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YWLM
Williamtown, Australia
Runway 12
Elevation23 ft asl
Weight17,797 kg
Fuel3,168 kg
Wind90° · 15 kn · 9 kn cross

Flight Score

67.10 %
YWLM
Williamtown, Australia
Runway 30
Elevation23 ft asl
Weight16,587 kg
Fuel1,884 kg
Wind90° · 9 kn · 6 kn cross
22 Feb 2026 0:04 19 nm Boeing F/A 18E 1,284 kg
Departure Score
93.22 %
Enroute Score
22.68 %
Arrival Score
85.39 %

What went well

Straight touchdown — 0.64 m off the centreline, no bounce
Lifted off at 200 kt — on the 170 kt target
Airborne in 134 m — 6 % of the runway

What held you back

Enroute Descent — GPWS warning; speed limits at 0 %, bank angle up to 179.1 ° at 0 %, −10.00 points
Enroute Descent — stall warning, then GPWS warning; speed limits at 0 %, bank angle up to 95.2 ° at 0 %, −9.60 points
Enroute Climb — 250 kt exceeded below 10,000 ft, then GPWS warning; bank angle up to 177.5 ° at 0 %, g force 0.74 to 6.38 g at 0 %, −6.18 points
Arrival Touchdown — bank angle up to 10.3 ° at 0 %, Speed at touchdown 162 kt at 88 %, −1.46 points

Next time

Shorten the long landing

See Arrival Touchdown

Ground effect becomes significant below about one wingspan of height. A Cessna 172, with a 36 ft span, enters ground effect at flare height - the float it feels in the hold-off is ground effect arriving on cue. An A320, with a span around 117 ft, has been in ground effect since before the threshold and there is no sudden cushion to feel, only a gradual reduction in induced drag that lengthens any float you allow.

Read more in Flare Timing

Start to finish · 11 stages, 10 in the score

The flight story

The approach before the go-around was abandoned. Its marks are shown, but only the approach that landed counts.

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 100.00Taxiing from the parking to the runway took less than 1 minute. and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 0 kt0 kt min to max 0 kt 0 0 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 0 ktmax 0 kt 0 0 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle 0.0 °0.0 ° min to max 0.0 ° 0.0 0.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.0 °0.0 ° min to max 0.0 ° 0.0 0.0 °
Departure Roll 98.86Departure roll runway 12 at YWLM Newcastle Airport. Takeoff distance 291 m 13 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 172 kt. Local weather - Temperature 33 °C. Wind 15 kt at 90 °. Crosswind: 9 kt Headwind: 11 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 291 m13 % of runway
100 % Liftoff speed was 172 ktTarget 170 kt
94 % Runway alignment max 4.61 m left4.61 m left to 0.00 m left 3.77 2.57 m
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.99 g min to max 1.12 g 1.00 1.12 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle -0.3 °-0.9 ° min to max 5.3 ° -0.8 5.3 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.1 0.1 °
Departure Climb 1 100.00Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 12 YWLM Newcastle Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.1 °-0.0 ° min to max 0.2 ° -0.0 0.2 °
100 % Average speed 199 kt173 kt min to max 221 kt 173 221 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.2 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.13 g1.06 g min to max 1.18 g 1.13 1.16 g
Info Average VSI 702 fpm328 fpm min to max 1,156 fpm 328 1,156 fpm
Info Average altitude 10 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 28 ft agl 0 28 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 6.0 °5.4 ° min to max 7.1 ° 5.4 7.1 °

Events

Info Pitot Heat Switched On 12 ft agl · 192 kt
Info Landing Gear Up 23 ft agl · 211 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 23 ft agl · 211 kt
Departure Climb 2 74.03Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 12 YWLM Newcastle Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.3 °0.2 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.2 0.2 °
100 % Average speed 264 kt222 kt min to max 349 kt 222 349 kt
0 % Average bank angle 2.0 °0.0 ° min to max 73.2 ° 0.0 73.2 °
90 % Average g force 0.87 g0.16 g min to max 1.52 g 1.15 1.52 g
Info Average VSI 746 fpm158 fpm min to max 1,488 fpm 1,183 1,262 fpm
Info Average altitude 74 ft agl30 ft agl min to max 197 ft agl 30 197 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 2.4 °0.1 ° min to max 7.1 ° 7.1 3.3 °

