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CLM2
Leamington, Canada
Runway 19

Flight Score

95.02 %
CRB2
Cottam, Canada
Runway 01
12 Oct 2024 0:07 9 nm Cessna 172SP 5 lbs
Departure Score
93.91 %
Enroute Score
100.00 %
Arrival Score
91.15 %

What went well

Touched down at -214 ft/m — a soft arrival
Touchdown 346 ft in — inside the full-score zone
1.19 G at touchdown — inside band

What held you back

Arrival Touchdown — Speed at touchdown 65 kn at 6 %, Landing Bounce at 80 %, −1.99 points
Departure Climb 2 — bank angle up to 17.6 ° at 59 %, −1.14 points
Departure Climb 1 — bank angle up to 12.7 ° at 72 %, −0.79 points

Top opportunity

Shorten the long landing

Arrival Touchdown

Every knot above Vref is stored kinetic energy, and energy stored at the threshold must be dissipated in ground effect before the aeroplane will stop flying. Because kinetic energy scales with the square of speed, the excess you must dissipate grows fast. At a 45-knot approach, five knots hot is over a tenth more speed and roughly a quarter more energy to get rid of in ground effect. This is why the fix is never in the flare. It was decided three miles earlier, on final, at the airspeed indicator.

Read more in VRef Explained

Start to finish · 12 stages, 10 scored

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 19 at CLM2 Leamington, Average speed was 2 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 9 kn0 kn min to max 28 kn 0 28 kn
Info Average pitch angle 2.0 °1.4 ° min to max 2.7 ° 1.4 2.4 °
Info Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.4 0.1 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 0.99 g

