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EGFF
Cardiff, Wales
Runway 30
Elevation207 ft asl
Weight1,104 kg
Fuel105 kg
Wind270° · 6 kn · 3 kn cross

Flight Score

93.89 %
EGFF
Cardiff, Wales
Runway 30
Elevation207 ft asl
Weight1,103 kg
Fuel207 kg
Wind268° · 10 kn · 5 kn cross
16 Mar 2024 0:11 4 nm PA28 Arrow III
Departure Score
91.64 %
Enroute Score
100.00 %
Arrival Score
87.52 %

What went well

Touched down at -88 fpm — a soft arrival
Touchdown 332 m in — inside the full-score zone
Straight touchdown — 1.00 m off the centreline, no bounce

What held you back

Arrival Landing — Landing and flare profile at 24 %, −3.21 points
Departure Roll — landing lights off should be on, then strobe light off should be on; Runway alignment max 8.99 m at 85 %, −1.08 points
Arrival Final 1 — Approach angle 1.7 ° at 74 %, bank angle up to 11.4 ° at 77 %, −0.88 points

Top opportunity

Work on the flare

Arrival Landing

Arrive slow and the sink rate at the threshold is already above schedule, the flare is short because there is no energy to extend it, and the touchdown is hard in a way that feels exactly like a late flare. Diagnosing a slow arrival as a late flare is the catastrophic misread: you respond by flaring earlier, which bleeds more speed, which makes the next one worse. The tiebreaker is threshold speed against VRef, not feel. Never diagnose a flare without it.

