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LGTS
Thessaloniki, Greece
Runway 34
Elevation13 ft asl
Weight1,966 kg
Fuel242 kg
Wind270° · 2 kn · 2 kn cross

Flight Score

91.05 %
LRBS
Bucharest, Romania
Runway 25
Elevation289 ft asl
Weight1,870 kg
Fuel146 kg
Wind270° · 2 kn · 1 kn cross
1 Jun 2025 1:36 286 nm DA62 96 kg
Departure Score
96.01 %
Enroute Score
96.56 %
Arrival Score
80.58 %

What went well

Touched down at -148 fpm — a soft arrival
1.17 G at touchdown — inside band
Rollout controlled — 41 % of the runway used

What held you back

Arrival Taxi — landing lights, then taxi lights; peak taxi speed 45 kt at 0 %, peak speed in a turn 35 kt at 0 %, −3.75 points
Enroute Level — bank angle up to 54.5 ° at 71 %, g force 0.80 to 2.13 g at 82 %, −1.15 points
Arrival Landing — Flare profile at 0 %, −1.09 points

Next time

Departure

Ease the nose up sooner to lift off at 84 kt instead of letting speed build on the ground.

What happened: The aircraft lifted off at 107 kt, 23 kt above the target liftoff speed.

Watch for: Airspeed indicator: 84 kt at liftoff

See Departure Roll

Arrival

Keep easing the back pressure to let the aircraft settle from 14 ft instead of holding it level.

What happened: The sink was arrested at 14 ft and held there instead of being let down.

Watch for: Radio altimeter: continuous descent through the normal flare band to touchdown

See Arrival Landing

Arrive slow and the sink rate at the threshold is already above schedule, the flare is short because there is no energy to extend it, and the touchdown is hard in a way that feels exactly like a late flare. Diagnosing a slow arrival as a late flare is the catastrophic misread: you respond by flaring earlier, which bleeds more speed, which makes the next one worse. The tiebreaker is threshold speed against VRef, not feel. Never diagnose a flare without it.

Read more in Flare Timing

Start to finish · 18 stages, 16 in the score

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 34 at LGTS Thessaloniki Macedonia International Airport, Average speed was 9 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 9 kt0 kt min to max 26 kt 0 26 kt
Info Average pitch angle -0.4 °-0.6 ° min to max 0.0 ° 0.0 -0.6 °
Info Average bank angle 0.0 °0.0 ° min to max 0.1 ° 0.0 0.1 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g

