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KOAK
Oakland, United States
Runway 30
Elevation3 ft asl
Weight513,445 lbs
Fuel117,359 lbs
Wind280° · 3 kn · 2 kn cross

Flight Score

99.95 %
KEWR
Newark, United States
Runway 04R
Elevation10 ft asl
Weight423,023 lbs
Fuel26,403 lbs
Wind29° · 6 kn
12 Nov 2026 4:58 2256 nm McDonnell Douglas MD-11 90,956 lbs
Departure Score
100.00 %
Enroute Score
100.00 %
Arrival Score
99.85 %

What went well

Touched down at -260 fpm — a soft arrival
Touchdown 907 ft in — inside the full-score zone
Threshold crossed at 25 ft and 157 kt — both inside band

What held you back

Firm touchdown — 260 fpm, −0.05 points across the landing and the touchdown
  • Arrival Touchdown · sink rate 260 fpm−0.03
  • Arrival Landing · flare: the descent was not taken out−0.02

Start to finish · 19 stages, 17 in the score

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 100.00Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 9 minutes and covered 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 13 kt0 kt min to max 18 kt 0 5 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 6 ktmax 6 kt 0 0 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle -0.2 °-0.4 ° min to max 0.0 ° 0.0 -0.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.0 °0.0 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.0 0.3 °

Events

Info Battery Master On 16 ft agl
Info Engine 3 Started 16 ft agl
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 16 ft agl
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 16 ft agl
Info Autopilot Master Switched On 16 ft agl
Info Landing Gear Down 16 ft agl
Info Engine 1 Started 16 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 16 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Engine 2 Started 16 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 16 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 16 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 16 ft agl · 11 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 16 ft agl · 9 kt
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 30 at KOAK San Francisco Bay Oakland International Airport, Average speed was 7 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 5 kt4 kt min to max 5 kt 5 4 kt
Info Average pitch angle -0.1 °-0.2 ° min to max -0.1 ° -0.2 -0.1 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.2 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.3 0.2 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g
Departure Roll 100.00Departure roll runway 30 at KOAK San Francisco Bay Oakland International Airport. Takeoff distance 5,730 ft 55 % of runway. Rotation speed was 164 kt. Local weather - Temperature 75 °F. Wind 3 kt at 280 °. Crosswind: 2 kt Headwind: 3 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 5,730 ft55 % of runway
100 % Rotation speed was 164 ktTarget 156 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 4.4 ft right3.0 ft left to 4.4 ft right -4.4 2.7 ft
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.93 g min to max 1.07 g 1.00 1.07 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 0.4 °-0.3 ° min to max 7.5 ° -0.1 7.5 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.2 0.3 °
Departure Climb 1 100.00Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 30 KOAK San Francisco Bay Oakland International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.0 °-0.0 ° min to max -0.0 ° -0.0 -0.0 °
100 % Average speed 177 kt173 kt min to max 181 kt 173 181 kt
100 % Steepest bank angle 0.4 °0.1 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.3 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.11 g1.08 g min to max 1.13 g 1.08 1.13 g
Info Average VSI 641 fpm181 fpm min to max 1,218 fpm 181 1,218 fpm
Info Average altitude 8 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 25 ft agl 0 25 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 8.6 °7.6 ° min to max 10.2 ° 7.6 10.2 °
Departure Climb 2 100.00Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 30 KOAK San Francisco Bay Oakland International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.0 °0.0 ° min to max 0.1 ° 0.0 0.1 °
100 % Average speed 182 kt181 kt min to max 185 kt 181 185 kt
100 % Steepest bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.1 0.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.13 g1.04 g min to max 1.15 g 1.13 1.05 g
Info Average VSI 1,692 fpm1,231 fpm min to max 3,142 fpm 1,231 3,142 fpm
Info Average altitude 68 ft agl26 ft agl min to max 325 ft agl 26 325 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 11.4 °10.2 ° min to max 15.0 ° 10.2 15.0 °