Read more in Flare Timing

Start to finish · 11 stages, 10 scored

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 90.00Taxiing from the parking to the runway took less than 1 minute. and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 0 kn0 kn min to max 0 kn 0 0 kn
100 % Average speed turning corners 0 knmax 0 kn 0 0 kn
100 % Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g
0 % Beacon, navigation and taxi lights on
Info Average pitch angle 0.0 °0.0 ° min to max 0.0 ° 0.0 0.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.0 °0.0 ° min to max 0.0 ° 0.0 0.0 °
Departure Roll 87.06Departure roll runway 30 at EGFF Cardiff. Takeoff distance 0 m 0 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 70 kn. Local weather - Temperature 29 °C. Wind 6 kn at 269 °. Crosswind: 3 kn Headwind: 5 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 0 m0 % of runway
100 % Liftoff speed was 70 knTarget 70 kn
85 % Runway alignment max 8.99 m1.91 m left to 7.09 m right 0.02 -7.09 m
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.97 g min to max 1.03 g 0.99 1.00 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 1.1 °0.7 ° min to max 3.1 ° 1.4 3.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.2 0.2 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights OFF should be ON
Fail Strobe Light OFF should be ON
Info Parking Brake Off 2 ft agl · 5 kt
Departure Climb 1 98.21Departure climb to 15.2 m agl from runway 30 EGFF Cardiff.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
95 % Heading variation 1.4 °1.0 ° min to max 1.5 ° 1.0 1.5 °
100 % Average speed 77 kn70 kn min to max 81 kn 70 81 kn
98 % Average bank angle 1.2 °0.0 ° min to max 2.7 ° 0.1 0.9 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.99 g min to max 1.09 g 0.99 1.01 g
Info Average VSI 2.1 m/s1.5 m/s min to max 2.5 m/s 1.5 2.5 m/s
Info Average altitude 5.0 m agl-0.1 m agl min to max 13.8 m agl 0.0 13.8 m agl
Info Average pitch angle 5.7 °2.8 ° min to max 6.8 ° 3.0 6.7 °
Departure Climb 2 91.29Departure climb to 121.9 m agl from 30 EGFF Cardiff.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
99 % Heading variation 1.6 °-0.0 ° min to max 2.1 ° 1.5 -0.0 °
100 % Average speed 83 kn81 kn min to max 90 kn 81 90 kn
66 % Average bank angle 1.9 °0.0 ° min to max 15.0 ° 1.0 15.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.91 g min to max 1.06 g 1.01 1.06 g
Info Average VSI 3.1 m/s2.5 m/s min to max 6.0 m/s 2.5 3.7 m/s
Info Average altitude 26.3 m agl14.0 m agl min to max 85.9 m agl 14.0 85.9 m agl
Info Average pitch angle 7.0 °5.4 ° min to max 10.7 ° 6.7 5.8 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Up 56 ft agl · 84 kt
Info Bounce during liftoff 128 ft agl · 87 kt
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started overhead Rhoose (Vale of Glamorgan, Wales). Climbing from 157 m asl to 494 m asl, an increase of 336.5 m in 1 minutes and covering 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 85 kn82 kn min to max 91 kn 91 83 kn
100 % Average bank angle 7.9 °0.4 ° min to max 24.6 ° 16.0 22.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.85 g min to max 1.10 g 1.06 0.86 g
Info Average VSI 5.3 m/s0.9 m/s min to max 8.4 m/s 4.0 0.9 m/s
Info Average altitude 333 m asl157 m asl min to max 494 m asl 157 494 m asl
Info Average pitch angle 8.3 °1.4 ° min to max 12.0 ° 6.1 1.4 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Landing Gear Down 1,345 ft agl · 95 kt
Arrival 100.00Arrival started overhead Rhoose (Vale of Glamorgan, Wales).
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 85 kn76 kn min to max 97 kn 83 78 kn
100 % Average bank angle 9.9 °0.1 ° min to max 19.8 ° 19.8 12.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.90 g min to max 1.12 g 0.90 1.02 g
Info Average VSI -3.1 m/s-7.7 m/s min to max 0.9 m/s -1.0 -7.7 m/s
Info Average altitude 330 m asl133 m asl min to max 492 m asl 492 133 m asl
Info Average pitch angle -2.4 °-9.4 ° min to max 3.6 ° -0.5 -9.2 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 1,256 ft agl · 101 kt
Info Flaps Position 3 870 ft agl · 84 kt
Arrival Final 1 89.47Approaching runway 30 at EGFF Cardiff from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 62.5 m agl to 7.5 m agl. A decrease of 55.0 m in 9 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
74 % Approach angle 1.7 °0.9 ° min to max 4.9 °Target 3.0 ° 4.9 0.9 °
100 % Average speed 74 kn71 kn min to max 78 kn 78 71 kn
96 % Heading variation -0.4 °-0.6 ° min to max -0.2 ° -0.6 -0.2 °
77 % Average bank angle 1.1 °0.0 ° min to max 11.4 ° 11.4 1.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.09 g1.02 g min to max 1.14 g 1.02 1.08 g
Info Average VSI -4.4 m/s-7.7 m/s min to max -1.5 m/s -7.7 -1.5 m/s
Info Average altitude 15.9 m agl7.5 m agl min to max 62.5 m agl 62.5 7.5 m agl
Info Average pitch angle -1.7 °-9.1 ° min to max 2.4 ° -9.1 2.4 °
00.250.50.751050100150Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-30-23-15-7.507.5152330Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Landing 61.45Landing on runway 30 at EGFF Cardiff, runway length 1,986 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was good at 71 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was good at 71 kn. Target 71 kn
25 % Target 15.2 m agl
24 % Landing and flare profile
100 % Heading variation -0.0 °-0.2 ° min to max 0.0 ° -0.2 0.0 °
94 % Average bank angle 1.9 °0.1 ° min to max 4.4 ° 1.3 1.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.92 g min to max 1.15 g 1.08 0.97 g
Info Average speed 65 kn58 kn min to max 71 kn 71 58 kn
Info Average VSI -0.4 m/s-1.4 m/s min to max 0.2 m/s -1.4 -0.4 m/s
Info Average altitude 1.9 m agl0.0 m agl min to max 3.8 m agl 3.4 0.0 m agl
Info Average pitch angle 3.5 °1.6 ° min to max 5.3 ° 2.5 4.9 °
07515022530037501123344657Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150225300375-24-20-16-12-8-404812162024Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 99.17Touchdown distance was good at 330 m. Touchdown speed at 58 kn was good. Touchdown rate was excellent at -0.4 m/s. Runway touchdown alignment was perfect. Local weather - Temperature 29 °C. Wind 10 kn at 267 °. Crosswind: 5 kn Headwind: 9 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
97 % Touchdown VSI was -0.4 m/s.
100 % Touchdown distance was 330 mTarget 457 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 58 knTarget 61 kn
100 % Runway alignment max 1.00 m0.84 m left 0.68 1.00 m
100 % Average bank angle 0.6 °0.0 ° min to max 1.5 ° 1.4 0.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.07 g0.97 g min to max 1.16 g 0.97 1.06 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 57 kn57 kn min to max 58 kn 58 57 kn
Info Average pitch angle 5.2 °4.9 ° min to max 5.7 ° 4.9 5.7 °
Arrival Rollout 100.00Total landing distance 711 m, 36 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was perfect.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 711 m36 % of runway.
100 % Runway alignment max 5.39 m2.47 m left to 2.91 m right 1.03 2.34 m
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.99 g min to max 1.04 g 1.04 1.00 g
Info Average speed 48 kn32 kn min to max 53 kn 53 32 kn
Info Average pitch angle 4.6 °1.0 ° min to max 6.3 ° 5.8 1.4 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.2 0.3 °
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 33 kn
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 28 kn0 kn min to max 53 kn 29 53 kn
Info Average pitch angle 1.4 °-0.4 ° min to max 2.6 ° 0.0 2.6 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.1 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.2 0.1 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 0.99 g

