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PHNL
Honolulu, United States
Runway 04R
Elevation7 ft asl
Weight505,416 lbs
Fuel108,526 lbs
Wind50° · 5 kn

Flight Score

99.87 %
KOAK
Oakland, United States
Runway 30
Elevation3 ft asl
Weight426,372 lbs
Fuel28,652 lbs
Wind250° · 3 kn · 2 kn cross
7 Nov 2026 4:45 2191 nm McDonnell Douglas MD-11 79,874 lbs
Departure Score
99.81 %
Enroute Score
99.99 %
Arrival Score
99.82 %

What went well

Touched down at -262 fpm — a soft arrival
Touchdown 1,216 ft in — inside the full-score zone
Threshold crossed at 21 ft and 158 kt — both inside band

What held you back

Departure Climb 3 — scored 99.06 %, −0.06 points
Firm touchdown — 262 fpm, −0.06 points across the landing and the touchdown
  • Arrival Touchdown · sink rate 262 fpm−0.04
  • Arrival Landing · flare: the descent was not taken out−0.02

Next time

Avoid steep turns at low altitude

See Departure Climb 3

Below a thousand feet the aeroplane is slow, heavy and close to the ground. A steep turn loses lift, raises the stall speed and flattens the climb just when the gradient matters most. A normal turn on course is a rate one — fifteen degrees or so, twenty-five at the outside, this penalty is to acknowledge when a turn has stopped being a turn and become a manoeuvre.

Read more in Improve Your Take-Offs

Start to finish · 19 stages, 17 in the score

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 100.00Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 14 minutes and covered 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 9 kt0 kt min to max 14 kt 0 6 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 0 ktmax 0 kt 0 0 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle -0.1 °-0.2 ° min to max 0.0 ° 0.0 -0.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.0 °0.0 ° min to max 0.0 ° 0.0 0.0 °

Events

Info Battery Master On 16 ft agl
Info Engine 3 Started 16 ft agl
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 16 ft agl
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 16 ft agl
Info Autopilot Master Switched On 16 ft agl
Info Landing Gear Down 16 ft agl
Info Engine 1 Started 16 ft agl
Info Flaps Position 3 16 ft agl
Info Engine 2 Started 16 ft agl
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 16 ft agl
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 16 ft agl
Info Landing Lights Switched On 16 ft agl · 5 kt
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 04R at PHNL Daniel K Inouye International Airport, Average speed was 11 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 7 kt6 kt min to max 10 kt 6 10 kt
Info Average pitch angle -0.2 °-0.2 ° min to max -0.2 ° -0.2 -0.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.0 °0.0 ° min to max 0.0 ° 0.0 0.0 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g
Departure Roll 100.00Departure roll runway 04R at PHNL Daniel K Inouye International Airport. Takeoff distance 5,442 ft 61 % of runway. Rotation speed was 161 kt. Local weather - Temperature 82 °F. Wind 5 kt at 49 °. Crosswind: 0 kt Headwind: 5 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 5,442 ft61 % of runway
100 % Rotation speed was 161 ktTarget 157 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 11.8 ft left11.8 ft left to 0.1 ft right 2.9 11.8 ft
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.09 g 1.00 1.09 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 0.4 °-0.2 ° min to max 8.4 ° -0.2 8.4 °
Info Average bank angle 0.0 °0.0 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.0 0.6 °
Departure Climb 1 100.00Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 04R PHNL Daniel K Inouye International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.1 °-0.2 ° min to max -0.1 ° -0.1 -0.2 °
100 % Average speed 173 kt170 kt min to max 176 kt 170 176 kt
100 % Steepest bank angle 1.2 °0.5 ° min to max 1.2 ° 0.8 0.5 °
100 % Average g force 1.15 g1.10 g min to max 1.17 g 1.10 1.15 g
Info Average VSI 843 fpm243 fpm min to max 1,422 fpm 243 1,422 fpm
Info Average altitude 9 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 25 ft agl 0 25 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 10.2 °8.5 ° min to max 11.6 ° 8.5 11.6 °
Departure Climb 2 100.00Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 04R PHNL Daniel K Inouye International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.2 °-0.2 ° min to max -0.2 ° -0.2 -0.2 °
100 % Average speed 177 kt176 kt min to max 179 kt 176 179 kt
100 % Steepest bank angle 1.5 °0.2 ° min to max 1.5 ° 0.5 1.5 °
100 % Average g force 1.12 g1.01 g min to max 1.15 g 1.15 1.01 g
Info Average VSI 1,835 fpm1,436 fpm min to max 3,060 fpm 1,436 3,060 fpm
Info Average altitude 71 ft agl26 ft agl min to max 341 ft agl 26 341 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 12.5 °11.6 ° min to max 15.1 ° 11.6 15.1 °

