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KCHO
Charlottesville, United States
Runway 03
Elevation636 ft asl
Weight34,159 kg
Fuel4,291 kg
WindCalm

Flight Score

98.53 %
KLGA
New York, United States
Runway 04
Elevation10 ft asl
Weight32,433 kg
Fuel2,493 kg
Wind180° · 6 kn · 3 kn cross
27 Oct 2026 1:01 300 nm CRJ900 1,798 kg
Departure Score
100.00 %
Enroute Score
100.00 %
Arrival Score
95.60 %

What went well

Straight touchdown — 1.31 m off the centreline, no bounce
Flare on profile — 98 %
Rollout held the centreline — 2.57 m off at taxi speed

What held you back

Arrival Touchdown — Touchdown distance was 890 m at 53 %, −0.48 points
Firm touchdown — 314 fpm, −0.45 points across the landing and the touchdown
  • Arrival Touchdown · sink rate 314 fpm−0.40
  • Arrival Landing · flare: the descent was not taken out−0.03
  • Arrival Touchdown · 1.33 G at contact−0.02
Arrival Rollout — Landing distance 1,649 m at 91 %, −0.28 points

Next time

Arrival

Reduce power earlier on final to bring threshold speed back to 131 kt.

What happened: You crossed the threshold at 148 kt against a target of 131 kt, and touchdown ended up well past the normal point. Carrying excess threshold speed usually carries the touchdown long as the aircraft floats before settling.

Watch for: Airspeed indicator, targeting 131 kt at the threshold.

See Arrival LandingArrival Touchdown

Ground effect becomes significant below about one wingspan of height. A Cessna 172, with a 36 ft span, enters ground effect at flare height - the float it feels in the hold-off is ground effect arriving on cue. An A320, with a span around 117 ft, has been in ground effect since before the threshold and there is no sudden cushion to feel, only a gradual reduction in induced drag that lengthens any float you allow.

Read more in Flare Timing

Start to finish · 15 stages, 13 in the score

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 100.00Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 7 minutes and covered 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 12 kt0 kt min to max 20 kt 0 5 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 1 ktmax 1 kt 0 0 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle -1.8 °-2.3 ° min to max 11.7 ° -2.1 -2.1 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.2 0.1 °

Events

Info Battery Master On 7 ft agl
Info Engine 1 Started 7 ft agl
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 7 ft agl
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 7 ft agl
Info Autopilot Master Switched On 7 ft agl
Info Autopilot Wing Leveler Activated 7 ft agl
Info Autopilot Flight Director Activated 7 ft agl
Info Autopilot Yaw Damper Activated 7 ft agl
Info Landing Gear Down 7 ft agl
Info Parking Brake On 7 ft agl
Info Parking Brake Off 7 ft agl
Info Parking Brake On 7 ft agl
Info Engine 2 Started 7 ft agl
Info Flaps Position 2 7 ft agl
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 7 ft agl
Info Landing Lights Switched On 7 ft agl
Info Parking Brake Off 7 ft agl
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 7 ft agl
Info Parking Brake On 7 ft agl
Info Parking Brake Off 7 ft agl
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 03 at KCHO Charlottesville Albemarle Airport, Average speed was 3 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 3 kt0 kt min to max 6 kt 6 0 kt
Info Average pitch angle -2.1 °-2.2 ° min to max -2.0 ° -2.1 -2.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.1 ° 0.1 0.0 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g
Departure Roll 100.00Departure roll runway 03 at KCHO Charlottesville Albemarle Airport. Takeoff distance 1,538 m 74 % of runway. Rotation speed was 147 kt. Local weather - Temperature 21 °C. .
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 1,538 m74 % of runway
100 % Rotation speed was 147 ktTarget 146 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 3.83 m right0.00 m left to 3.83 m right -2.72 -3.83 m
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.96 g min to max 1.05 g 1.00 1.00 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle -1.7 °-2.4 ° min to max 7.8 ° -2.0 7.8 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.0 0.2 °