Events

Info Parking Brake On 2 ft agl · 5 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 2 ft agl · 6 kt

Takeoff

100.00Takeoff roll390 m · 20 %
100.00Liftoff speed70 kt
85.28Runway alignment7.09 m R
OkBounce on takeoffNone
98.21Rate of climb416 fpm

Landing

The threshold, the flare and the hold-off. The approach that led to it is the stabilisation gates below.

24.51Threshold height11 ft
100.00Threshold speed71 kt
100.00Centreline offset0.05 m R

The stabilisation gates

One stabilised approach gate: five checks where the approach path is 500 ft above the runway. The 1,000 ft gate was not assessed, because the approach did not join final that far out.

Five checks, one gate500 ft
Gear down
Sink rate
On glideslope
On centreline
On speed

Touchdown on EGFF 30

Past threshold100.00
332m
Centreline100.00
1.00m L
Speed100.00
57kt
Touchdown rate96.66
-88fpm
Impact100.00
1.16G
BouncesOk
None

Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.

11 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft 80 ft400 Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 11 ft, down at 332 m

Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 1,986 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

5001,0001,500 THRESHOLD FULL SCORE TO 503 M 332 m past threshold CLEARED

The 332 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 698 m of 1,986 m · 35 %
Rollout distance100.00
366m35 % used
Rollout alignment100.00
2.91m R

