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MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Departure
Hold the nose down a touch longer and let speed build to 100 kt before liftoff.
What happened: The aircraft lifted off at 87 kt, 13 kt below the 100 kt target.
Watch for: Airspeed indicator: 100 kt at liftoff
See Departure Roll
Arrival
Fly the flare as one continuous check of the sink rate from 23 ft, holding back pressure steadily rather than adjusting pitch piecemeal.
What happened: The flare drifted away from its intended profile rather than tracking it smoothly from 23 ft down to touchdown.
Watch for: Watch radio altitude and VSI through the flare, aiming to arrest the sink smoothly from 23 ft to touchdown.
See Arrival Landing
Arrive slow and the sink rate at the threshold is already above schedule, the flare is short because there is no energy to extend it, and the touchdown is hard in a way that feels exactly like a late flare. Diagnosing a slow arrival as a late flare is the catastrophic misread: you respond by flaring earlier, which bleeds more speed, which makes the next one worse. The tiebreaker is threshold speed against VRef, not feel. Never diagnose a flare without it.
Read more in Flare TimingStart to finish · 14 stages, 13 in the score
Events
Events
Events
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Events
From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.
Lifted off at 86 kt with 6.3° of pitch.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then.
The takeoff, point by point
Side view from the start of the roll to 551 ft.
Reached 35 ft with 1,894 m of runway left; then climbing at 1,210 fpm on average to 551 ft.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length.
Plan view the roll down the 2,737 m runway.
Rolled from 54 m in, drifted right of the centreline, 1.9 m at the widest, and lifted off 1.9 m right. Airborne 20 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length.
One stabilised approach gate for a circuit: seven checks where the approach path is 500 ft above the runway. The 1,000 ft gate is an instrument-approach check and does not apply.
When the approach was stable
Every check met from 2.1 nm, about 730 ft above the runway, to the threshold, before the 500 ft gate. The last to settle was the centreline.
Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.
The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.
Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.
Inside the glideslope band from 4 nm to the threshold, never more than 150 ft below the slope.
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.
Joined 271 m right of the centreline, then inside it from 3.7 to 2.8 nm, then drifted 105 m left between 2.8 and 2.1 nm, then inside the band from 2.1 nm to the threshold.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 49 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 29 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.
Inside the speed band all the way, between −3 kt and +6 kt on the approach speed of 97 kt.
Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.
Over the threshold
Touchdown
Very poor landing flare
No crosswind: nothing to correct for. Touched down with the nose 5° right of the track, wings level.
Wind 270° at 1 kt · 1 kt tail · 0 kt across
The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.
Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.
Crossed the threshold at 68 ft, 18 ft above the 50 ft target. Touched down 932 m in, 627 m past the ideal 305 m.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,524 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
The sink went from 440 fpm at 67 ft to 160 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 5.5° on the way down.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 2,737 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down 14 m left of the centreline.
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended.
Touched down 932 m past the threshold — beyond the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.
The rest of the report
The flight began with a departure roll from runway 30 at EGPK Glasgow Prestwick Airport. The Cessna 414A aircraft accelerated down the runway, covering a distance of 517 meters, which accounted for 19% of the runway's length. The liftoff speed was achieved at 87 knots, marking the start of the flight.
As the aircraft entered the local airspace, it encountered a relatively calm environment, with a temperature of 16 degrees Celsius and a gentle wind of 1 knot blowing from the northwest. The aircraft then entered a left-hand pattern, navigating the circuit from runway 30. The entry into the pattern was swift, with the aircraft covering less than 1 nautical mile in 188 seconds.
The left-hand pattern crosswind leg was slightly longer, requiring the aircraft to cover 2 nautical miles in 41 seconds. The pilot then initiated a pattern downwind turn, which involved a 5-nautical-mile distance and an angle of 45 degrees to the runway. This was followed by a downwind leg, where the aircraft covered 1 nautical mile in 39 seconds.
As the aircraft began its final approach to runway 12, it was heading northwest at an altitude of 1,010 feet above ground level. The approach was made from the north-west, with the aircraft maintaining a steady heading of 115 degrees. The landing was executed on the 2,737-meter-long runway, with the threshold height being above the target at 70 feet above ground level.
The touchdown speed was well above the target at 100 knots, but the touchdown point was 497 meters beyond the touchdown zone. The touchdown speed of 72 knots was considered good, and the touchdown rate of -77 feet per minute was excellent. However, the runway touchdown position was misaligned by 13.7 meters from the centerline, likely due to the tailwind of 1 knot.
The flight concluded with a total distance of 9 nautical miles, which was covered in 8 minutes. The aircraft used 12 kilograms of fuel during the flight, indicating a relatively efficient operation.
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