Events

Info Taxi Lights Switched Off 139 ft agl · 181 kt
Info Landing Gear Up 178 ft agl · 182 kt
Departure Climb 3 99.06Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 04R PHNL Daniel K Inouye International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Climb speed 179 kt179 kt min to max 179 ktTarget 193 kt, 14 kt slow 179 179 kt
95 % Steepest bank angle 25.9 °1.8 ° min to max 25.9 ° 1.8 25.9 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g1.00 g min to max 1.08 g 1.01 1.07 g
100 % Landing gear up at 88 ft aglTarget by 400 ft agl
Info Heading variation 0.4 °-0.2 ° min to max 1.6 ° -0.2 1.6 °
Info Average VSI 3,357 fpm3,150 fpm min to max 3,504 fpm 3,150 3,504 fpm
Info Average altitude 664 ft agl390 ft agl min to max 945 ft agl 390 945 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 16.1 °15.4 ° min to max 16.7 ° 15.4 16.6 °
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started 1 mile north east of PHNL Daniel K Inouye International Airport Honolulu (Hawaii, United States). Climbing from 1,037 ft asl to 34,915 ft asl, an increase of 33,879 ft in 20 minutes and covering 135 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 263 kt178 kt min to max 309 kt 179 280 kt
100 % Steepest bank angle 29.3 °0.0 ° min to max 29.3 ° 26.4 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.73 g min to max 1.26 g 1.06 0.97 g
Info Average VSI 1,940 fpm188 fpm min to max 3,847 fpm 3,498 341 fpm
Info Average altitude 14,259 ft asl1,037 ft asl min to max 34,915 ft asl 1,037 34,915 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 7.1 °3.2 ° min to max 16.6 ° 16.6 3.2 °
Info Turn coordination -1-24 min to max 24 20 0

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 2,610 ft agl · 189 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 5,508 ft agl · 251 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 10,220 ft agl · 280 kt
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started 73 miles north of Haiku-Pauwela (Hawaii, United States) and lasted 193 minutes, covering 1,646 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±2,248 ft of 34,998 ft asl34,963 ft asl min to max 35,027 ft asl 34,967 34,998 ft asl
100 % Average speed 280 kt278 kt min to max 283 kt 281 279 kt
100 % Steepest bank angle 17.7 °0.0 ° min to max 17.7 ° 0.1 0.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.96 g min to max 1.06 g 0.98 1.00 g
Info Turn coordination 0-15 min to max 12 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 2.7 °2.5 ° min to max 3.1 ° 3.0 2.6 °
Enroute Climb 2 100.00Enroute climb started Latitude: 34.7748813 Longitude: -129.2345326. Climbing from 34,998 ft asl to 36,995 ft asl, an increase of 1,996 ft in 3 minutes and covering 27 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 275 kt270 kt min to max 280 kt 279 270 kt
100 % Steepest bank angle 1.0 °0.0 ° min to max 1.0 ° 0.0 0.7 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.94 g min to max 1.02 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average VSI 593 fpm-1 fpm min to max 1,157 fpm 1 14 fpm
Info Average altitude 36,049 ft asl34,998 ft asl min to max 36,995 ft asl 34,998 36,995 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 3.4 °2.6 ° min to max 4.0 ° 2.6 2.9 °
Info Turn coordination 0-4 min to max 5 0 -4
Enroute Level 2 100.00Enroute level cruise started Latitude: 34.9438388 Longitude: -128.6895404 and lasted 30 minutes, covering 250 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±2,350 ft of 36,998 ft asl36,984 ft asl min to max 37,013 ft asl 36,997 37,000 ft asl
100 % Average speed 268 kt262 kt min to max 269 kt 269 262 kt
100 % Steepest bank angle 16.2 °0.0 ° min to max 16.2 ° 0.0 0.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.05 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Turn coordination 0-13 min to max 9 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 2.9 °2.8 ° min to max 3.0 ° 2.9 3.0 °
Enroute Descent 99.96Enroute descent started 86 miles south west of Pescadero (California, United States). Descent from 36,999 ft asl to 10,088 ft asl, a decrease of 26,911 ft in 10 minutes and covering 66 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 276 kt247 kt min to max 334 kt 262 247 kt
100 % Steepest bank angle 19.6 °0.0 ° min to max 19.6 ° 0.0 0.0 °
99.6 % Average g force 1.00 g0.76 g min to max 1.46 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average VSI -2,470 fpm-6,060 fpm min to max 4 fpm -3 -563 fpm
Info Average altitude 19,490 ft asl10,088 ft asl min to max 36,999 ft asl 36,999 10,088 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -1.2 °-5.4 ° min to max 3.0 ° 3.0 2.0 °
Info Turn coordination 2-7 min to max 16 0 1
Enroute Level 3 100.00Enroute level cruise started 23 miles west of Pescadero (California, United States) and lasted 5 minutes, covering 23 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±1,001 ft of 9,752 ft asl9,209 ft asl min to max 10,016 ft asl 10,016 9,209 ft asl
100 % Average speed 245 kt244 kt min to max 247 kt 244 246 kt
100 % Steepest bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.0 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.96 g min to max 1.02 g 1.02 0.98 g
Info Turn coordination 0-8 min to max 5 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 2.7 °1.1 ° min to max 3.1 ° 2.9 1.1 °