Events

Info Battery Master On 3 ft agl
Info Engine 1 Started 3 ft agl
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 3 ft agl
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 3 ft agl
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 3 ft agl
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 3 ft agl
Info Parking Brake On 3 ft agl
Info Landing Lights Switched On 3 ft agl
Info Taxi Lights Switched Off 3 ft agl
Info Flaps Position 1 3 ft agl
Info Parking Brake Off 3 ft agl
Departure Roll 99.04Departure roll runway 19 at CLM2 Leamington. Takeoff distance 1,055 ft 28 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 64 kn. Local weather - Temperature 59 °F. Wind 0 kn at 4 °. Crosswind: 0 kn Headwind: 0 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 1,055 ft28 % of runway
95 % Liftoff speed was 64 knTarget 55 kn
100 % Runway alignment max 4.2 ft1.5 ft left to 2.7 ft right 1.5 -2.7 ft
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.96 g min to max 1.05 g 0.97 1.05 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 2.7 °2.1 ° min to max 4.6 ° 2.4 4.6 °
Info Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 2.0 ° 0.1 2.0 °
Departure Climb 1 92.93Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 19 CLM2 Leamington.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.0 °-0.1 ° min to max 0.1 ° 0.1 0.0 °
100 % Average speed 68 kn64 kn min to max 70 kn 64 70 kn
72 % Average bank angle 4.2 °0.1 ° min to max 12.7 ° 2.1 12.7 °
100 % Average g force 1.05 g0.97 g min to max 1.11 g 1.05 1.05 g
Info Average VSI 611 ft/m360 ft/m min to max 728 ft/m 360 728 ft/m
Info Average altitude 21 ft agl1 ft agl min to max 49 ft agl 1 49 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 7.3 °4.7 ° min to max 8.6 ° 4.7 8.6 °
Departure Climb 2 89.75Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 19 CLM2 Leamington.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.5 °0.0 ° min to max 1.3 ° 0.0 1.3 °
100 % Average speed 71 kn70 kn min to max 71 kn 70 71 kn
59 % Average bank angle 15.4 °12.9 ° min to max 17.6 ° 12.9 17.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.09 g1.06 g min to max 1.10 g 1.06 1.08 g
Info Average VSI 898 ft/m731 ft/m min to max 1,123 ft/m 731 1,123 ft/m
Info Average altitude 74 ft agl50 ft agl min to max 106 ft agl 50 106 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 10.2 °8.6 ° min to max 11.8 ° 8.6 11.8 °
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started overhead CLM2 Leamington Leamington (Ontario, Canada). Climbing from 734 ft asl to 1,152 ft asl, an increase of 418 ft in 1 minutes and covering less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 82 kn67 kn min to max 101 kn 69 101 kn
100 % Average bank angle 12.4 °0.2 ° min to max 26.7 ° 20.2 0.8 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.85 g min to max 1.16 g 1.05 1.06 g
Info Average VSI 675 ft/m183 ft/m min to max 1,322 ft/m 1,295 644 ft/m
Info Average altitude 978 ft asl734 ft asl min to max 1,152 ft asl 734 1,152 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 6.3 °2.4 ° min to max 12.8 ° 12.8 4.9 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Flaps Fully Retracted 271 ft agl · 75 kt
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started overhead CLM2 Leamington Leamington (Ontario, Canada) and lasted 2 minutes, covering 4 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 1,514 ft asl1,165 ft asl min to max 1,585 ft asl 1,165 1,560 ft asl
100 % Average speed 102 kn97 kn min to max 104 kn 101 101 kn
100 % Average bank angle 1.7 °0.0 ° min to max 7.5 ° 1.0 1.5 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.83 g min to max 1.11 g 1.04 1.01 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 1.7 °-0.8 ° min to max 7.0 ° 5.4 0.8 °
Arrival 100.00Arrival started overhead CLM2 Leamington Leamington (Ontario, Canada).
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 92 kn70 kn min to max 102 kn 101 76 kn
100 % Average bank angle 6.3 °0.0 ° min to max 29.7 ° 1.4 1.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.89 g min to max 1.29 g 1.00 1.03 g
Info Average VSI -168 ft/m-1,332 ft/m min to max 511 ft/m 58 -694 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,488 ft asl875 ft asl min to max 1,578 ft asl 1,561 875 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -0.2 °-8.3 ° min to max 4.7 ° 0.8 -3.0 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 905 ft agl · 86 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 820 ft agl · 80 kt
Arrival Final 1 98.77Approaching runway 01 at CRB2 Cottam from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 231 ft agl to 22 ft agl. A decrease of 210 ft in 23 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 2.0 °1.0 ° min to max 3.0 °Target 3.0 ° 3.0 1.0 °
100 % Average speed 73 kn70 kn min to max 76 kn 76 70 kn
100 % Heading variation -0.3 °-0.4 ° min to max 0.0 ° 0.0 -0.4 °
94 % Average bank angle 1.0 °0.0 ° min to max 5.3 ° 0.2 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.96 g min to max 1.08 g 1.01 1.04 g
Info Average VSI -478 ft/m-646 ft/m min to max -403 ft/m -646 -486 ft/m
Info Average altitude 72 ft agl22 ft agl min to max 231 ft agl 231 22 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -1.7 °-3.0 ° min to max -0.8 ° -2.8 -0.8 °
00.250.50.751050100150200250Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-80-60-40-20020406080Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment ft
Arrival Landing 97.87Landing on runway 01 at CRB2 Cottam, runway length 2,237 ft. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was well above target at 70 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
92 % Threshold speed was well above target at 70 kn. Target 60 kn
100 % Target 37 ft agl
100 % Landing and flare profile
99 % Heading variation -0.5 °-0.5 ° min to max -0.4 ° -0.4 -0.5 °
100 % Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.2 0.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.06 g1.02 g min to max 1.08 g 1.05 1.02 g
Info Average speed 68 kn65 kn min to max 70 kn 70 65 kn
Info Average VSI -349 ft/m-483 ft/m min to max -215 ft/m -483 -215 ft/m
Info Average altitude 4 ft agl-1 ft agl min to max 10 ft agl 10 -1 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 0.6 °-0.7 ° min to max 1.4 ° -0.7 1.4 °
025008.9518273645Runway Distance ftLanding Height ft0250-50-40-30-20-1001020304050Runway Distance ftRunway Width ft
Arrival Touchdown 76.08Touchdown distance was good at 342 ft. Touchdown speed at 65 kn was excessively fast. Touchdown rate was fair at -215 ft/m. Runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 17 ft from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 60 °F. Wind 0 kn at 3 °. Crosswind: 0 kn Headwind: 0 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
96 % Touchdown VSI was -215 ft/m.
100 % Touchdown distance was 342 ftTarget 1,246 ft
6 % Speed at touchdown 65 knTarget 44 kn
92 % Runway alignment max 17.3 ft17.1 ft right -17.0 -17.3 ft
100 % Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.6 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.12 g1.02 g min to max 1.19 g 1.02 1.10 g
80 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 64 kn64 kn min to max 65 kn 65 64 kn
Info Average pitch angle 2.6 °1.4 ° min to max 3.3 ° 1.4 3.2 °
Arrival Rollout 91.89Total landing distance 1,537 ft, 69 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was slightly misaligned by 26 ft from centreline.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 1,537 ft69 % of runway.
82 % Runway alignment max 26.2 ft0.0 ft left to 26.2 ft right -17.4 -26.2 ft
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.95 g min to max 1.09 g 1.09 1.00 g
Info Average speed 64 kn38 kn min to max 70 kn 70 38 kn
Info Average pitch angle 2.5 °0.7 ° min to max 3.4 ° 3.2 0.8 °
Info Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 1.5 ° 0.1 0.2 °

