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The flight began with a taxiing period from the parking area to the runway, which took approximately 2 minutes and covered less than 1 nautical mile. The aircraft, a Cessna C172, then departed from runway 16 at KLNA Palm Beach County Park Airport. The takeoff distance was 296 meters, which accounted for 28% of the runway length. The liftoff speed was 59 knots, and the local weather conditions were characterized by a temperature of 15°C, with no wind at 142°.
After takeoff, the aircraft entered a level cruise, starting overhead Hypoluxo, Florida. This phase of the flight lasted for 1 minute and covered a distance of 2 nautical miles. The enroute descent began overhead Lantana, Florida, and involved a decrease in altitude from 1,128 feet above sea level to 267 feet above sea level, a drop of 861 feet in 2 minutes and covering 1 nautical mile.
The final approach to runway 16 at KLNA Palm Beach County Park Airport was made from the northwest, with a heading of 154.0° at an altitude of 242 feet above ground level. The aircraft then landed on the runway, with the first landing experiencing a threshold height significantly above the target, but a threshold speed well below the target, requiring caution to avoid stalling.
The second landing had a threshold height excessively over the target, but a threshold speed also well below the target, necessitating careful control to prevent stalling. The third landing had a good threshold height, but a threshold speed still well below the target, requiring attention to avoid stalling. The touchdown distance was good at 80 meters, with a touchdown speed of 43 knots and a firm touchdown rate of -325 feet per minute. The runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 3.4 meters from the centerline.
The local weather conditions remained the same, with a temperature of 15°C and no wind at 141°. The total landing distance was 253 meters, accounting for 24% of the runway length. The runway rollout alignment was perfect. The taxiing period from the runway to the parking area took approximately 1 minute and covered less than 1 nautical mile. The total flight distance was 8 nautical miles, taking 34 minutes, and the aircraft used 14 kilograms of fuel.
Replay this flight in 3D — the full flight path over the terrain with every stage, event and score along the route.
Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 2 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 100 % |
Average speed 10 kn 0 kn min to max 13 kn |
0 | 10 kn | |
| 100 % |
Average speed turning corners 11 kn max 13 kn |
0 | 0 kn | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 1.00 g 0.99 g min to max 1.00 g |
1.00 | 1.00 g | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle 2.1 ° 1.6 ° min to max 2.6 ° |
2.4 | 2.2 ° | |
| Info |
Average bank angle 0.2 ° 0.0 ° min to max 0.6 ° |
0.2 | 0.6 ° | |
| Info |
Battery Master On at 04:00:48 |
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| Info |
Engine 1 Started at 04:00:48 |
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| Info |
Beacon Lights Switched On at 04:00:48 |
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| Info |
Navigation Lights Switched On at 04:00:48 |
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| Info |
Parking Brake On at 04:00:48 |
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| Info |
Taxi Lights Switched On at 04:01:40 |
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| Info |
Parking Brake Off at 04:02:12 |
Entering runway 16 at KLNA Palm Beach County Park Airport, Average speed was 2 kn.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| Info |
Average speed 14 kn 0 kn min to max 20 kn |
10 | 20 kn | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle 1.9 ° 0.0 ° min to max 2.5 ° |
2.1 | 2.5 ° | |
| Info |
Average bank angle 0.3 ° 0.0 ° min to max 0.8 ° |
0.5 | 0.2 ° | |
| Info |
Average g force 1.00 g 0.99 g min to max 1.00 g |
1.00 | 0.99 g | |
| Info |
Strobe Lights Switched On at 04:04:52 |
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| Info |
Landing Lights Switched On at 04:04:53 |
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| Info |
Taxi Lights Switched Off at 04:04:54 |
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| Info |
Flaps Position 1 at 04:05:34 |
Departure roll runway 16 at KLNA Palm Beach County Park Airport. Takeoff distance 296 m 28 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 59 kn. Local weather - Temperature 15 °C. Wind 0 kn at 142 °. Crosswind: 0 kn Headwind: 0 kn.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 100 % |
Takeoff distance 296 m 28 % of runway |
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| 100 % |
Liftoff speed was 59 kn Target 65 kn |