Events

Info Parking Brake Off 3 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 3 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Parking Brake On 3 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 3 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 3 ft agl
Info Taxi Lights Switched Off 3 ft agl
Info Flaps Position 1 3 ft agl
Info Parking Brake Off 3 ft agl · 3 kt
Departure Roll 89.48Departure roll runway 34 at LGTS Thessaloniki Macedonia International Airport. Takeoff distance 857 m 35 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 107 kt. Local weather - Temperature 16 °C. Wind 2 kt at 270 °. Crosswind: 2 kt Headwind: 0 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 857 m35 % of runway
58 % Liftoff speed was 107 ktTarget 84 kt
90 % Runway alignment max 5.85 m right0.00 m left to 5.85 m right -3.72 -3.75 m
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.97 g min to max 1.17 g 1.00 1.17 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle -0.7 °-1.4 ° min to max 4.0 ° -0.6 4.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.1 0.2 °
Departure Climb 1 99.30Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 34 LGTS Thessaloniki Macedonia International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.2 °0.1 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.2 0.1 °
100 % Average speed 112 kt107 kt min to max 115 kt 107 115 kt
97 % Average bank angle 1.4 °0.0 ° min to max 3.1 ° 0.2 0.7 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.97 g min to max 1.20 g 1.19 0.99 g
Info Average VSI 439 fpm336 fpm min to max 472 fpm 336 410 fpm
Info Average altitude 25 ft agl1 ft agl min to max 48 ft agl 1 48 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 4.8 °4.2 ° min to max 5.2 ° 4.2 4.5 °
Departure Climb 2 99.84Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 34 LGTS Thessaloniki Macedonia International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.1 °-1.0 ° min to max 0.1 ° 0.1 -1.0 °
100 % Average speed 120 kt115 kt min to max 141 kt 115 141 kt
99 % Average bank angle 0.7 °0.0 ° min to max 2.2 ° 0.6 0.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g0.95 g min to max 1.08 g 0.99 0.99 g
Info Average VSI 617 fpm407 fpm min to max 816 fpm 409 561 fpm
Info Average altitude 120 ft agl48 ft agl min to max 376 ft agl 48 376 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 5.6 °3.7 ° min to max 6.3 ° 4.6 3.8 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Up 92 ft agl · 118 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 237 ft agl · 124 kt
Departure Climb 3 95.41Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 34 LGTS Thessaloniki Macedonia International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.8 °-1.4 ° min to max 1.1 ° -1.1 1.1 °
100 % Average speed 148 kt142 kt min to max 152 kt 142 144 kt
77 % Average bank angle 4.9 °0.4 ° min to max 10.7 ° 0.4 10.5 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.97 g min to max 1.08 g 0.97 1.00 g
100 % Landing gear up
Info Average VSI 923 fpm342 fpm min to max 1,395 fpm 536 1,395 fpm
Info Average altitude 612 ft agl385 ft agl min to max 944 ft agl 385 944 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 5.1 °2.7 ° min to max 6.9 ° 3.5 6.7 °
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started 1 mile south of Kalamaria (Central Macedonia, Greece). Climbing from 987 ft asl to 11,007 ft asl, an increase of 10,020 ft in 13 minutes and covering 36 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 149 kt136 kt min to max 170 kt 144 170 kt
100 % Average bank angle 3.5 °0.0 ° min to max 26.6 ° 11.0 0.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.95 g min to max 1.14 g 0.99 0.99 g
Info Average VSI 915 fpm19 fpm min to max 1,710 fpm 1,373 19 fpm
Info Average altitude 4,186 ft asl987 ft asl min to max 11,007 ft asl 987 11,007 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 4.7 °1.1 ° min to max 8.3 ° 6.5 1.1 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Autopilot Master Switched On 2,022 ft agl · 143 kt
Info Autopilot Flight Director Activated 2,022 ft agl · 143 kt
Info Battery Master On 17 ft agl
Info Engine 1 Started 17 ft agl
Info Engine 2 Started 17 ft agl
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 17 ft agl
Info Landing Lights Switched On 17 ft agl
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 17 ft agl
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 17 ft agl
Info Landing Gear Down 17 ft agl
Info Parking Brake On 17 ft agl
Info Flaps Position 1 17 ft agl
Info Autopilot Glideslope Active Activated 4,152 ft agl · 157 kt
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Activated 4,878 ft agl · 165 kt
Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Activated 5,265 ft agl · 168 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 10,667 ft agl · 184 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Active Deactivated 10,667 ft agl · 184 kt
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started 2 miles south west of Skotoussa (Central Macedonia, Greece) and lasted 58 minutes, covering 200 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±1,050 ft of 11,006 ft asl10,999 ft asl min to max 11,010 ft asl 11,010 11,008 ft asl
100 % Average speed 172 kt167 kt min to max 174 kt 171 174 kt
100 % Average bank angle 1.7 °0.0 ° min to max 28.5 ° 0.0 0.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.95 g min to max 1.14 g 0.99 0.99 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 1.0 °0.4 ° min to max 1.6 ° 1.1 1.0 °