Events

Fail Bounce during touchdown 4 ft agl · 63 kt
Info Parking Brake On 4 ft agl · 64 kt
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 2 kn
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 11 kn5 kn min to max 35 kn 35 8 kn
Info Average pitch angle 1.3 °-0.6 ° min to max 2.4 ° 1.1 2.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 1.3 ° 0.1 1.1 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.02 g 1.02 1.00 g

Events

Info Parking Brake Off 3 ft agl · 13 kt
Info Parking Brake On 3 ft agl
Info Parking Brake Off 3 ft agl

Takeoff

99.04 %
100.00Takeoff roll1,055 ft · 28 %
95.19Liftoff speed63 kt
100.00Runway alignment2.7 ft R
OkBounce on takeoffNone
92.93Rate of climb611 ft/m
Takeoff weight1,867 lbs
Airfield elevation581 ft asl
Wind4° · 0 kn · 0 kn cross

Approach

98.77 %
Not assessed1,000 ft gateNot recorded
Not assessed500 ft gateNot recorded
100.00Threshold height10 ft
91.82Threshold speed69 kt
99.20Centreline offset0.5 ft R

Touchdown

76.08 %
100.00Touchdown point346 ft
91.86Centreline at touchdown17.3 ft R
96.04Sink rate-214 ft/m
100.00Touchdown force1.19 G
FailBounces1
91.89Rollout distance1,121 ft · 65 % used
Landing weight1,862 lbs
Airfield elevation633 ft asl
Wind3° · 0 kn

The stabilisation gates

Two stabilised approach gates, each with six checks at 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway.

Six checks, two gates1,000 ft500 ft
Gear down
Landing flap
Sink rate
On glideslope
On centreline
On speed

Touchdown on CRB2 01

Past threshold
346 ft
Off centreline
17.3 ftR
Sink rate
-214 ft/m
Impact
1.19G

Side view — the last 2,237 ft of the approach.

10 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft 80 ft400 Ideal — 50 ft, down at 1,000 ft This flight — 10 ft, down at 346 ft

Plan view — the full 2,237 ft runway, to the same scale as the side view.

1,0002,000 THRESHOLD FULL SCORE TO 1,650 FT 346 ft past threshold CLEARED

The 346 ft touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 1,467 ft of 2,237 ft · 66 %