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| 100 % |
Runway alignment max 2.23 m 2.18 m left to 0.05 m right |
-0.01 | 2.18 m | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 0.99 g 0.97 g min to max 1.24 g |
0.99 | 1.24 g | |
| 100 % |
Takeoff Bounce |
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| Info |
Average pitch angle 3.7 ° 2.7 ° min to max 9.5 ° |
2.7 | 9.5 ° | |
| Info |
Average bank angle 0.1 ° 0.0 ° min to max 0.2 ° |
0.0 | 0.2 ° |
Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 16 KLNA Palm Beach County Park Airport.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 100 % |
Heading variation -0.4 ° -0.5 ° min to max -0.3 ° |
-0.3 | -0.5 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average speed 60 kn 59 kn min to max 60 kn |
59 | 59 kn | |
| 97.05 % |
Average bank angle 1.9 ° 0.3 ° min to max 3.1 ° |
0.3 | 3.1 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 1.17 g 1.01 g min to max 1.33 g |
1.29 | 1.01 g | |
| Info |
Average VSI 788 fpm 390 fpm min to max 1,066 fpm |
390 | 1,066 fpm | |
| Info |
Average altitude 21 ft agl 1 ft agl min to max 48 ft agl |
1 | 48 ft agl | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle 13.3 ° 9.1 ° min to max 15.2 ° |
9.7 | 15.2 ° |
Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 16 KLNA Palm Beach County Park Airport.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 99.62 % |
Heading variation -1.1 ° -2.0 ° min to max -0.5 ° |
-0.5 | -2.0 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average speed 58 kn 56 kn min to max 59 kn |
59 | 56 kn | |
| 93 % |
Average bank angle 2.6 ° 0.0 ° min to max 4.7 ° |
3.2 | 0.7 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 0.96 g 0.89 g min to max 1.09 g |
1.00 | 0.99 g | |
| Info |
Average VSI 1,094 fpm 831 fpm min to max 1,188 fpm |
1,082 | 977 fpm | |
| Info |
Average altitude 134 ft agl 50 ft agl min to max 399 ft agl |
50 | 399 ft agl | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle 14.4 ° 12.2 ° min to max 15.6 ° |
15.2 | 14.9 ° | |
| Info |
Flaps Fully Retracted at 04:06:08 |
Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 16 KLNA Palm Beach County Park Airport.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 100 % |
Heading variation 0.5 ° -2.0 ° min to max 1.9 ° |
-2.0 | 1.7 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average speed 87 kn 55 kn min to max 98 kn |
56 | 97 kn | |
| 19.58 % |
Average bank angle 1.6 ° 0.0 ° min to max 32.6 ° |
0.0 | 32.6 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 1.03 g 0.78 g min to max 1.43 g |
0.98 | 1.36 g | |
| 100 % |
Landing gear up |
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| Info |
Average VSI 639 fpm 112 fpm min to max 1,000 fpm |
990 | 908 fpm | |
| Info |
Average altitude 694 ft agl 416 ft agl min to max 880 ft agl |
416 | 880 ft agl | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle 6.7 ° 1.3 ° min to max 15.2 ° |
15.2 | 10.1 ° |
Enroute level cruise started overhead Hypoluxo (Florida, United States) and lasted 1 minutes, covering 2 nm.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 100 % |
Average altitude 927 ft asl 784 ft asl min to max 1,126 ft asl |
918 | 1,126 ft asl | |
| 100 % |
Average speed 90 kn 86 kn min to max 96 kn |
96 | 92 kn | |
| 89.12 % |
Average bank angle 13.7 ° 0.1 ° min to max 45.4 ° |
37.6 | 4.7 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 1.06 g 0.81 g min to max 1.41 g |
1.13 | 1.01 g | |
| Info |
Turn coordination 0 0 min to max 0 |
0 | 0 | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle 3.0 ° -1.7 ° min to max 9.4 ° |
9.4 | 2.0 ° |
Enroute descent started overhead Lantana (Florida, United States). Descent from 1,128 ft asl to 267 ft asl, a decrease of 861 ft in 2 minutes and covering 1 nm.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 100 % |
Average speed 69 kn 52 kn min to max 96 kn |
93 | 60 kn | |
| 100 % |
Average bank angle 6.0 ° 0.0 ° min to max 30.2 ° |
4.8 | 0.2 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 1.01 g 0.72 g min to max 1.39 g |
1.04 | 0.99 g | |
| Info |
Average VSI -420 fpm -1,104 fpm min to max 262 fpm |
100 | -766 fpm | |
| Info |
Average altitude 871 ft asl 267 ft asl min to max 1,150 ft asl |
1,128 | 267 ft asl | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle -0.6 ° -7.1 ° min to max 7.9 ° |
2.4 | -3.5 ° | |
| Info |
Turn coordination 0 0 min to max 0 |
0 | 0 | |
| Info |
Flaps Position 1 at 04:10:09 |
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| Info |
Flaps Position 2 at 04:10:20 |
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| Info |
Flaps Position 3 at 04:10:35 |
Approaching runway 16 at KLNA Palm Beach County Park Airport from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 242 ft agl to 91 ft agl. A decrease of 151 ft in 22 seconds.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 62.17 % |