The rest of the report

Explore in detail

Flight map
Replay this flight in 3D The full flight path over the terrain with every stage, event and score along the route.
Takeoff report
Takeoff on runway 30 at EGFF Cardiff in the Piper PA-28 Arrow III
91.64 %
90 %
Taxi
Taxiing from the parking to the runway took less than 1 minute. and covered less than 1 nm.
Taxi Lights
100 %
Switched On
Ground Speed kt
100 %
30 15 0
Turn Speed
100 %
30 15 0
G
100 %
1.25 1 0.75
Bank °
Info
1 0.5 0
Pitch °
Info
1 0.5 0
87.06 %
Takeoff Roll
Departure roll runway 30 at EGFF Cardiff. Takeoff distance 0 m 0 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 70 kn. Local weather - Temperature 29 °C. Wind 6 kn at 269 °. Crosswind: 3 kn Headwind: 5 kn.
Takeoff Distance
100 %
Roll distance of 0 m using 0 % of runway
Liftoff Speed
100 %
Liftoff speed was 70 kn - Target 67 kn
Alignment
85.28 %
1.91 m left to 7.09 m right
Bounce
100 %
No Bounce Detected
Strobe Lights
0 %
Switched Off
Landing Lights
0 %
Switched Off
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
80 40 0
Bank °
Info
1 0.5 0
Pitch °
Info
4 2 0
02505007501,0001,250-20-15-10-505101520 Runway Distance m Runway Alignment to End of Runway m
98.21 %
Climb 1
Departure climb to 15.2 m agl from runway 30 EGFF Cardiff.
Alignment
94.67 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
90 80 70
Bank °
98.16 %
3 1.5 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
7 4.5 2
Climb Rate fpm
Info
500 200 -100
91.29 %
Climb 2
Departure climb to 121.9 m agl from 30 EGFF Cardiff.
Alignment
99.25 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
100 90 80
Bank °
65.89 %
15 7.5 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
11 8 5
Climb Rate fpm
Info
1,200 750 300
02505007501,0001,250053106159212265 Runway Distance m Height at End of Runway ft
00.030.070.10.130.170100200 Climb Distance NM Climb Profile to 1,000 ft
00.030.070.10.130.17-60-48-36-24-1201224364860 Climb Distance NM Runway Alignment (in m) to 1,000 ft
Landing report
Landing on runway 30 at EGFF Cardiff in the Piper PA-28 Arrow III
Landing Score 87.52 %
89.47 %
Final 1
Approaching runway 30 at EGFF Cardiff from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 62.5 m agl to 7.5 m agl. A decrease of 55.0 m in 9 seconds.
Glideslope
74.42 %
Good glideslope alignment
Heading
95.6 %
Excellent heading alignment
Glideslope °
74.42 %
4 3 2
IAS kt
100 %
78 74 70
Alignment
95.6 %
0.5 0 -0.5
Bank °
77.32 %
12 6 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Descent Rate fpm
Info
-289 -944 -1,600
00.250.50.751050100150 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Height ft
00.250.50.751-30-23-15-7.507.5152330 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Runway Alignment m
61.45 %
Landing
Landing on runway 30 at EGFF Cardiff, runway length 1,986 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was good at 71 kn.
Height
24.51 %
Good threshold height. Target 50 ft agl
Speed
100 %
Threshold speed was good at 71 kt. Target 71 kt
Flare
23.79 %
Very poor landing flare
Centreline ft
100 %
100 0 -100
Bank °
93.74 %
5 2.5 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
71 61 50
Pitch °
Info
6 3.5 1
Descent Rate fpm
Info
35 -133 -300
07515022530037501123344657 Runway Distance m Landing Height ft
075150225300375-24-20-16-12-8-404812162024 Runway Distance m Runway Width m
99.17 %
Touchdown
Touchdown distance was good at 330 m. Touchdown speed at 58 kn was good. Touchdown rate was excellent at -0.4 m/s. Runway touchdown alignment was perfect. Local weather - Temperature 29 °C. Wind 10 kn at 267 °. Crosswind: 5 kn Headwind: 9 kn.
Touchdown
96.66 %
Touchdown rate was excellent at -88 fpm.
Speed
100 %
Touchdown speed at 58 kt was good. Target below 61 kn
Distance
100 %
Touchdown distance was good at 330 m.
Alignment
100 %
Runway touchdown alignment was perfect.
Bank
100 %
Bank angle 0.6 °
G
100 %
G 1.07 g
Bounce
100 %
No Bounce Detected
100 %
Rollout
Total landing distance 711 m, 36 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was perfect.
Distance
100 %
Landing distance 711 m using 35.82 % of runway
Alignment
100 %
Runway rollout alignment was perfect.
G
100 %
1.25 1 0.75
IAS kt
Info
57 44 30
Bank °
Info
1 0.5 0
Pitch °
Info
7 3.5 0
0200400600 Runway Distance m Runway Width m
Metrics
Metrics

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