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MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Arrival
Begin raising the nose earlier, by 11 ft, so the flare has time to arrest the sink before touchdown.
What happened: The flare began late at 1.9 ft, 9.3 ft below the normal band, and a late flare like this usually leaves too little time to arrest the sink before touchdown.
Watch for: Watch radio altitude and start the flare in the normal band, around 11 ft.
There are several things that can go wrong during the flare, carrying too much speed over the threshold, starting the flare at the wrong height and inconsistent flight control inputs, all contribute to a poor flare resulting in a hard touchdown or a float down the runway.
Read more in Flare TimingStart to finish · 15 stages, 13 in the score
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From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.
Rotated at 70 kt, 7 kt above the 63 kt target, and lifted off at 72 kt 0.2 s later with 0.9° of pitch. Climb 3 held close to its 89 kt target, at 89 kt on average.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The dashed green line is the speed to rotate at for this aircraft at its weight, and the green dot is where the nose started to come up. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.
The takeoff, point by point
Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 840 ft.
Reached 35 ft with 597 m of runway left; then climbing at 1,000 fpm on average to 840 ft.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.
Plan view the roll down the 1,170 m runway.
Rolled from 71 m in, drifted left of the centreline, 3.9 m at the widest, and lifted off 2.1 m left. Airborne 27 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length.
One stabilised approach gate: seven checks where the approach path is 300 ft above the runway. The 1,000 ft gate was not assessed, because the approach did not join final that far out. These checks are the approach's score.
When the approach was stable
Every check met from 1.2 nm, about 600 ft above the runway, to the threshold, before the 300 ft gate. The last to settle was the centreline.
Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.
The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.
Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.
Inside the glideslope band from 1.4 nm, where the final began, to the threshold, never more than 220 ft above the slope.
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.
Joined 212 m left of the centreline at 1.4 nm, then inside the band from 1.2 nm to the threshold.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 35 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 21 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.
Inside the speed band all the way, between −3 kt and +11 kt on the approach speed of 70 kt.
Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.
Over the threshold
Touchdown
The flare mostly held the target profile. The flare began at 2 ft agl above the runway, lower than this aircraft wants. Touchdown was 538 m past the threshold. Begin raising the nose earlier - a late flare leaves no time to arrest the sink.
9 kt across from the left, which takes about 9° of crab to hold the centreline at 60 kt. Touched down with the nose 10° into wind, wings level.
Wind 349° at 15 kt · 12 kt head · 9 kt across
The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.
Side view — the last 1,291 m of the approach.
Crossed the threshold at 24 ft, 26 ft below the 50 ft target; began the flare late, at 2 ft. Touched down 538 m in, 233 m past the ideal 305 m.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,291 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
The sink went from 20 fpm at the flare to 40 fpm at 2 ft, then back up to 80 fpm at touchdown. The pitch barely changed.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the full 1,291 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down 3.5 m left of the centreline, and stayed about there down the rollout, 3.4 m left at the widest.
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
Touched down 538 m past the threshold — beyond the full-score zone. The 1.43 G arrival bounced.
The rest of the report
The Diamond DA40 taxied from the parking area to the runway for 16 minutes, covering 2 nm, and departed runway 33 at KBVU Boulder City Municipal. Take-off was achieved in 335 m, which is 29 % of the runway length, with rotation at 70 kt. Local weather at departure was 20 °C, wind 12 kt from 350°, giving a 1 kt cross-wind component and a 12 kt head-wind component.
Initial climb to 1 000 ft agl took 48 seconds, averaging 719 fpm and reaching 94 kt at the top of the climb. The subsequent climb from 2 999 ft asl to 5 505 ft asl was completed in 5 minutes while covering 9 nm, beginning 1 mile south-west of Boulder City.
The aircraft then levelled at 5 500 ft asl for 22 minutes, covering 52 nm, with the segment starting 7 miles south of KBVU Boulder City Municipal.
Descent began from 4 992 ft asl to 1 441 ft asl in 8 minutes, covering 16 nm, starting 4 miles west of Mesquite Creek.
On final approach to runway 02 at KEED Needles Airport, the descent from 729 ft agl to 63 ft agl took 74 seconds. Stabilisation checks at 500 ft above the runway were all met: gear down, landing flap, sink rate, glideslope, centreline, speed, and wings level. The aircraft was in final flap position 2 at 462 ft agl with a speed of 85 kt.
Landing was made on runway 02, which is 1 291 m long. The threshold speed was 67 kt and touchdown speed was 60 kt, both recorded as good. The flare was described as very good, although it started late. Touchdown occurred beyond the midpoint of the runway, using more than 50 % of the available length. Touchdown rate was -80 fpm, rated excellent. The aircraft was slightly off centreline by 3.5 m at touchdown and experienced one bounce. Total landing distance was 810 m, representing 63 % of the runway. Rollout alignment was slightly off centreline by 8.0 m.
Local weather at KEED was 23 °C, wind 15 kt from 349°, giving a 10 kt cross-wind component and a 12 kt head-wind component. After landing, the aircraft taxied to the parking area for 4 minutes, covering less than 1 nm.
The flight covered a total of 82 nm in 44 minutes and consumed 12 kg of fuel.
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