Events

Info Landing Lights Switched On 9,935 ft agl · 290 kt
Info Autopilot Approach Localizer Activated 9,671 ft agl · 289 kt
Enroute Descent 2 100.00Enroute descent started 5 miles north west of La Honda (California, United States). Descent from 9,034 ft asl to 1,219 ft asl, a decrease of 7,815 ft in 8 minutes and covering 32 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 215 kt159 kt min to max 247 kt 247 160 kt
100 % Steepest bank angle 18.4 °0.0 ° min to max 18.4 ° 0.0 0.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.89 g min to max 1.18 g 0.99 0.98 g
Info Average VSI -1,063 fpm-1,942 fpm min to max 122 fpm -1,285 -685 fpm
Info Average altitude 4,019 ft asl1,219 ft asl min to max 9,034 ft asl 9,034 1,219 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 1.3 °-0.8 ° min to max 4.2 ° 0.5 4.0 °
Info Turn coordination -4-19 min to max 18 0 1

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 3,382 ft agl · 244 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 2,715 ft agl · 214 kt
Info Flaps Position 5 2,639 ft agl · 211 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 2,504 ft agl · 202 kt
Info Flaps Position 6 2,234 ft agl · 184 kt
Arrival Approach 100.00Final approach to runway 30 at KOAK San Francisco Bay Oakland International Airport. Descent from 1,249 ft agl to 47 ft agl in 89 seconds. Scored on the stabilisation gates.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Gear downpassed at both gates
100 % Landing flappassed at both gates
100 % Sink ratepassed at both gates
100 % On glideslopepassed at both gates
100 % On centrelinepassed at both gates
100 % On speedpassed at both gates
100 % Wings levelpassed at both gates
Arrival Landing 99.66Landing on runway 30 at KOAK San Francisco Bay Oakland International Airport, runway length 10,398 ft. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was good at 158 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was good at 158 kt. Target 154 kt
100 % Good threshold height.Target 50 ft agl
99 % Excellent landing flare. It lost 1.4 points, mostly for taking only 363 fpm of the sink out.
100 % Runway alignment max 11.4 ft right7.1 ft right to 11.4 ft right -11.4 -7.1 ft
100 % Steepest bank angle 0.5 °0.0 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.5 0.0 °
100 % Peak g force 1.07 g0.98 g min to max 1.07 g 1.07 0.98 g
Info Average speed 156 kt152 kt min to max 158 kt 158 152 kt
Info Average VSI -268 fpm-482 fpm min to max -155 fpm -482 -221 fpm
Info Average altitude 6 ft agl-4 ft agl min to max 21 ft agl 21 -4 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 6.1 °5.4 ° min to max 6.5 ° 5.4 6.4 °
02505007501,0001,25001123344657Runway Distance ftLanding Height ft02505007501,0001,250-80-64-48-32-1601632486480Runway Distance ftRunway Width ft
Arrival Touchdown 99.44Touchdown distance was good at 1,216 ft. Touchdown speed at 152 kt was a little fast. Touchdown rate was fair at -262 fpm. Runway touchdown alignment was very good. Local weather - Temperature 66 °F. Wind 4 kt at 270 °. Crosswind: 2 kt Headwind: 3 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
97 % Touchdown rate was -262 fpm.
100 % Touchdown distance was 1,216 ftTarget 1,500 ft
100 % Speed at touchdown 152 ktTarget below 151 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 7.1 ft right6.4 ft right -7.1 -5.3 ft
100 % Steepest bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.0 0.1 °
100 % Peak g force 1.24 g0.98 g min to max 1.24 g 0.98 1.08 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 151 kt150 kt min to max 152 kt 152 150 kt
Info Average pitch angle 6.4 °6.4 ° min to max 6.5 ° 6.4 6.4 °
Arrival Rollout 100.00Total landing distance 5,961 ft, 57 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was perfect.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 5,961 ft57 % of runway.
100 % Runway alignment max 6.5 ft left6.5 ft left to 3.3 ft right -0.8 6.5 ft
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.96 g min to max 1.07 g 1.07 1.00 g
Info Average speed 110 kt76 kt min to max 149 kt 149 76 kt
Info Average pitch angle 1.1 °-0.2 ° min to max 6.5 ° 6.4 -0.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.1 0.0 °
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 44 kt
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 42 kt6 kt min to max 75 kt 75 8 kt
Info Average pitch angle -0.2 °-0.4 ° min to max 0.1 ° -0.0 -0.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.0 0.0 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.02 g 1.00 1.00 g