Events

Fail Exceeded 250 kn below 10000 ft 303 ft agl
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Activated 91 ft agl · 257 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 91 ft agl · 257 kt
Info Autopilot Flight Director Activated 91 ft agl · 257 kt
Info Autopilot Yaw Damper Activated 91 ft agl · 257 kt
Info 49 Activated 91 ft agl · 257 kt
Enroute Climb 44.41Enroute climb started overhead Williamtown (State of New South Wales, Australia). Climbing from 448 ft asl to 3,805 ft asl, an increase of 3,357 ft in 1 minutes and covering 4 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
86 % Average speed 319 kt208 kt min to max 389 kt 343 236 kt
0 % Average bank angle 68.0 °0.1 ° min to max 177.5 ° 73.1 177.5 °
0 % Average g force 3.78 g0.74 g min to max 6.38 g 6.38 0.74 g
Info Average VSI 3,934 fpm-9,038 fpm min to max 26,426 fpm 1,374 -3,879 fpm
Info Average altitude 1,720 ft asl448 ft asl min to max 3,810 ft asl 448 3,805 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 9.2 °-39.5 ° min to max 81.4 ° 7.2 -19.8 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Fail Exceeded 250 kn below 10000 ft 447 ft agl
Fail GPWS Warning Activated 1,061 ft agl · 315 kt
Info Autopilot Bank Hold Deactivated 307 ft agl · 348 kt
Info Autopilot Bank Hold Activated 495 ft agl · 331 kt
Info GPWS Warning Deactivated 709 ft agl · 315 kt
Info Autopilot Bank Hold Deactivated 805 ft agl · 350 kt
Info Autopilot Yaw Damper Deactivated 2,312 ft agl · 269 kt
Info 49 Deactivated 2,312 ft agl · 269 kt
Info Stall Warning Activated 2,760 ft agl · 249 kt
Info Stall Warning Deactivated 3,466 ft agl · 238 kt
Info Stall Warning Activated 3,788 ft agl · 255 kt
Info Autopilot Yaw Damper Activated 3,789 ft agl · 220 kt
Info 49 Activated 3,789 ft agl · 220 kt
Info Stall Warning Deactivated 3,789 ft agl · 220 kt
Enroute Descent 10.00Enroute descent started overhead Williamtown (State of New South Wales, Australia). Descent from 3,703 ft asl to 734 ft asl, a decrease of 2,969 ft in 2 minutes and covering 10 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Average speed 317 kt110 kt min to max 496 kt 259 293 kt
0 % Average bank angle 73.5 °0.0 ° min to max 179.1 ° 176.7 39.3 °
0 % Average g force 3.65 g-0.46 g min to max 7.05 g 1.27 5.40 g
Info Average VSI -1,281 fpm-30,199 fpm min to max 37,368 fpm -8,638 -505 fpm
Info Average altitude 2,263 ft asl422 ft asl min to max 5,823 ft asl 3,703 734 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -3.7 °-81.8 ° min to max 82.0 ° -29.8 18.6 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Fail GPWS Warning Activated 1,081 ft agl · 399 kt
Fail GPWS Warning Activated 1,238 ft agl · 352 kt
Fail GPWS Warning Activated 1,240 ft agl · 313 kt
Fail GPWS Warning Activated 1,002 ft agl · 278 kt
Info Autopilot Bank Hold Activated 2,051 ft agl · 389 kt
Info Stall Warning Activated 2,223 ft agl · 299 kt
Info Stall Warning Deactivated 2,628 ft agl · 272 kt
Info GPWS Warning Deactivated 196 ft agl · 491 kt
Info Autopilot Bank Hold Deactivated 1,060 ft agl · 504 kt
Info Autopilot Yaw Damper Deactivated 5,776 ft agl · 282 kt
Info 49 Deactivated 5,776 ft agl · 282 kt
Info Stall Warning Activated 5,890 ft agl · 255 kt
Info Stall Warning Deactivated 5,889 ft agl · 233 kt
Info Autopilot Yaw Damper Activated 4,996 ft agl · 260 kt
Info 49 Activated 4,996 ft agl · 260 kt
Info Autopilot Bank Hold Activated 840 ft agl · 348 kt
Info GPWS Warning Deactivated 457 ft agl · 398 kt
Info GPWS Warning Deactivated 852 ft agl · 303 kt
Info Autopilot Yaw Damper Deactivated 1,306 ft agl · 262 kt
Info Autopilot Bank Hold Deactivated 1,306 ft agl · 262 kt
Info 49 Deactivated 1,306 ft agl · 262 kt
Info Stall Warning Activated 1,306 ft agl · 262 kt
Info Stall Warning Deactivated 1,675 ft agl · 240 kt
Info Stall Warning Activated 3,820 ft agl · 188 kt
Info Stall Warning Deactivated 3,796 ft agl · 164 kt
Info Autopilot Yaw Damper Activated 3,164 ft agl · 233 kt
Info 49 Activated 3,164 ft agl · 233 kt
Info Autopilot Yaw Damper Deactivated 2,776 ft agl · 261 kt
Info 49 Deactivated 2,776 ft agl · 261 kt
Info Stall Warning Activated 2,776 ft agl · 261 kt
Info Autopilot Yaw Damper Activated 2,339 ft agl · 246 kt
Info Autopilot Bank Hold Activated 2,339 ft agl · 246 kt
Info 49 Activated 2,339 ft agl · 246 kt
Info Stall Warning Deactivated 1,002 ft agl · 278 kt
Info GPWS Warning Deactivated 503 ft agl · 316 kt
Arrival Crosswind 0.00Not counted in the flight scoreRight hand pattern entry. Distance was less than 1 nm in 4 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Heading 75.5 °46.1 ° min to max 108.6 ° 46.1 108.6 °
0 % Average altitude 1,166 ft agl745 ft agl min to max 1,576 ft agl 745 1,576 ft agl
0 % Average speed 190 kt124 kt min to max 274 kt 274 124 kt
Info Average VSI 9,320 fpm4,781 fpm min to max 12,529 fpm 4,781 8,714 fpm
Info Average pitch angle 32.9 °27.9 ° min to max 40.6 ° 29.2 30.1 °
Info Average bank angle 84.6 °47.2 ° min to max 111.2 ° 47.2 94.0 °
Info Average g force 3.42 g0.84 g min to max 6.17 g 6.17 0.84 g

