ft agl in 121 seconds. Stabilisation checks at 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway were met for gear down, landing flap, sink rate, glideslope, centreline, and wings level; speed was not met at one gate. The aircraft was in final flap position 2 at 1,805 ft agl with a speed of 132 kt.
Landing on runway 11, which is 7,770 ft long, occurred with a threshold speed of 99 kt, noted as well above target. The flare was described as great; the aircraft touched down flat with the nosewheel first. Touchdown distance was 929 ft, speed 89 kt, and rate -176 fpm. The touchdown point was misaligned by 42 ft from the centreline. One bounce occurred after touchdown. Total landing distance was 2,329 ft, representing 30 % of the runway, and the rollout was slightly misaligned by 30 ft from the centreline. Local weather at landing was 32 °F with wind 5 kt from 070°, giving a 5 kt crosswind and a 2 kt headwind.
After landing, taxiing to the parking area took 3 minutes and covered less than 1 nm. The entire flight covered 272 nm, lasted 82 minutes, and consumed 617 lb of fuel.
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