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 16 ft agl · 8 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 16 ft agl · 7 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 16 ft agl · 5 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched Off 16 ft agl · 5 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 16 ft agl · 5 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched Off 16 ft agl · 6 kt
Arrival Taxi 100.00Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 6 minutes and covered 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 13 kt1 kt min to max 18 kt 9 1 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 8 ktmax 8 kt 0 0 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle -0.1 °-0.2 ° min to max -0.1 ° -0.2 -0.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.0 °0.0 ° min to max 0.1 ° 0.1 0.0 °

Takeoff from PHNL 04R

Taxi out

LightsOk
All on
Taxi speed100.00
14kt peak

The roll

Takeoff roll100.00
5,442ft61 %
Runway alignment100.00
11.8ft L
Rotation speed100.00
161kttarget 157, 4 late

Liftoff pitch close to a tail strike

The wheels left at 8.5°, 1.0° short of this aircraft's 9.5° tail strike.

The tail can only touch while the main wheels are still on the runway, so the margin that matters is the one at liftoff. Rotate at the rotate speed, at the normal rate, and let the aircraft fly itself off at its own attitude: keep the pull going towards the climb attitude only once the wheels have left. Rotating early, or pulling faster than the aircraft can lift off, is what eats the margin.

Liftoff and climb

Liftoff
169ktat 8.5°
Rotation
2.7°/sover 2.9 s, gaining 8 kt
35 ft
176ktat 11.9°, 3.7 s after liftoff
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Bank after liftoff100.00
1.2°steepest
Gear up100.00
88ftfull marks to 400 ft
Climb 3 speed100.00
179kttarget 193

Plan view the roll down the 8,991 ft runway.

Rolled from 385 ft in, drifted left of the centreline, 11 ft at the widest, and lifted off 12 ft left. Airborne 60 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length.

2,0004,0006,0008,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓75 %widest 11.5 ft LROLL 385 FT INAirborne 5,473 ft from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 5,473 ft of 8,991 ft · 61 %
Behind the start of the roll, 385 ftTakeoff roll, 5,088 ft Left ahead, 3,518 ft

Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 945 ft.

Reached 35 ft with 2,437 ft of runway left; gear up at 88 ft, inside the 400 ft that gets full marks; then climbing at 2,460 fpm on average to 945 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The dark stretch of the roll is the run with the nose up and the wheels still on, with its length and time under the runway. The gear-up ring is coloured by its mark. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.