Events

Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 7 ft agl
Departure Climb 1 100.00Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 03 KCHO Charlottesville Albemarle Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.2 °0.1 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.1 0.2 °
100 % Average speed 161 kt158 kt min to max 165 kt 158 165 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.2 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.17 g1.02 g min to max 1.22 g 1.02 1.19 g
Info Average VSI 673 fpm250 fpm min to max 1,183 fpm 250 1,183 fpm
Info Average altitude 5 ft agl-1 ft agl min to max 26 ft agl 0 26 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 11.4 °8.2 ° min to max 13.5 ° 8.2 13.5 °

Events

Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 11 ft agl · 162 kt
Info Autopilot Flight Level Change Activated 11 ft agl · 162 kt
Departure Climb 2 100.00Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 03 KCHO Charlottesville Albemarle Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.2 °0.2 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.2 0.3 °
100 % Average speed 167 kt165 kt min to max 170 kt 165 170 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.3 °0.2 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.2 0.7 °
100 % Average g force 1.11 g1.05 g min to max 1.19 g 1.19 1.05 g
Info Average VSI 1,679 fpm1,207 fpm min to max 3,091 fpm 1,207 3,091 fpm
Info Average altitude 68 ft agl27 ft agl min to max 296 ft agl 27 296 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 13.6 °13.0 ° min to max 16.7 ° 13.5 16.7 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Up 131 ft agl · 170 kt
Departure Climb 3 100.00Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 03 KCHO Charlottesville Albemarle Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Climb speed 170 kt169 kt min to max 170 ktTarget 166 kt, 4 kt fast 170 169 kt
100 % Average bank angle 1.3 °0.7 ° min to max 3.1 ° 0.7 2.0 °
100 % Average g force 0.98 g0.95 g min to max 1.02 g 1.02 0.95 g
100 % Landing gear up at 60 ft aglTarget by 400 ft agl
Info Heading variation 0.4 °0.3 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.3 0.4 °
Info Average VSI 3,571 fpm3,268 fpm min to max 3,734 fpm 3,268 3,728 fpm
Info Average altitude 570 ft agl349 ft agl min to max 828 ft agl 349 828 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 17.3 °16.8 ° min to max 17.5 ° 16.8 17.3 °

Events

Info Autopilot Wing Leveler Deactivated 641 ft agl · 173 kt
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Activated 641 ft agl · 173 kt
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started 1 mile north of KCHO Charlottesville Albemarle Airport Charlottesville (Virginia, United States). Climbing from 1,523 ft asl to 32,436 ft asl, an increase of 30,914 ft in 16 minutes and covering 112 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 281 kt168 kt min to max 321 kt 169 277 kt
100 % Average bank angle 13.6 °0.0 ° min to max 30.7 ° 0.5 4.9 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g0.81 g min to max 1.29 g 0.95 0.94 g
Info Average VSI 2,246 fpm546 fpm min to max 5,259 fpm 3,718 978 fpm
Info Average altitude 17,945 ft asl1,523 ft asl min to max 32,436 ft asl 1,523 32,436 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 6.4 °2.0 ° min to max 17.3 ° 17.3 3.2 °
Info Turn coordination 1-22 min to max 31 5 1

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 1,973 ft agl · 182 kt
Info Autopilot Flight Level Change Deactivated 2,072 ft agl · 192 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 2,075 ft agl · 198 kt
Info Autopilot Flight Level Change Activated 2,088 ft agl · 200 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 2,452 ft agl · 223 kt
Info Autopilot Flight Level Change Deactivated 2,452 ft agl · 223 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 2,905 ft agl · 231 kt
Info Autopilot Flight Level Change Activated 2,905 ft agl · 231 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 9,978 ft agl · 294 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched Off 10,038 ft agl · 294 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 11,192 ft agl · 300 kt
Info Autopilot Flight Level Change Deactivated 11,192 ft agl · 300 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 12,421 ft agl · 339 kt
Info Autopilot Flight Level Change Activated 12,421 ft agl · 339 kt
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started 3 miles east of Chesapeake Ranch Estates (Maryland, United States) and lasted 3 minutes, covering 25 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±2,129 ft of 32,939 ft asl32,588 ft asl min to max 33,017 ft asl 32,588 32,781 ft asl
100 % Average speed 278 kt266 kt min to max 284 kt 276 266 kt
100 % Average bank angle 12.2 °0.0 ° min to max 21.5 ° 0.4 1.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g0.92 g min to max 1.11 g 0.94 1.11 g
Info Turn coordination 2-14 min to max 17 4 1
Info Average pitch angle 2.5 °0.6 ° min to max 3.3 ° 3.3 0.6 °