Approach angle 4.6 ° 3.7 ° min to max 5.2 ° Target 3.5 ° |
4.0 | 5.2 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average speed 57 kn 53 kn min to max 62 kn |
60 | 56 kn | |
| 48.4 % |
Heading variation 1.6 ° 1.3 ° min to max 1.8 ° |
1.6 | 1.8 ° | |
| 96.63 % |
Average bank angle 1.4 ° 0.1 ° min to max 4.2 ° |
1.8 | 0.1 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 1.01 g 0.93 g min to max 1.16 g |
1.00 | 1.06 g | |
| Info |
Average VSI -401 fpm -754 fpm min to max -231 fpm |
-754 | -386 fpm | |
| Info |
Average altitude 132 ft agl 91 ft agl min to max 242 ft agl |
242 | 91 ft agl | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle -0.1 ° -3.4 ° min to max 3.2 ° |
-3.4 | 0.8 ° |
Landing on runway 16 at KLNA Palm Beach County Park Airport, runway length 1,046 m. Threshold height at 86 ft agl was significantly above target. Threshold speed at 56 kn was well below target, take care not to stall.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 78.87 % |
Threshold speed at 56 kn was well below target, take care not to stall. Target 70 kn |
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| 30.82 % |
Target 50 ft agl |
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| 0 % |
Landing and flare profile |
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| 0 % |
Heading variation -48.6 ° -180.0 ° min to max 180.0 ° |
1.8 | 1.3 ° | |
| 18.92 % |
Average bank angle 2.1 ° 0.0 ° min to max 32.8 ° |
0.0 | 0.9 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 1.00 g 0.54 g min to max 1.45 g |
1.05 | 1.08 g | |
| Info |
Average speed 70 kn 52 kn min to max 110 kn |
56 | 60 kn | |
| Info |
Average VSI 20 fpm -1,656 fpm min to max 1,435 fpm |
-383 | -538 fpm | |
| Info |
Average altitude 599 ft agl 12 ft agl min to max 1,319 ft agl |
86 | 265 ft agl | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle 3.5 ° -9.3 ° min to max 18.0 ° |
0.8 | -0.7 ° | |
| Info |
Flaps Position 2 at 04:12:16 |
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| Info |
Flaps Position 1 at 04:12:24 |
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| Info |
Flaps Fully Retracted at 04:12:39 |
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| Info |
Autopilot Master Switched On at 04:15:00 |
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| Info |
Autopilot Flight Director Activated at 04:15:00 |
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| Info |
Autopilot Heading Hold Activated at 04:15:08 |
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| Info |
Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated at 04:15:32 |
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| Info |
Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated at 04:15:36 |
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| Info |
Autopilot Vertical Hold Activated at 04:15:36 |
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| Info |
Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated at 04:15:40 |
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| Info |
Autopilot Vertical Hold Deactivated at 04:15:40 |
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| Info |
Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated at 04:16:01 |
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| Info |
Autopilot Vertical Hold Activated at 04:16:01 |
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| Info |
Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated at 04:16:12 |
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| Info |
Autopilot Vertical Hold Deactivated at 04:16:12 |
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| Info |
Autopilot Master Switched Off at 04:18:31 |
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| Info |
Flaps Position 1 at 04:19:14 |
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| Info |
Autopilot Master Switched On at 04:23:54 |
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| Info |
Autopilot Master Switched Off at 04:24:16 |
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| Info |
Autopilot Heading Hold Deactivated at 04:24:40 |
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| Info |
Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated at 04:24:40 |
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| Info |
Autopilot Master Switched On at 04:25:03 |
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| Info |
Autopilot Heading Hold Activated at 04:25:16 |
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| Info |
Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated at 04:28:15 |
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| Info |
Autopilot Master Switched Off at 04:28:16 |
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| Info |