Events

Info Autopilot Yaw Damper Deactivated 629 ft agl · 279 kt
Info 49 Deactivated 629 ft agl · 279 kt
Info Stall Warning Activated 629 ft agl · 279 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 834 ft agl · 241 kt
Info Autopilot Yaw Damper Activated 1,056 ft agl · 218 kt
Info 49 Activated 1,056 ft agl · 218 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 1,056 ft agl · 218 kt
Enroute Descent 2 13.63Enroute descent started overhead Williamtown (State of New South Wales, Australia). Descent from 1,724 ft asl to 317 ft asl, a decrease of 1,407 ft in 1 minutes and covering 3 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Average speed 188 kt71 kt min to max 240 kt 98 198 kt
0 % Average bank angle 32.1 °0.3 ° min to max 95.2 ° 95.2 4.1 °
36 % Average g force 1.45 g0.39 g min to max 3.73 g 0.81 0.99 g
Info Average VSI -1,343 fpm-4,116 fpm min to max 6,383 fpm 6,383 -1,092 fpm
Info Average altitude 1,011 ft asl317 ft asl min to max 1,881 ft asl 1,724 317 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 3.7 °-5.5 ° min to max 24.6 ° 24.6 0.0 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Fail Stall Warning Activated 1,592 ft agl · 93 kt
Fail GPWS Warning Activated 891 ft agl · 236 kt
Fail GPWS Warning Activated 453 ft agl · 232 kt
Info Stall Warning Deactivated 1,660 ft agl · 100 kt
Info Stall Warning Deactivated 1,143 ft agl · 146 kt
Info Autopilot Bank Hold Deactivated 1,098 ft agl · 166 kt
Info Autopilot Bank Hold Activated 860 ft agl · 223 kt
Info GPWS Warning Deactivated 519 ft agl · 237 kt
Info GPWS Warning Deactivated 130 ft agl · 211 kt
Info Autopilot Bank Hold Deactivated 109 ft agl · 208 kt
Arrival Final 1 100.00Approaching runway 30 at YWLM Newcastle Airport from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 293 ft agl to 266 ft agl. A decrease of 27 ft in 1 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 3.6 °3.4 ° min to max 3.7 °Target 3.0 ° 3.4 3.7 °
100 % Average speed 196 kt194 kt min to max 198 kt 198 194 kt
100 % Heading variation 0.3 °0.3 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.3 0.3 °
100 % Average bank angle 0.0 °0.0 ° min to max 0.0 ° 0.0 0.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.05 g0.96 g min to max 1.16 g 0.99 1.01 g
Info Average VSI -1,037 fpm-1,087 fpm min to max -945 fpm -1,087 -945 fpm
Info Average altitude 280 ft agl266 ft agl min to max 293 ft agl 293 266 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 0.8 °0.0 ° min to max 1.4 ° 0.0 0.9 °