Events

Info Autopilot Heading Hold Deactivated 7,723 ft agl · 204 kt
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Activated 7,060 ft agl · 203 kt
Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Deactivated 8,845 ft agl · 203 kt
Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Activated 8,861 ft agl · 203 kt
Enroute Descent 100.00Enroute descent started 4 miles south east of Toporu (Giurgiu, Romania). Descent from 11,008 ft asl to 2,001 ft asl, a decrease of 9,007 ft in 9 minutes and covering 31 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 192 kt174 kt min to max 197 kt 174 181 kt
100 % Average bank angle 2.9 °0.0 ° min to max 28.7 ° 0.0 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.95 g min to max 1.15 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average VSI -742 fpm-1,163 fpm min to max 46 fpm -4 28 fpm
Info Average altitude 4,840 ft asl2,000 ft asl min to max 11,008 ft asl 11,008 2,001 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -1.3 °-2.6 ° min to max 0.9 ° 0.9 0.5 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 10,721 ft agl · 204 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Active Activated 10,721 ft agl · 204 kt
Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Deactivated 8,212 ft agl · 221 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 1,962 ft agl · 203 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Active Deactivated 1,962 ft agl · 203 kt
Enroute Level 2 86.22Enroute level cruise started 1 mile north east of Berceni (Ilfov, Romania) and lasted 12 minutes, covering 11 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
99 % Altitude held within ±600 ft of 1,875 ft asl1,220 ft asl min to max 2,011 ft asl 2,000 1,310 ft asl
100 % Average speed 176 kt160 kt min to max 191 kt 181 162 kt
71 % Average bank angle 4.5 °0.0 ° min to max 54.5 ° 0.3 5.4 °
82 % Average g force 1.02 g0.80 g min to max 2.13 g 1.01 0.95 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 1.0 °-7.4 ° min to max 5.7 ° 0.4 -1.2 °