The rest of the report

Explore in detail

Flight map
Replay this flight in 3D The full flight path over the terrain with every stage, event and score along the route.
Takeoff report
Takeoff on runway 19 at CLM2 Leamington in the Cessna 172SP
93.91 %
99.04 %
Takeoff Roll
Departure roll runway 19 at CLM2 Leamington. Takeoff distance 1,055 ft 28 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 64 kn. Local weather - Temperature 59 °F. Wind 0 kn at 4 °. Crosswind: 0 kn Headwind: 0 kn.
Takeoff Distance
100 %
Roll distance of 1,055 ft using 27.6 % of runway
Liftoff Speed
95.19 %
Liftoff speed was 64 kn - Target 55 kn
Alignment
100 %
1.5 ft left to 2.7 ft right
Bounce
100 %
No Bounce Detected
Strobe Lights
100 %
Switched On
Landing Lights
100 %
Switched On
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
70 40 10
Bank °
Info
3 1.5 0
Pitch °
Info
5 3.5 2
01,0002,000-30-20-100102030 Runway Distance ft Runway Alignment to End of Runway ft
92.93 %
Climb 1
Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 19 CLM2 Leamington.
Alignment
100 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
80 70 60
Bank °
71.74 %
13 6.5 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
9 6.5 4
Climb Rate fpm
Info
800 350 -100
89.75 %
Climb 2
Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 19 CLM2 Leamington.
Alignment
100 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
80 75 70
Bank °
59 %
18 15 12
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
12 10 8
Climb Rate fpm
Info
1,200 900 600
01,0002,000020406080100 Runway Distance ft Height at End of Runway ft
00.030.070.10.140.170100 Climb Distance NM Climb Profile to 1,000 ft
00.030.070.10.140.17-200-160-120-80-4004080120160200 Climb Distance NM Runway Alignment in (ft) to 1,000 ft
Landing report
Landing on runway 01 at CRB2 Cottam in the Cessna 172SP
Landing Score 91.15 %
98.77 %
Final 1
Approaching runway 01 at CRB2 Cottam from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 231 ft agl to 22 ft agl. A decrease of 210 ft in 23 seconds.
Glideslope
100 %
Excellent glideslope alignment
Heading
100 %
Excellent heading alignment
Glideslope °
100 %
4 3 2
IAS kt
100 %
76 68 60
Alignment
100 %
0.5 0 -0.5
Bank °
93.85 %
6 3 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Descent Rate fpm
Info
-403 -552 -700
00.250.50.751050100150200250 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Height ft
00.250.50.751-80-60-40-20020406080 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Runway Alignment ft
97.87 %
Landing
Landing on runway 01 at CRB2 Cottam, runway length 2,237 ft. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was well above target at 70 kn.
Height
100 %
Good threshold height. Target 50 ft agl
Speed
91.82 %
Threshold speed was well above target at 70 kt. Target 60 kt
Flare
100 %
Perfect landing flare
Centreline ft
99.2 %
100 0 -100
Bank °
100 %
1 0.5 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
70 65 60
Pitch °
Info
2 1 0
Descent Rate fpm
Info
-219 -359 -500
025008.9518273645 Runway Distance ft Landing Height ft
0250-50-40-30-20-1001020304050 Runway Distance ft Runway Width ft
76.08 %
Touchdown
Touchdown distance was good at 342 ft. Touchdown speed at 65 kn was excessively fast. Touchdown rate was fair at -215 ft/m. Runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 17 ft from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 60 °F. Wind 0 kn at 3 °. Crosswind: 0 kn Headwind: 0 kn.
Touchdown
96.04 %
Touchdown rate was fair at -215 ft/m.
Speed
6.47 %
Touchdown speed at 65 kt was excessively fast. Target below 44 kn
Distance
100 %
Touchdown distance was good at 342 ft.
Alignment
91.86 %
Runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 17 ft from centreline.
Bank
100 %
Bank angle 0.4 °
G
100 %
G 1.12 g
Bounce
80 %
Bounce Detected
91.89 %
Rollout
Total landing distance 1,537 ft, 69 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was slightly misaligned by 26 ft from centreline.
Distance
100 %
Landing distance 1,537 ft using 68.71 % of runway
Alignment
81.98 %
Runway rollout alignment was slightly misaligned by 26 ft from centreline.
G
100 %
1.25 1 0.75
IAS kt
Info
63 42 20
Bank °
Info
2 1 0
Pitch °
Info
4 2 0
05001,000 Runway Distance ft Runway Width ft
Metrics
Metrics

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