Events

Info Taxi Lights Switched Off 73 ft agl · 184 kt
Info Landing Gear Up 97 ft agl · 185 kt
Departure Climb 3 100.00Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 30 KOAK San Francisco Bay Oakland International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Climb speed 184 kt182 kt min to max 185 ktTarget 193 kt, 9 kt slow 185 182 kt
100 % Steepest bank angle 0.5 °0.0 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.0 0.5 °
100 % Average g force 0.98 g0.93 g min to max 1.07 g 1.07 0.93 g
100 % Landing gear up at 51 ft aglTarget by 400 ft agl
Info Heading variation 0.1 °0.1 ° min to max 0.1 ° 0.1 0.1 °
Info Average VSI 3,561 fpm3,343 fpm min to max 3,660 fpm 3,343 3,485 fpm
Info Average altitude 636 ft agl373 ft agl min to max 904 ft agl 373 904 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 15.6 °15.1 ° min to max 15.9 ° 15.5 15.1 °
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started 1 mile west of KOAK San Francisco Bay Oakland International Airport Oakland (California, United States). Climbing from 1,049 ft asl to 34,613 ft asl, an increase of 33,564 ft in 21 minutes and covering 143 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 260 kt181 kt min to max 309 kt 182 284 kt
100 % Steepest bank angle 23.5 °0.0 ° min to max 23.5 ° 1.8 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.75 g min to max 1.14 g 0.94 1.01 g
Info Average VSI 1,888 fpm465 fpm min to max 3,336 fpm 3,336 913 fpm
Info Average altitude 12,663 ft asl1,049 ft asl min to max 34,613 ft asl 1,049 34,613 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 6.9 °3.2 ° min to max 14.8 ° 14.8 4.0 °
Info Turn coordination 3-19 min to max 32 -5 1

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 1,697 ft agl · 188 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 3,533 ft agl · 247 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 9,964 ft agl · 296 kt
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started 13 miles south west of Walker (California, United States) and lasted 236 minutes, covering 2,001 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±2,238 ft of 34,998 ft asl34,757 ft asl min to max 35,019 ft asl 34,757 34,999 ft asl
100 % Average speed 288 kt282 kt min to max 290 kt 283 284 kt
100 % Steepest bank angle 13.7 °0.0 ° min to max 13.7 ° 0.0 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.94 g min to max 1.04 g 1.01 1.00 g
Info Turn coordination 0-48 min to max 45 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 2.6 °2.2 ° min to max 4.1 ° 4.1 2.4 °
Enroute Descent 100.00Enroute descent started 1 mile north west of Shickshinny (Pennsylvania, United States). Descent from 34,998 ft asl to 4,500 ft asl, a decrease of 30,499 ft in 10 minutes and covering 62 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 291 kt243 kt min to max 327 kt 284 246 kt
100 % Steepest bank angle 0.6 °0.0 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.2 0.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.89 g min to max 1.11 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average VSI -3,006 fpm-6,556 fpm min to max -29 fpm -29 -1,468 fpm
Info Average altitude 16,500 ft asl4,500 ft asl min to max 34,998 ft asl 34,998 4,500 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -2.1 °-6.0 ° min to max 2.5 ° 2.5 -0.2 °
Info Turn coordination 0-9 min to max 14 -1 0