Flaps Fully Retracted at 04:28:18 |
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| Info |
Flaps Position 1 at 04:30:59 |
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| Info |
Flaps Position 2 at 04:31:51 |
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| Info |
Flaps Position 3 at 04:32:35 |
Approaching runway 16 at KLNA Palm Beach County Park Airport from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 262 ft agl to 114 ft agl. A decrease of 148 ft in 24 seconds.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 53.2 % |
Approach angle 4.4 ° 3.8 ° min to max 6.1 ° Target 3.5 ° |
4.0 | 6.1 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average speed 55 kn 54 kn min to max 59 kn |
59 | 55 kn | |
| 38 % |
Heading variation 1.6 ° 1.3 ° min to max 2.0 ° |
1.3 | 2.0 ° | |
| 97.89 % |
Average bank angle 0.8 ° 0.1 ° min to max 3.8 ° |
1.0 | 2.2 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 1.00 g 0.91 g min to max 1.14 g |
0.95 | 0.91 g | |
| Info |
Average VSI -356 fpm -617 fpm min to max -173 fpm |
-477 | -261 fpm | |
| Info |
Average altitude 173 ft agl 114 ft agl min to max 262 ft agl |
262 | 114 ft agl | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle 0.4 ° -2.9 ° min to max 2.2 ° |
-2.0 | -0.3 ° |
Landing on runway 16 at KLNA Palm Beach County Park Airport, runway length 1,046 m. Threshold height at 103 ft agl was excessively over target. Threshold speed at 55 kn was well below target, take care not to stall.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 76.23 % |
Threshold speed at 55 kn was well below target, take care not to stall. Target 70 kn |
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| 0 % |
Target 50 ft agl |
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| 0 % |
Landing and flare profile |
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| 0 % |
Heading variation 14.6 ° -0.2 ° min to max 173.9 ° |
2.1 | 0.3 ° | |
| 23.63 % |
Average bank angle 1.4 ° 0.0 ° min to max 31.0 ° |
1.0 | 3.0 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 1.00 g 0.80 g min to max 1.22 g |
0.96 | 1.03 g | |
| Info |
Average speed 56 kn 48 kn min to max 93 kn |
55 | 62 kn | |
| Info |
Average VSI -116 fpm -939 fpm min to max 1,183 fpm |
-358 | -810 fpm | |
| Info |
Average altitude 133 ft agl 16 ft agl min to max 1,199 ft agl |
103 | 348 ft agl | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle 2.9 ° -5.2 ° min to max 11.8 ° |
-0.6 | -3.1 ° | |
| Info |
Flaps Position 2 at 04:34:36 |
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| Info |
Flaps Position 1 at 04:34:44 |
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| Info |
Flaps Fully Retracted at 04:34:54 |
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| Info |
Flaps Position 1 at 04:36:39 |
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| Info |
Flaps Position 2 at 04:37:36 |
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| Info |
Flaps Position 3 at 04:38:13 |
Approaching runway 16 at KLNA Palm Beach County Park Airport from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 325 ft agl to 23 ft agl. A decrease of 302 ft in 24 seconds.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 63.27 % |
Approach angle 2.7 ° 1.3 ° min to max 5.2 ° Target 3.5 ° |
5.2 | 1.3 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average speed 50 kn 47 kn min to max 60 kn |
60 | 47 kn | |
| 100 % |
Heading variation 0.2 ° 0.2 ° min to max 0.4 ° |
0.4 | 0.2 ° | |
| 97 % |
Average bank angle 0.9 ° 0.0 ° min to max 4.1 ° |
4.1 | 0.1 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 1.00 g 0.93 g min to max 1.08 g |
0.97 | 1.05 g | |
| Info |
Average VSI -651 fpm -921 fpm min to max -594 fpm |
-841 | -594 fpm | |
| Info |
Average altitude 81 ft agl 23 ft agl min to max 325 ft agl |
325 | 23 ft agl | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle -1.0 ° -5.0 ° min to max 1.5 ° |
-5.0 | 1.5 ° |
Landing on runway 16 at KLNA Palm Beach County Park Airport, runway length 1,046 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed at 47 kn was well below target, take care not to stall.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 44.15 % |
Threshold speed at 47 kn was well below target, take care not to stall. Target 70 kn |
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| 100 % |
Target 50 ft agl |
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| 90.05 % |
Landing and flare profile |
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| 100 % |
Heading variation 0.2 ° 0.2 ° min to max 0.2 ° |
0.2 | 0.2 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average bank angle 0.6 ° 0.1 ° min to max 1.6 ° |
0.1 | 1.1 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 1.05 g 0.99 g min to max 1.10 g |
1.06 | 1.04 g | |
| Info |
Average speed 45 kn 43 kn min to max 47 kn |