Events

Info Autopilot Master Switched Off 1,746 ft agl · 180 kt
Info Autopilot Master Switched On 1,500 ft agl · 190 kt
Info Autopilot Master Switched Off 1,509 ft agl · 188 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 1,011 ft agl · 166 kt
Arrival Final 4 97.93Approaching runway 25 at LRBS Bucharest Băneasa Aurel Vlaicu International Airport from 4 nm to 3 nm. Descent from 1,010 ft agl to 889 ft agl. A decrease of 121 ft in 8 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 2.8 °2.8 ° min to max 2.8 °Target 3.0 ° 2.8 2.8 °
100 % Average speed 160 kt158 kt min to max 162 kt 162 158 kt
96 % Heading variation 2.5 °2.5 ° min to max 2.5 ° 2.5 2.5 °
92 % Average bank angle 4.2 °2.0 ° min to max 6.1 ° 6.1 2.0 °
100 % Average g force 0.96 g0.88 g min to max 1.02 g 0.96 0.98 g
Info Average VSI -848 fpm-1,210 fpm min to max -638 fpm -657 -1,210 fpm
Info Average altitude 957 ft agl889 ft agl min to max 1,010 ft agl 1,010 889 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -2.5 °-3.6 ° min to max -1.4 ° -1.5 -3.6 °
33.253.53.7548008509009501,0001,0501,1001,1501,2001,250Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft33.253.53.754-390-293-195-98098195293390Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Final 3 99.48Approaching runway 25 at LRBS Bucharest Băneasa Aurel Vlaicu International Airport from 3 nm to 2 nm. Descent from 869 ft agl to 468 ft agl. A decrease of 401 ft in 25 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 2.5 °2.2 ° min to max 2.7 °Target 3.0 ° 2.7 2.2 °
100 % Average speed 137 kt115 kt min to max 158 kt 158 115 kt
96 % Heading variation 2.0 °1.4 ° min to max 2.5 ° 2.5 1.4 °
99 % Average bank angle 1.2 °0.0 ° min to max 3.3 ° 1.9 3.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.94 g min to max 1.07 g 1.07 1.03 g
Info Average VSI -939 fpm-1,209 fpm min to max -796 fpm -1,209 -955 fpm
Info Average altitude 666 ft agl468 ft agl min to max 869 ft agl 869 468 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -2.5 °-3.0 ° min to max -2.0 ° -3.0 -2.2 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 2 744 ft agl · 157 kt
22.252.52.7534004505005506006507007508008509009501,0001,0501,100Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft22.252.52.753-360-270-180-90090180270360Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Final 2 99.09Approaching runway 25 at LRBS Bucharest Băneasa Aurel Vlaicu International Airport from 2 nm to 1 nm. Descent from 454 ft agl to 223 ft agl. A decrease of 231 ft in 33 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 2.0 °1.9 ° min to max 2.2 °Target 3.0 ° 2.2 2.1 °
100 % Average speed 105 kt100 kt min to max 114 kt 114 100 kt
100 % Heading variation 1.0 °0.6 ° min to max 1.3 ° 1.3 0.6 °
95 % Average bank angle 1.0 °0.0 ° min to max 4.7 ° 4.7 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.95 g min to max 1.06 g 1.06 1.00 g
Info Average VSI -432 fpm-886 fpm min to max -145 fpm -886 -175 fpm
Info Average altitude 312 ft agl223 ft agl min to max 454 ft agl 454 223 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 0.5 °-2.0 ° min to max 2.1 ° -2.0 1.6 °
11.251.51.752150200250300350400450500550600650700750Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft11.251.51.752-140-105-70-3503570105140Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Final 1 99.93Approaching runway 25 at LRBS Bucharest Băneasa Aurel Vlaicu International Airport from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 219 ft agl to 50 ft agl. A decrease of 170 ft in 29 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 2.6 °2.1 ° min to max 2.8 °Target 3.0 ° 2.1 2.8 °
100 % Average speed 97 kt96 kt min to max 100 kt 100 96 kt
100 % Heading variation 0.2 °0.1 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.4 0.2 °
99.6 % Average bank angle 1.4 °0.0 ° min to max 3.2 ° 1.2 3.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.95 g min to max 1.04 g 0.98 0.98 g
Info Average VSI -361 fpm-445 fpm min to max -193 fpm -193 -379 fpm
Info Average altitude 89 ft agl50 ft agl min to max 219 ft agl 219 50 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 1.2 °0.4 ° min to max 2.0 ° 1.5 1.1 °
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-60-45-30-15015304560Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Landing 73.92Landing on runway 25 at LRBS Bucharest Băneasa Aurel Vlaicu International Airport, runway length 2,950 m. Threshold height at 56 ft agl was slightly above target. Threshold speed was well above target at 96 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was well above target at 96 kt. Target 83 kt
98 % Threshold height at 56 ft agl was slightly above target.Target 50 ft agl
0 % Very poor landing flare
100 % Runway alignment max 0.10 m left0.10 m left to 0.05 m left 0.05 0.08 m
95 % Average bank angle 0.9 °0.0 ° min to max 4.1 ° 3.5 0.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.92 g min to max 1.11 g 0.98 0.98 g
Info Average speed 92 kt88 kt min to max 96 kt 96 88 kt
Info Average VSI -143 fpm-382 fpm min to max -12 fpm -380 -141 fpm
Info Average altitude 29 ft agl10 ft agl min to max 56 ft agl 56 10 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 2.8 °1.2 ° min to max 3.5 ° 1.2 2.3 °
0751502253003754505256006757508259009751,0501,12501123344657Runway Distance mLanding Height ft0751502253003754505256006757508259009751,0501,125-25-20-15-10-50510152025Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 80.02Touchdown point was 557 m beyond the touchdown zone. Touchdown speed at 88 kt was fast. Touchdown rate was smooth at -141 fpm. Runway touchdown position was misaligned by 9.4 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 15 °C. Wind 2 kt at 270 °. Crosswind: 1 kt Headwind: 2 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
99 % Touchdown rate was -141 fpm.
0 % Touchdown distance was 986 mTarget 457 m
94 % Speed at touchdown 88 ktTarget below 77 kt
77 % Runway alignment max 9.44 m left9.22 m left 9.13 9.44 m
100 % Average bank angle 0.2 °0.1 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.3 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.08 g0.98 g min to max 1.17 g 0.98 1.06 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 88 kt88 kt min to max 88 kt 88 88 kt
Info Average pitch angle 1.3 °0.4 ° min to max 2.3 ° 2.3 0.4 °
Arrival Rollout 84.20Total landing distance 1,244 m, 42 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was slightly misaligned by 12.7 m from centreline.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 1,244 m42 % of runway.
65 % Runway alignment max 12.68 m left12.68 m left to 0.00 m left 9.50 4.67 m
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.96 g min to max 1.05 g 1.05 0.99 g
Info Average speed 81 kt44 kt min to max 86 kt 86 44 kt
Info Average pitch angle -0.4 °-1.7 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.4 -1.6 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.1 0.0 °
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 23 kt
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 21 kt10 kt min to max 37 kt 37 28 kt
Info Average pitch angle -0.8 °-1.6 ° min to max -0.3 ° -1.6 -1.3 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.0 0.1 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 0.99 1.01 g