1,000 ft500 ft0CLIMB 3179 kt avgtarget 193THRESHOLDRUNWAY END6080100120140KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLnose up on the runway · 799 ft · 2.9 sRotate 161 kttarget 157Liftoff 169 ktGear up 88 ftfull marks to 400 ft
On the runwayNose up, wheels on the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runwayGear upClimb 3

Speed and pitch from brake release to the end of the climb, against time.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The dashed green line is the speed to rotate at for this aircraft at its weight, and the green dot is where the nose started to come up. The grey band is the run between the nose coming up and the wheels leaving the runway. The figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up, in degrees a second. The rotation detail below draws the rotation against the rates for this aircraft and its tail-strike pitch, where the slope reads properly. The grey dashed line across the pitch is the attitude held from 35 ft to the end: a nose held steady is a climb speed that holds, and the airspeed trace sits directly above it to compare. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.

Climb 3 target 193180 kt12060020°10°0°nose up on the runway · 799 ft · 2.9 sROTATELIFTOFFGEAR UPtarget 157held 13.8°8.5° off · 2.7°/s12° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH02040 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchRotation speed targetRotation beganNose up, wheels on the runwayClimb attitude heldClimb 3

Rotation detail the pitch over the seconds from rotation to 35 ft, where the slope reads properly.

How to read this

The pitch over the seconds from the nose starting to come up to 35 ft, stretched so the slope reads properly. The green dot is where the nose started up, the grey band runs to the wheels leaving, and the figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up. The two dashed green lines rising from the rotation point are 2 to 3° a second, the rates airliners are rotated at: a trace steeper than both is a faster rotation, one shallower than both a slower one. The red dashed line is 9.5°, the pitch at which this aircraft's tail touches the runway with the wheels still on it, drawn from rotation to liftoff only: once the wheels leave, every foot climbed adds tail clearance.

20°10°0°2°/s3°/sTAIL STRIKE 9.5°ROTATELIFTOFF35 FT8.5° off · 2.7°/s12° at 35 ftROTATION DETAIL-2-10+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8 sseconds from rotation
PitchRotation began2 to 3°/s from rotationTail strikeNose up, wheels on the runway

The stabilisation gates

Two stabilised approach gates, each with seven checks, where the approach path is 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway. They are the approach's score: the checks passed out of the checks that ran.

Seven checks, two gates1,000 ft 100.007 of 7500 ft 100.007 of 7
Gear down
Landing flap
Sink rate610 fpm870 fpm
On glideslope2.9°2.7°
On centreline0.2° off0.2° off
On speed+5.4 kt+4.8 kt
Wings level0° bank1° bank

When the approach was stable

Every check met from 4 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.

Gear downLanding flapSink rateOn glideslopeOn centrelineOn speedWings levelAll checks4 nm321THR
Check metNot metStabilisation gate

The approach to KOAK 30

The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 1° band in green.

Inside the glideslope band from 4 nm to the threshold, never more than 100 ft below the slope.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 1,000 ft past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.

5001,0001,5002,000 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 1° BAND1,2246233031641,000 ft gate7 of 71,007 ft · 159 kt500 ft gate7 of 7478 ft · 159 kt
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height thereStabilisation gate

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 16× larger than distances along the final.

Inside the 1° band all the way from 4 nm, never more than 70 ft off the centreline.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR190 ft L0190 ft RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND19 ft R68 ft R14 ft L7 ft L67 ft R37 ft R
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 39 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 23 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.

Inside the speed band all the way, between +4 kt and +7 kt on the approach speed of 154 kt.

How to read this

Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.

140160180200 kt4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRAPPROACH SPEED 154+5 kt+5 kt+5 kt+6 kt+4 kt
Your airspeedApproach speedWhat the gates allowOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Landing and touchdown on KOAK 30

Over the threshold

Threshold height100.00
21ft
Threshold speed100.00
158kttarget 154, 4 fast
Centreline offset100.00
11.4ft R
Bank100.00
0.5°steepest
Flare98.62

Excellent landing flare

It lost 1.4 points, mostly for taking only 363 fpm of the sink out.

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
1,216ft
Centreline100.00
7.1ft R
Speed100.00
151kttarget 151 or less
Touchdown rate97.22
-262fpm
Impact100.00
1.24G
BouncesOk
None
Bank100.00
0.2°as the wheels touched

Rollout

Rollout distance100.00
4,616ft56 % used
Rollout alignment100.00
6.5ft L

Taxi in

LightsOk
All set
Taxi speed100.00
18kt peak8 kt in turns

Side view — the last 6,232 ft of the approach.