Events

Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 33,562 ft agl · 454 kt
Info Autopilot Flight Level Change Deactivated 33,562 ft agl · 454 kt
Enroute Descent 100.00Enroute descent started 3 miles west of Preston (Maryland, United States). Descent from 32,450 ft asl to 1,310 ft asl, a decrease of 31,140 ft in 28 minutes and covering 154 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 227 kt140 kt min to max 302 kt 264 140 kt
100 % Average bank angle 1.3 °0.0 ° min to max 17.7 ° 0.2 0.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.89 g min to max 1.25 g 0.99 1.00 g
Info Average VSI -980 fpm-1,938 fpm min to max 30 fpm -1,935 -671 fpm
Info Average altitude 10,504 ft asl1,310 ft asl min to max 32,450 ft asl 32,450 1,310 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 0.7 °-1.6 ° min to max 4.5 ° 0.1 0.3 °
Info Turn coordination 0-10 min to max 18 1 0

Events

Fail Landing Lights OFF should be ON 7,284 ft agl
Info Landing Lights Switched On 6,866 ft agl · 271 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 6,824 ft agl · 271 kt
Info Autopilot Approach Localizer Activated 5,582 ft agl · 272 kt
Info Autopilot Wing Leveler Activated 5,448 ft agl · 270 kt
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Deactivated 5,448 ft agl · 270 kt
Info Autopilot Wing Leveler Deactivated 4,315 ft agl · 257 kt
Info Autopilot Approach Mode Activated 4,315 ft agl · 257 kt
Info Autopilot Approach Captured Activated 4,315 ft agl · 257 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 2,918 ft agl · 233 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 2,747 ft agl · 223 kt
Info Flaps Position 3 2,512 ft agl · 207 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 1,932 ft agl · 166 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Arm Armed 1,802 ft agl · 160 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Hold Activated 1,802 ft agl · 160 kt
Info Flaps Position 4 1,725 ft agl · 157 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 1,696 ft agl · 144 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Active Activated 1,722 ft agl · 145 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Arm Disarmed 1,722 ft agl · 145 kt
Info Flaps Position 5 1,641 ft agl · 147 kt
Arrival Approach 100.00Final approach to runway 04 at KLGA LaGuardia Airport. Descent from 1,336 ft agl to 80 ft agl in 99 seconds. Scored on the stabilisation gates.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Gear downpassed at both gates
100 % Landing flappassed at both gates
100 % Sink ratepassed at both gates
100 % On glideslopepassed at both gates
100 % On centrelinepassed at both gates
100 % On speedpassed at both gates
100 % Wings levelpassed at both gates