Events

Info Flaps Fully Retracted 3 ft agl · 15 kt
Arrival Taxi 10.05Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 2 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Average speed 27 kt1 kt min to max 45 kt 22 5 kt
0 % Average speed turning corners 17 ktmax 35 kt 0 0 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 0.99 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle -0.7 °-1.7 ° min to max -0.5 ° -1.6 -1.5 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.2 0.0 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights
Fail Taxi Lights

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Lifted off at 107 kt with 3.1° of pitch.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.

180 kt12060020°10°0°LIFTOFF3.1° off5° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH0306090 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchClimb 3

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 m 35 kt -0.6° 0 s
80 kt356 m 80 kt -1.2° 11.6 s
Liftoff842 m · target 84 107 kt 3.1° 21.6 s
35 ft1,114 m · 4.8 s after liftoff 113 kt 4.8° 26.3 s
End of Climb 35,989 m · 944 ft 144 kt 6.7° 96 s

Takeoff from LGTS 34

Takeoff roll100.00
1,165m48 %
Liftoff speed57.62
107kttarget 84, 23 fast
Runway alignment89.78
5.85m R
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Rate of climb99.30
439fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 944 ft. The distance scale changes past the runway end.

Reached 35 ft with 1,004 m of runway left; then climbing at 760 fpm on average to 944 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.

1,000 ft500 ft0CLIMB 3THRESHOLDRUNWAY END6080KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLLiftoff 107 ktSCALE CHANGES3.9 km past the runway
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runwayClimb 3

Plan view the roll down the 2,431 m runway.

Rolled from 313 m in, drifted right of the centreline, 5.8 m at the widest, and lifted off 3.5 m right. Airborne 47 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

5001,0001,5002,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓CROSS1 kn75 %widest 5.81 m RROLL 313 M INAirborne 1,155 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 1,155 m of 2,431 m · 48 %
Behind the start of the roll, 313 mTakeoff roll, 842 m Left ahead, 1,276 m

The stabilisation gates

Two stabilised approach gates, each with seven checks, where the approach path is 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway.

Seven checks, two gates1,000 ft 500 ft
Gear down
Landing flap
Sink rate
On glideslope
On centreline
On speed
Wings level

At the 1,000 ft gate: centreline more than 1° off.

At the 500 ft gate: centreline more than 1° off.

When the approach was stable

Never every check met at once: left of the centreline all the way, banked until 3.7 nm and fast until 1.8 nm.

How to read this

Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.

Landing flapSink rateOn glideslopeOn centrelineOn speedWings levelAll checks4 nm321THR
Check metNot metStabilisation gate

The approach to LRBS 25

The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.

Inside the glideslope band from 4 nm to the threshold, never more than 360 ft below the slope.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.

5001,0001,5002,0002,500 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 2° BAND9635542421781,000 ft gate6 of 7on centreline994 ft · 161 kt500 ft gate6 of 7on centreline373 ft · 109 kt
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height thereStabilisation gate

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.

Joined 314 m left of the centreline.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR305 m L0305 m RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND115 m L148 m L39 m L17 m L314 m L90 m L
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 43 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 26 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.

Fast from 4 nm to 1.8 nm (up to +92 kt), then inside the band to the threshold.

How to read this

Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.