Began the flare at 28 ft, 183 ft before the threshold; crossed the threshold at 21 ft, 29 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 1,216 ft in, 216 ft past the ideal 1,000 ft.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 6,232 ft across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 1,000 ft in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

21 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 Flare began at 28 ft, 183 ft before the threshold−567 fpm · 5° · 159 ktdescent slowed at 7 ft · −204 fpm · 6.5°−262 fpm · 6.4° nose up · 152 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 1,000 ft This flight — 21 ft, down at 1,216 ft

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 570 fpm at the flare to 260 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 1.4° on the way down. Into the flare at 159 kt, 5 kt over the 154 kt approach speed, and 152 kt at touchdown.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,0000°5°10°descent slowedtouchdown−262 fpm at touchdown6.4° at touchdown, +1.4° from the flare
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the first 6,232 ft of the 10,398 ft runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down 5 ft right of the centreline, and stayed within 7 ft of it down the rollout. Little crosswind (2 kt): nothing to correct for. Touched down straight, wings level.

Wind 250° at 3 kt · 1 kt head · 2 kt across

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way. The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. The sentence gives the nose against the direction you were actually moving as the wheels touched, and the steepest bank as they touched, the figure the touchdown's Bank tile marks. The rest of it is shown for reading, not marked.

1,0002,0003,0004,0005,0006,000 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ CROSS 2 kn FULL SCORE TO 1,650 FT 1,216 ft past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 1,216 ft touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 5,832 ft of 10,398 ft · 56 %
In the air over the runway, 1,216 ftRollout, 4,616 ft Left over, 4,566 ft

The stop — touchdown to taxi speed.

From 151 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 61 s, an average deceleration of 0.10 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

0408012016060 kt · 5,564 ft30 kt · 7,408 fttouchdown7,705 ftkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

The rest of the report

Explore in detail

Flight narrative

The MD-11 taxied from the parking area to runway 04R at PHNL for 14 minutes, covering 2 nm, and then departed on a take-off roll of 5,442 ft (61 % of runway). Rotation was at 159 kt. Local weather was 82 °F with a 5 kt wind from 049°, giving a 5 kt headwind and no cross-wind.

Initial climb to 1,000 ft agl took 21 seconds, averaging 2,418 fpm and reaching 179 kt at the top. The climb continued from 1,037 ft asl to 34,915 ft asl in 20 minutes, covering 135 nm, beginning about 1 mile north-east of PHNL.

The aircraft levelled at 35,000 ft asl for 193 minutes, covering 1,646 nm, starting 73 mi north of Haiku-Pauwela. A subsequent climb from 34,998 ft asl to 36,995 ft asl lasted 3 minutes over 27 nm, starting at latitude 34.7748813, longitude -129.2345326. Level flight continued at 37,000 ft asl for 30 minutes, covering 250 nm, starting at latitude 34.9438388, longitude -128.6895404.

Descent began from 36,999 ft asl to 1,219 ft asl in 23 minutes, covering 122 nm, starting 86 mi south-west of Pescadero. The final approach to runway 30 at KOAK descended from 1,249 ft agl to 47 ft agl in 89 seconds. Stabilisation checks at 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway were met for gear down, landing flap, sink rate, glideslope, centreline, speed and wings level. Configuration was landing gear down at 2,715 ft agl at 214 kt; final flap position 6 was selected at 2,234 ft agl at 184 kt.

Landing on runway 30 (runway length 10,398 ft) had a good threshold height and a threshold speed of 158 kt. The flare was described as excellent. Touchdown occurred 1,216 ft down the runway at 152 kt, noted as a little fast, with a fair touchdown rate of minus 262 fpm and very good runway-touchdown alignment. No bounce occurred. Total landing distance was 5,961 ft (57 % of runway) and rollout alignment was perfect. Local weather was 66 °F with a 4 kt wind from 270°, giving a 3 kt headwind and 2 kt cross-wind.

After landing, the aircraft taxied to the parking area for 6 minutes, covering 1 nm. The total flight covered 2,191 nm in 285 minutes and used 79,874 lb of fuel.

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