Events

Fail Exceeded 250 kn below 10000 ft 9,430 ft agl
Fail Landing Lights OFF should be ON 9,333 ft agl
Info Landing Lights Switched On 8,233 ft agl · 283 kt
Enroute Level 2 100.00Enroute level cruise started overhead N05 Hackettstown Airport Hackettstown (New Jersey, United States) and lasted 3 minutes, covering 13 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±712 ft of 4,029 ft asl3,852 ft asl min to max 4,249 ft asl 4,249 3,852 ft asl
100 % Average speed 244 kt242 kt min to max 246 kt 246 244 kt
100 % Steepest bank angle 22.2 °0.0 ° min to max 22.2 ° 0.1 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.95 g min to max 1.09 g 1.03 1.00 g
Info Turn coordination 5-8 min to max 21 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 2.9 °0.1 ° min to max 3.6 ° 0.1 1.1 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 3,571 ft agl · 262 kt
Enroute Descent 2 100.00Enroute descent started 1 mile south west of Bernardsville (New Jersey, United States). Descent from 3,748 ft asl to 2,832 ft asl, a decrease of 916 ft in 2 minutes and covering 6 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 245 kt244 kt min to max 245 kt 245 245 kt
100 % Steepest bank angle 0.6 °0.0 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.0 0.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.03 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average VSI -564 fpm-1,007 fpm min to max -3 fpm -737 -18 fpm
Info Average altitude 3,164 ft asl2,832 ft asl min to max 3,748 ft asl 3,748 2,832 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 1.1 °0.1 ° min to max 2.3 ° 0.7 2.3 °
Info Turn coordination -3-26 min to max 2 2 2
Enroute Level 3 100.00Enroute level cruise started 1 mile north east of Warren Township (New Jersey, United States) and lasted 3 minutes, covering 12 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±641 ft of 2,705 ft asl2,520 ft asl min to max 2,839 ft asl 2,829 2,520 ft asl
100 % Average speed 195 kt178 kt min to max 246 kt 244 180 kt
100 % Steepest bank angle 17.4 °0.0 ° min to max 17.4 ° 0.0 8.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.95 g min to max 1.08 g 1.00 1.02 g
Info Turn coordination -12-48 min to max 29 1 -3
Info Average pitch angle 3.5 °1.7 ° min to max 4.6 ° 2.4 3.1 °
Enroute Descent 3 100.00Enroute descent started 1 mile west of Perth Amboy (New Jersey, United States). Descent from 2,511 ft asl to 1,273 ft asl, a decrease of 1,238 ft in 3 minutes and covering 8 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 161 kt157 kt min to max 180 kt 180 160 kt
100 % Steepest bank angle 9.4 °0.0 ° min to max 9.4 ° 7.8 1.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.96 g min to max 1.07 g 1.02 0.99 g
Info Average VSI -400 fpm-915 fpm min to max -108 fpm -580 -722 fpm
Info Average altitude 1,818 ft asl1,273 ft asl min to max 2,511 ft asl 2,511 1,273 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 4.7 °2.5 ° min to max 5.8 ° 3.1 3.8 °
Info Turn coordination -1-20 min to max 8 -5 2

Events

Info Taxi Lights Switched On 1,850 ft agl · 164 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 1,850 ft agl · 164 kt
Info Flaps Position 6 1,790 ft agl · 164 kt
Arrival Approach 100.00Final approach to runway 04R at KEWR Newark Liberty International Airport. Descent from 1,273 ft agl to 56 ft agl in 91 seconds. Scored on the stabilisation gates.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Gear downpassed at both gates
100 % Landing flappassed at both gates
100 % Sink ratepassed at both gates
100 % On glideslopepassed at both gates
100 % On centrelinepassed at both gates
100 % On speedpassed at both gates
100 % Wings levelpassed at both gates
Arrival Landing 99.72Landing on runway 04R at KEWR Newark Liberty International Airport, runway length 8,813 ft. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was good at 158 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was good at 158 kt. Target 153 kt
100 % Good threshold height.Target 50 ft agl
99 % Excellent landing flare. It lost 1.1 points, mostly for taking only 364 fpm of the sink out.
100 % Runway alignment max 15.4 ft right8.4 ft right to 15.4 ft right -15.4 -8.4 ft
100 % Steepest bank angle 1.0 °0.6 ° min to max 1.0 ° 1.0 0.8 °
100 % Peak g force 1.09 g1.03 g min to max 1.09 g 1.03 1.06 g
Info Average speed 156 kt154 kt min to max 158 kt 158 154 kt
Info Average VSI -417 fpm-652 fpm min to max -210 fpm -652 -210 fpm
Info Average altitude 9 ft agl-4 ft agl min to max 25 ft agl 25 -4 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 5.7 °4.5 ° min to max 6.3 ° 4.5 6.3 °
02505007501,00001223354658Runway Distance ftLanding Height ft02505007501,000-90-72-54-36-1801836547290Runway Distance ftRunway Width ft
Arrival Touchdown 99.54Touchdown distance was good at 907 ft. Touchdown speed at 154 kt was a little fast. Touchdown rate was fair at -260 fpm. Runway touchdown alignment was very good. Local weather - Temperature 48 °F. Wind 6 kt at 30 °. Crosswind: 0 kt Headwind: 6 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
98 % Touchdown rate was -260 fpm.
100 % Touchdown distance was 907 ftTarget 1,500 ft
100 % Speed at touchdown 154 ktTarget below 151 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 8.4 ft right8.1 ft right -8.4 -8.0 ft
100 % Steepest bank angle 0.8 °0.4 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.8 0.4 °
100 % Peak g force 1.25 g1.03 g min to max 1.25 g 1.06 1.13 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 154 kt153 kt min to max 154 kt 154 153 kt
Info Average pitch angle 6.2 °6.2 ° min to max 6.3 ° 6.3 6.2 °
Arrival Rollout 100.00Total landing distance 4,734 ft, 54 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was perfect.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 4,734 ft54 % of runway.
100 % Runway alignment max 7.6 ft right0.2 ft left to 7.6 ft right -7.6 -1.7 ft
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.97 g min to max 1.09 g 1.09 1.00 g
Info Average speed 111 kt74 kt min to max 147 kt 147 74 kt
Info Average pitch angle 1.9 °-0.2 ° min to max 6.7 ° 6.2 -0.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.4 0.2 °
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 52 kt
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 45 kt8 kt min to max 74 kt 74 8 kt
Info Average pitch angle -0.2 °-0.4 ° min to max 0.0 ° -0.2 -0.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.2 0.0 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g