47 | 43 kn | |
| Info |
Average VSI -436 fpm -588 fpm min to max -325 fpm |
-588 | -325 fpm | |
| Info |
Average altitude 9 ft agl 2 ft agl min to max 18 ft agl |
18 | 2 ft agl | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle 3.6 ° 1.8 ° min to max 6.1 ° |
1.8 | 6.1 ° |
Touchdown distance was good at 80 m. Touchdown speed at 43 kn was good. Touchdown rate was firm at -325 fpm. Runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 3.4 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 15 °C. Wind 0 kn at 141 °. Crosswind: 0 kn Headwind: 0 kn.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 92.26 % |
Touchdown VSI was -325 fpm. |
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| 100 % |
Touchdown distance was 80 m Target 457 m |
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| 100 % |
Speed at touchdown 43 kn Target 55 kn |
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| 98.62 % |
Runway alignment max 3.43 m 3.31 m left |
3.43 | 3.17 m | |
| 97.88 % |
Average bank angle 1.2 ° 0.4 ° min to max 2.2 ° |
1.1 | 2.2 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 1.25 g 1.04 g min to max 1.42 g |
1.04 | 1.18 g | |
| 80 % |
Landing Bounce |
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| Info |
Average speed 42 kn 42 kn min to max 43 kn |
43 | 42 kn | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle 6.1 ° 5.8 ° min to max 6.6 ° |
6.1 | 6.0 ° |
Total landing distance 253 m, 24 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was perfect.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 100 % |
Landing distance 253 m 24 % of runway. |
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| 100 % |
Runway alignment max 3.46 m 2.90 m left to 0.55 m right |
2.90 | -0.55 m | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 1.00 g 0.94 g min to max 1.06 g |
1.06 | 0.99 g | |
| Info |
Average speed 47 kn 32 kn min to max 50 kn |
50 | 32 kn | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle 3.5 ° 0.1 ° min to max 7.2 ° |
7.1 | 0.1 ° | |
| Info |
Average bank angle 0.7 ° 0.0 ° min to max 2.7 ° |
2.7 | 0.0 ° |
Exiting runway, average speed 4 kn
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| Info |
Average speed 15 kn 0 kn min to max 29 kn |
29 | 7 kn | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle 2.1 ° 0.4 ° min to max 2.7 ° |
1.2 | 2.4 ° | |
| Info |
Average bank angle 0.3 ° 0.0 ° min to max 0.7 ° |
0.0 | 0.0 ° | |
| Info |
Average g force 1.00 g 0.98 g min to max 1.01 g |
1.01 | 1.00 g |
Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 1 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 100 % |
Average speed 7 kn 3 kn min to max 13 kn |
6 | 7 kn | |
| 100 % |
Average speed turning corners 5 kn max 5 kn |
0 | 0 kn | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 1.00 g 1.00 g min to max 1.00 g |
1.00 | 1.00 g | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle 2.0 ° 0.4 ° min to max 2.6 ° |
2.5 | 0.8 ° | |
| Info |
Average bank angle 0.4 ° 0.0 ° min to max 0.8 ° |
0.2 | 0.4 ° | |
| 100 % |
Landing Lights at 04:40:21 |
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| 100 % |
Taxi Lights at 04:40:34 |
The Cessna C172 aircraft successfully landed on runway 16 at KLNA Palm Beach County Park Airport, achieving a score of 73.8%. The final approach was initiated from the northwest, heading 154.0° at 0 nm and 242 ft above ground level (agl). The aircraft's performance during the landing was closely monitored, with specific attention paid to the threshold height and speed.
Upon initial assessment, the threshold height at 86 ft agl was found to be significantly above the target, while the threshold speed of 56 kn was well below the target. This necessitated caution to avoid stalling the aircraft. However, the subsequent landing attempts showed improvement, with a good threshold height achieved. Nevertheless, the threshold speed remained below target, with a speed of 47 kn recorded, which still posed a risk of stalling.
The touchdown distance was satisfactory at 80 m, and the touchdown speed of 43 kn was also within acceptable limits. The touchdown rate was firm at -325 fpm, indicating a controlled descent. However, the runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 3.4 m from the centreline. The local weather conditions were favorable, with a temperature of 15 °C and a wind speed of 0 kn at 141°.
The total landing distance of 253 m accounted for 24% of the runway length, which is a relatively short distance. The runway rollout alignment was perfect, indicating a smooth and controlled rollout. Overall, while the landing performance was satisfactory, there were areas for improvement, particularly in terms of maintaining a target threshold speed to avoid stalling.
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