Events

Info Autopilot Approach Mode Deactivated 489 ft agl · 140 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Active Deactivated 489 ft agl · 140 kt
Info Autopilot Glideslope Arm Armed 489 ft agl · 140 kt
Info Autopilot Approach Captured Deactivated 489 ft agl · 140 kt
Info Autopilot Bank Hold Activated 489 ft agl · 140 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 238 ft agl · 144 kt
Arrival Landing 95.61Landing on runway 04 at KLGA LaGuardia Airport, runway length 2,135 m. Threshold height at 56 ft agl was slightly above target. Threshold speed was well above target at 148 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
87 % Threshold speed was well above target at 148 kt. Target 131 kt
97 % Threshold height at 56 ft agl was slightly above target.Target 50 ft agl
98 % The flare tracked the target profile closely. Crossing the threshold 17 kt above target, the aircraft floated down the runway before touching. Touchdown was 890 m past the threshold. The flare cannot burn off excess energy - fix the approach speed and the float goes with it.
100 % Runway alignment max 1.40 m left1.40 m left to 0.91 m right 1.40 -0.81 m
100 % Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 1.4 ° 1.4 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.95 g min to max 1.07 g 1.06 0.96 g
Info Average speed 141 kt127 kt min to max 148 kt 148 127 kt
Info Average VSI -320 fpm-649 fpm min to max -78 fpm -649 -304 fpm
Info Average altitude 12 ft agl-9 ft agl min to max 56 ft agl 56 -9 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 1.7 °-0.8 ° min to max 3.1 ° -0.0 3.1 °
0751502253003754505256006757508259009751,05001123344657Runway Distance mLanding Height ft0751502253003754505256006757508259009751,050-24-20-16-12-8-404812162024Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 86.59Touchdown point was 472 m beyond the touchdown zone. Touchdown speed at 127 kt was good. Touchdown rate was firm at -314 fpm. Runway touchdown alignment was perfect. Local weather - Temperature 13 °C. Wind 6 kt at 180 °. Crosswind: 3 kt Tailwind: 5 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
70 % Touchdown rate was -314 fpm.
53 % Touchdown distance was 890 mTarget 457 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 127 ktTarget below 131 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 1.31 m right1.02 m right -0.81 -1.31 m
98 % Average bank angle 1.6 °0.1 ° min to max 2.5 ° 0.1 2.5 °
95 % Average g force 1.12 g0.96 g min to max 1.33 g 0.96 1.18 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 126 kt125 kt min to max 127 kt 127 125 kt
Info Average pitch angle 3.1 °3.1 ° min to max 3.2 ° 3.1 3.2 °
Arrival Rollout 95.80Total landing distance 1,649 m, 77 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was very good.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
91 % Landing distance 1,649 m77 % of runway.
100 % Runway alignment max 4.12 m right0.00 m left to 4.12 m right -3.58 -2.57 m
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.96 g min to max 1.14 g 1.14 0.97 g
Info Average speed 105 kt66 kt min to max 128 kt 128 66 kt
Info Average pitch angle -1.1 °-2.5 ° min to max 3.3 ° 3.2 -2.1 °
Info Average bank angle 0.5 °0.0 ° min to max 2.6 ° 2.5 0.0 °
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 42 kt
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 44 kt9 kt min to max 64 kt 64 9 kt
Info Average pitch angle -2.0 °-2.5 ° min to max -1.8 ° -2.1 -2.3 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 2.3 ° 0.0 0.5 °
Info Average g force 0.99 g0.97 g min to max 1.01 g 0.97 1.00 g
Arrival Taxi 100.00Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 6 minutes and covered 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 13 kt0 kt min to max 22 kt 8 0 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 11 ktmax 12 kt 0 0 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle -2.1 °-2.3 ° min to max -1.8 ° -2.3 -2.1 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 1.0 ° 0.4 0.0 °

Events

Info Parking Brake On 7 ft agl · 3 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 7 ft agl · 3 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 7 ft agl · 4 kt
Info Parking Brake On 7 ft agl · 4 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 7 ft agl · 3 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 7 ft agl · 3 kt

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Rotated at 147 kt, on the 146 kt target, and lifted off at 157 kt 3.2 s later, the nose coming up at 3.1° a second. Climb 3 held close to its 166 kt target, at 170 kt on average.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The dashed green line is the speed to rotate at for this aircraft at its weight, and the green dot is where the nose started to come up. The figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up, in degrees a second. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.