Events

Info Flaps Fully Retracted 16 ft agl · 13 kt
Arrival Taxi 100.00Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 10 minutes and covered 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 11 kt2 kt min to max 18 kt 8 2 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 0 ktmax 0 kt 0 0 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle -0.1 °-0.3 ° min to max 0.0 ° -0.2 -0.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.0 0.0 °

Events

Info Landing Lights Switched Off 16 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched Off 16 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Engine 2 Stopped 16 ft agl · 6 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched Off 16 ft agl · 12 kt

Takeoff from KOAK 30

Taxi out

LightsOk
All on
Taxi speed100.00
18kt peak6 kt in turns

The roll

Takeoff roll100.00
5,730ft55 %
Runway alignment100.00
4.4ft R
Rotation speed100.00
164kttarget 156, 8 late

Rotated late

The nose came up at 164 kt, 8 kt after the 156 kt rotate speed.

The pull started after the rotate speed had gone by. Bring the airspeed into the scan as it approaches the rotate speed, so the pull starts on the number rather than when you notice it has passed.

Liftoff and climb

Liftoff
173ktat 7.6°
Rotation
2.2°/sover 3.1 s, gaining 9 kt
35 ft
182ktat 10.8°, 4.5 s after liftoff
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Bank after liftoff100.00
0.4°steepest
Gear up100.00
51ftfull marks to 400 ft
Climb 3 speed100.00
184kttarget 193

Plan view the roll down the 10,398 ft runway.

Rolled from 87 ft in, drifted 9 ft right of the centreline and was back on it to lift off. Airborne 55 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

2,0004,0006,0008,00010,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓CROSS1 kn75 %widest 8.6 ft RROLL 87 FT INAirborne 5,745 ft from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 5,745 ft of 10,398 ft · 55 %
Behind the start of the roll, 87 ftTakeoff roll, 5,658 ft Left ahead, 4,653 ft

Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 905 ft.

Reached 35 ft with 3,285 ft of runway left; gear up at 51 ft, inside the 400 ft that gets full marks; then climbing at 2,360 fpm on average to 905 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The dark stretch of the roll is the run with the nose up and the wheels still on, with its length and time under the runway. The gear-up ring is coloured by its mark. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.