80100120140160180 kt4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRAPPROACH SPEED 86+92 kt+34 kt+15 kt+12 kt+10 kt
Your airspeedApproach speedWhat the gates allowOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Landing and touchdown on LRBS 25

Over the threshold

Threshold height97.80
55ft
Threshold speed100.00
95kttarget 86, 9 fast
Centreline offset100.00
0.10m L

Touchdown

Past threshold0.00
986m
Centreline76.70
9.44m L
Speed94.37
88kttarget 83, 5 fast
Touchdown rate98.56
-148fpm
Impact100.00
1.17G
BouncesOk
None
The flare0.00

Very poor landing flare

The crosswind

No crosswind: nothing to correct for. Touched down with the nose 2° left of the track, wings level.

Wind 270° at 2 kt · 2 kt head · 0 kt across

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

The stop

From 87 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 11 s, an average deceleration of 0.31 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

02040608010060 kt · 235 m30 kt · 312 mtouchdown325 mkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 55 ft, close to the 50 ft target. Touched down 986 m in, 681 m past the ideal 305 m.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,524 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

55 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 −148 fpm · 2.3° nose up · 88 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 55 ft, down at 986 m

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 350 fpm at 55 ft to 150 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 1.1° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,0000°5°10°touchdown−148 fpm at touchdown2.3° at touchdown
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 2,950 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down 9.4 m left of the centreline and drifted to 13 m left on the rollout.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended.

5001,0001,500 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ FULL SCORE TO 503 M 986 m past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

Touched down 986 m past the threshold — beyond the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 1,217 m of 2,950 m · 41 %
In the air over the runway, 986 mRollout, 231 m Left over, 1,732 m
Rollout distance100.00
231m41 % used
Rollout alignment64.89
12.68m L

The rest of the report

Explore in detail

Flight narrative

The flight began with a departure roll from runway 34 at LGTS Thessaloniki Macedonia International Airport, where the DA62 aircraft took off after covering a distance of 857 meters, which is 35% of the runway. The liftoff speed was 107 knots. At the time of departure, the local weather conditions were characterized by a temperature of 16°C, a wind speed of 2 knots from 270°, with a crosswind of 2 knots and a headwind of 0 knots.

As the aircraft climbed, it started its enroute climb 1 mile south of Kalamaria, Central Macedonia, Greece, at an altitude of 987 feet above sea level. The climb continued until the aircraft reached an altitude of 11,007 feet above sea level, an increase of 10,020 feet in 13 minutes, covering a distance of 36 nautical miles. The enroute level cruise then started 2 miles southwest of Skotoussa, Central Macedonia, Greece, and lasted for 58 minutes, covering a distance of 200 nautical miles.

The enroute descent began 4 miles southeast of Toporu, Giurgiu, Romania, where the aircraft descended from an altitude of 11,008 feet above sea level to 2,001 feet above sea level, a decrease of 9,007 feet in 9 minutes, covering a distance of 31 nautical miles. The enroute level cruise then started 1 mile northeast of Berceni, Ilfov, Romania, and lasted for 12 minutes, covering a distance of 11 nautical miles.

The final approach to runway 25 at LRBS Bucharest Băneasa Aurel Vlaicu International Airport was made from the east, heading 256.0° at a distance of 3 nautical miles and an altitude of 1,010 feet above ground level. The landing was made on runway 25, which has a length of 2,950 meters. The threshold height at 56 feet above ground level was slightly above the target, while the threshold speed was well above the target at 96 knots.

The touchdown point was 556 meters beyond the touchdown zone, with a touchdown speed of 88 knots, which was fast. The touchdown rate was smooth at -141 feet per minute. However, the runway touchdown position was misaligned by 9.4 meters from the centerline. The local weather conditions at the time of landing were characterized by a temperature of 15°C, a wind speed of 2 knots from 270°, with a crosswind of 1 knot and a headwind of 2 knots.

The total landing distance was 1,244 meters, which is 42% of the runway. The runway rollout alignment was slightly misaligned by 12.7 meters from the centerline. The taxiing to the parking from the runway took 2 minutes and covered less than 1 nautical mile. The total flight distance was 286 nautical miles, and the flight used 96 kilograms of fuel.

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