Climb 3 target 166180 kt12060020°10°0°ROTATELIFTOFFtarget 1468.2° off · 3.1°/s13° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH02040 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchRotation speed targetRotation beganClimb 3

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 m 6 kt -2.0° 0 s
80 kt347 m 80 kt -2.0° 16.3 s
Rotate1,234 m · target 146 147 kt -1.8° 31.1 s
Liftoff1,495 m · +10 kt from rotation 157 kt 8.2° 34.3 s
35 ft1,833 m · 4.0 s after liftoff 166 kt 13.3° 38.3 s
Gear up1,986 m · 60 ft · full marks to 400 ft 168 kt 14.0° 40.5 s
Climb 32,513 m · 349 ft to 828 ft · target 166 170 kt avg 16.8° 46.8 s
End of Climb 33,210 m · 828 ft 169 kt 17.3° 54.2 s

Takeoff from KCHO 03

Taxi lightsOk
Set
Takeoff roll100.00
1,538m74 %
Rotation speed100.00
147kttarget 146, 1 fast
Liftoff speed
157kt
Runway alignment100.00
3.83m R
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Gear up100.00
60ftfull marks to 400 ft
Climb 3 speed100.00
170kttarget 166
Rate of climb100.00
672fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 828 ft.

Reached 35 ft with 191 m of runway left; gear up at 60 ft, inside the 400 ft that gets full marks; then climbing at 2,500 fpm on average to 828 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The gear-up ring is coloured by its mark. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.

1,000 ft500 ft0CLIMB 3170 kt avgtarget 166THRESHOLDRUNWAY END6080100120KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLRotate 147 kttarget 146Liftoff 157 ktGear up 60 ftfull marks to 400 ft
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runwayGear upClimb 3

Plan view the roll down the 2,076 m runway.

Rolled from 52 m in, drifted right of the centreline, 3.9 m at the widest, and lifted off 3.9 m right. Airborne 74 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length.

5001,0001,5002,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓75 %widest 3.87 m RROLL 52 M INAirborne 1,547 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 1,547 m of 2,076 m · 75 %
Behind the start of the roll, 52 mTakeoff roll, 1,495 m Left ahead, 528 m

The stabilisation gates

Two stabilised approach gates, each with seven checks, where the approach path is 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway. They are the approach's score: the checks passed out of the checks that ran.

Seven checks, two gates1,000 ft 100.007 of 7500 ft 100.007 of 7
Gear down
Landing flap
Sink rate710 fpm710 fpm
On glideslope3.1°3.1°
On centreline0.0° off0.1° off
On speed+13 kt+9.9 kt
Wings level0° bank0° bank

When the approach was stable

Every check met from 4 nm to 0.6 nm, then not again: fast from 0.6 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.

Gear downLanding flapSink rateOn glideslopeOn centrelineOn speedWings levelAll checks4 nm321THR
Check metNot metStabilisation gate

The approach to KLGA 04

The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 1° band in green.

Inside the glideslope band from 4 nm to the threshold, never more than 20 ft above the slope.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.

5001,0001,5002,000 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 1° BAND1,3136893822121,000 ft gate7 of 71,067 ft · 144 kt500 ft gate7 of 7543 ft · 141 kt
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height thereStabilisation gate

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 52× larger than distances along the final.

Inside the 1° band all the way from 4 nm, never more than 6 m off the centreline.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR18 m L018 m RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND5 m R2 m R4 m R3 m L2 m R4 m R
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 33 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 20 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.

Inside the speed band from 4 nm to 0.6 nm, then fast to the threshold (up to +17 kt).

How to read this

Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.

120140160180 kt4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRAPPROACH SPEED 131+10 kt+10 kt+11 kt+15 kt+17 kt
Your airspeedApproach speedWhat the gates allowOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Landing and touchdown on KLGA 04

Over the threshold

Threshold height97.02
56ft
Threshold speed87.39
148kttarget 131, 17 fast
Centreline offset100.00
1.40m L

Touchdown

Past threshold52.68
890m
Centreline100.00
1.31m R
Speed100.00
126kttarget 131 or less
Touchdown rate70.16
-314fpm
Impact95.43
1.33G
BouncesOk
None
The flare98.04

The flare tracked the target profile closely. Crossing the threshold 17 kt above target, the aircraft floated down the runway before touching. Touchdown was 890 m past the threshold. The flare cannot burn off excess energy - fix the approach speed and the float goes with it.