1,000 ft500 ft0CLIMB 3184 kt avgtarget 193THRESHOLDRUNWAY END6080100120140KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLnose up on the runway · 859 ft · 3.1 sRotate 164 kttarget 156Liftoff 173 ktGear up 51 ftfull marks to 400 ft
On the runwayNose up, wheels on the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runwayGear upClimb 3

Speed and pitch from brake release to the end of the climb, against time.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The dashed green line is the speed to rotate at for this aircraft at its weight, and the green dot is where the nose started to come up. The grey band is the run between the nose coming up and the wheels leaving the runway. The figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up, in degrees a second. The rotation detail below draws the rotation against the rates for this aircraft and its tail-strike pitch, where the slope reads properly. The grey dashed line across the pitch is the attitude held from 35 ft to the end: a nose held steady is a climb speed that holds, and the airspeed trace sits directly above it to compare. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.

Climb 3 target 193210 kt14070020°10°0°nose up on the runway · 859 ft · 3.1 sROTATELIFTOFFtarget 156held 13.0°7.6° off · 2.2°/s11° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH0204060 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchRotation speed targetRotation beganNose up, wheels on the runwayClimb attitude heldClimb 3

Rotation detail the pitch over the seconds from rotation to 35 ft, where the slope reads properly.

How to read this

The pitch over the seconds from the nose starting to come up to 35 ft, stretched so the slope reads properly. The green dot is where the nose started up, the grey band runs to the wheels leaving, and the figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up. The two dashed green lines rising from the rotation point are 2 to 3° a second, the rates airliners are rotated at: a trace steeper than both is a faster rotation, one shallower than both a slower one. The red dashed line is 9.5°, the pitch at which this aircraft's tail touches the runway with the wheels still on it, drawn from rotation to liftoff only: once the wheels leave, every foot climbed adds tail clearance.

20°10°0°2°/s3°/sTAIL STRIKE 9.5°ROTATELIFTOFF35 FT7.6° off · 2.2°/s11° at 35 ftROTATION DETAIL-2-10+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9 sseconds from rotation
PitchRotation began2 to 3°/s from rotationTail strikeNose up, wheels on the runway

The stabilisation gates

Two stabilised approach gates, each with seven checks, where the approach path is 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway. They are the approach's score: the checks passed out of the checks that ran.

Seven checks, two gates1,000 ft 100.007 of 7500 ft 100.007 of 7
Gear down
Landing flap
Sink rate760 fpm750 fpm
On glideslope2.9°2.9°
On centreline0.3° off0.1° off
On speed+6.1 kt+7.8 kt
Wings level0° bank0° bank

When the approach was stable

Every check met from 4 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.

Gear downLanding flapSink rateOn glideslopeOn centrelineOn speedWings levelAll checks4 nm321THR
Check metNot metStabilisation gate

The approach to KEWR 04R

The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 1° band in green.

Inside the glideslope band from 4 nm to the threshold, never more than 70 ft below the slope.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 1,000 ft past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.

5001,0001,5002,000 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 1° BAND1,2436493562001,000 ft gate7 of 7999 ft · 159 kt500 ft gate7 of 7520 ft · 161 kt
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height thereStabilisation gate

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 12× larger than distances along the final.

Inside the 1° band all the way from 4 nm, never more than 100 ft off the centreline.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR260 ft L0260 ft RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND64 ft R29 ft R13 ft R5 ft R99 ft R18 ft R
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 38 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 23 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.

Inside the speed band all the way, between +5 kt and +9 kt on the approach speed of 153 kt.

How to read this

Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.

140160180200 kt4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRAPPROACH SPEED 153+6 kt+6 kt+8 kt+6 kt+5 kt
Your airspeedApproach speedWhat the gates allowOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Landing and touchdown on KEWR 04R

Over the threshold

Threshold height100.00
25ft
Threshold speed100.00
157kttarget 153, 4 fast
Centreline offset100.00
15.4ft R
Bank100.00
1.0°steepest
Flare98.88

Excellent landing flare

It lost 1.1 points, mostly for taking only 364 fpm of the sink out.