The crosswind

3 kt across from the right, which takes about 1° of crab to hold the centreline at 127 kt. Touched down with 1° of it still on, wings level.

Wind 180° at 6 kt · 5 kt tail · 3 kt across

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

The stop

From 130 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 30 s, an average deceleration of 0.17 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

0408012060 kt · 775 m30 kt · 1,136 mtouchdown1,181 mkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

Side view — the last 1,729 m of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 56 ft, close to the 50 ft target; began the flare at 30 ft. Touched down 890 m in, 585 m past the ideal 305 m.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,729 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

56 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 Flare 30 ft · −418 fpm · 0.5° · 148 ktdescent slowed at 15 ft · −20 fpm · 2.7°−314 fpm · 3.1° nose up · 127 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 56 ft, down at 890 m

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 420 fpm at the flare to 20 fpm at 15 ft, then back up to 310 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 2.6° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,000−1°4°10°flaredescent slowedtouchdown−314 fpm at touchdown3.1° at touchdown, +2.6° from the flare
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the first 1,729 m of the 2,135 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down on the centreline, and stayed about there down the rollout, 4.1 m right at the widest.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

5001,0001,500 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ CROSS 3 kn FULL SCORE TO 503 M 890 m past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

Touched down 890 m past the threshold — beyond the full-score zone. The 314 fpm arrival was firm.

Runway used 1,607 m of 2,135 m · 75 %
In the air over the runway, 890 mRollout, 717 m Left over, 528 m
Rollout distance98.44
717m75 % used
Rollout alignment100.00
4.12m R

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Flight narrative

The CRJ900 taxied from the parking area to runway 03 at KCHO Charlottesville Albemarle Airport, a movement that lasted 7 minutes and covered 1 nm.

Take-off was performed on runway 03 with a take-off roll of 1,538 m, using 74 % of the runway. Rotation occurred at 147 kt. Local temperature at departure was 21 °C.

Initial climb to 1,000 ft agl took 17 seconds, averaging 2,280 fpm and reaching 169 kt at the top of the segment.

The climb continued from 1,523 ft asl to 32,436 ft asl in 16 minutes, covering 112 nm, beginning about 1 mile north of KCHO.

Level flight was held at 32,900 ft asl for 3 minutes, covering 25 nm, beginning about 3 miles east of Chesapeake Ranch Estates.

Descent from 32,450 ft asl to 1,310 ft asl lasted 28 minutes and covered 154 nm, beginning about 3 miles west of Preston.

Final approach to runway 04 at KLGA LaGuardia Airport began with a descent from 1,336 ft agl to 80 ft agl in 99 seconds. Stabilisation checks at 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway were met for gear down, landing flap, sink rate, glideslope, centreline, speed and wings level. Configuration on final was gear down at 1,932 ft agl and 166 kt, and final flap position 5 at 1,641 ft agl and 147 kt.

Landing was made on runway 04 (runway length 2,135 m). Threshold height at 56 ft agl was slightly above target and threshold speed was 148 kt, well above target. The flare was described as excellent; the aircraft floated before touchdown. Touchdown occurred 472 m beyond the touchdown zone at 127 kt, with a firm rate of minus 314 fpm and perfect alignment. No bounce was observed.

Total landing distance was 1,649 m, 77 % of the runway, and rollout alignment was very good. Local weather at landing was temperature 13 °C, wind 6 kt from 180°, crosswind 3 kt, tailwind 5 kt.

After landing, the aircraft taxied to the parking area, a movement that took 6 minutes and covered 1 nm.

The flight covered a total of 300 nm in 61 minutes and used 1,798 kg of fuel.

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