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
907ft
Centreline100.00
8.4ft R
Speed100.00
154kttarget 150, 4 fast
Touchdown rate97.71
-260fpm
Impact100.00
1.25G
BouncesOk
None
Bank100.00
0.8°as the wheels touched

Rollout

Rollout distance100.00
3,704ft52 % used
Rollout alignment100.00
7.6ft R

Taxi in

LightsOk
All set
Taxi speed100.00
18kt peak

Side view — the last 5,011 ft of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 25 ft, 25 ft below the 50 ft target; began the flare at 17 ft. Touched down 907 ft in, close to the ideal 1,000 ft.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 5,011 ft across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 1,000 ft in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

25 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 Flare 17 ft · −606 fpm · 5.1° · 157 ktdescent slowed at 2 ft · −251 fpm · 6.3°−260 fpm · 6.3° nose up · 154 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 1,000 ft This flight — 25 ft, down at 907 ft

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 610 fpm at the flare to 260 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 1.2° on the way down. Into the flare at 157 kt, 4 kt over the 153 kt approach speed, and 154 kt at touchdown.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,0000°5°10°flaredescent slowedtouchdown−260 fpm at touchdown6.3° at touchdown, +1.2° from the flare
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the first 5,011 ft of the 8,813 ft runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down 8 ft right of the centreline, and stayed about there down the rollout, 14 ft right at the widest. No crosswind: nothing to correct for. Touched down straight, wings level.

Wind 029° at 6 kt · 6 kt head · 0 kt across

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. The sentence gives the nose against the direction you were actually moving as the wheels touched, and the steepest bank as they touched, the figure the touchdown's Bank tile marks. The rest of it is shown for reading, not marked.

1,0002,0003,0004,0005,000 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ FULL SCORE TO 1,650 FT 907 ft past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 907 ft touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 4,611 ft of 8,813 ft · 52 %
In the air over the runway, 907 ftRollout, 3,704 ft Left over, 4,202 ft

The stop — touchdown to taxi speed.

From 148 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 32 s, an average deceleration of 0.19 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

0408012016060 kt · 4,268 ft30 kt · 4,895 fttouchdown5,091 ftkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

The rest of the report

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Flight narrative

The MD-11 departed KOAK San Francisco Bay Oakland International Airport on runway 30. The take-off roll was 5,730 ft, using 55 % of the runway, and rotation occurred at 164 kt. Local weather was 75 °F with a wind 3 kt from 280°, giving a 2 kt cross-wind and a 3 kt head-wind.

Initial climb to 1,000 ft agl lasted 20 seconds, averaging 2,375 fpm and reaching 182 kt at the top of the segment. The climb continued from 1,049 ft asl to 34,613 ft asl in 21 minutes, covering 143 nm and beginning about 1 mile west of KOAK.

The aircraft levelled at 35,000 ft asl for 236 minutes, covering 2,001 nm, with the segment starting roughly 13 miles south-west of Walker. Descent began from 34,998 ft asl to 1,273 ft asl in 21 minutes, covering 102 nm and starting 1 mile north-west of Shickshinny.

Final approach to runway 04R at KEWR Newark Liberty International Airport began at 1,273 ft agl and descended to 56 ft agl in 91 seconds. Stabilisation checks at 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway were all met: gear down, landing flap, sink rate, glideslope, centreline, speed, and wings level. Configuration was set with landing gear down at 1,850 ft agl at 164 kt and final flap position 6 at 1,790 ft agl at 164 kt.

Landing on runway 04R, which is 8,813 ft long, occurred with a good threshold height and a threshold speed of 158 kt. The flare was described as excellent. Touchdown was 907 ft from the threshold, at a speed of 154 kt, a little fast, with a fair touchdown rate of minus 260 fpm. Runway-touchdown alignment was very good and no bounce occurred. Total landing distance was 4,734 ft, 54 % of the runway, and rollout alignment was perfect.

After landing, the aircraft taxied to parking in 10 minutes, covering 2 nm. The overall flight covered 2,256 nm in 298 minutes and used 90,956 lbs of fuel.

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