Events

Info Autopilot Bank Hold Activated 75 ft agl · 204 kt
00.250.50.751050Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-30-23-15-7.507.5152330Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Landing 69.32Landing on runway 30 at YWLM Newcastle Airport, runway length 2,223 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was excessively high at 194 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Threshold speed was excessively high at 194 kt. Target 125 kt
100 % Good threshold height.Target 50 ft agl
77 % Good landing flare
100 % Runway alignment max 0.08 m left0.08 m left to 0.05 m left 0.08 0.05 m
100 % Average bank angle 1.4 °0.3 ° min to max 2.5 ° 1.0 1.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.06 g0.94 g min to max 1.31 g 0.98 1.00 g
Info Average speed 176 kt162 kt min to max 194 kt 194 162 kt
Info Average VSI -616 fpm-970 fpm min to max -303 fpm -939 -311 fpm
Info Average altitude 13 ft agl-8 ft agl min to max 50 ft agl 50 -8 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 3.1 °0.9 ° min to max 4.4 ° 0.9 4.4 °
0751502253003754505256006757508259009751,0501,1251,2001,2751,3501,4251,5001,5751,65001223354658Runway Distance mLanding Height ft0751502253003754505256006757508259009751,0501,1251,2001,2751,3501,4251,5001,5751,650-24-20-16-12-8-404812162024Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 86.86Touchdown point was very long using more than 50% of available runway. Touchdown speed at 162 kt was fast. Touchdown rate was firm at -311 fpm. Runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 4.5 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 35 °C. Wind 9 kt at 90 °. Crosswind: 6 kt Tailwind: 7 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
88 % Touchdown rate was -311 fpm.
88 % Touchdown distance was 564 mTarget 457 m
88 % Speed at touchdown 162 ktTarget below 144 kt
95 % Runway alignment max 4.48 m left0.84 m left 4.48 -0.64 m
0 % Average bank angle 1.0 °0.0 ° min to max 10.3 ° 1.6 10.3 °
98 % Average g force 1.02 g0.94 g min to max 1.58 g 1.00 1.28 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 129 kt104 kt min to max 162 kt 162 104 kt
Info Average pitch angle 7.5 °4.4 ° min to max 8.6 ° 4.4 8.6 °

Events

Info Autopilot Yaw Damper Deactivated 7 ft agl · 166 kt
Info 49 Deactivated 7 ft agl · 166 kt
Info Autopilot Yaw Damper Activated 10 ft agl · 160 kt
Info 49 Activated 10 ft agl · 160 kt
Info Autopilot Yaw Damper Deactivated 8 ft agl · 106 kt
Info 49 Deactivated 8 ft agl · 106 kt
Info Pitot Heat Switched Off 8 ft agl · 106 kt

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Lifted off at 200 kt with 5.4° of pitch.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then.

360 kt240120020°10°0°LIFTOFF5.4° off7° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH01020 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitch

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 m 15 kt -0.8° 0 s
80 kt85 m 80 kt -0.8° 4.1 s
Liftoff466 m · target 170 200 kt 5.4° 9.9 s
35 ft830 m · 3.5 s after liftoff 226 kt 6.7° 13.4 s
End of the climb2,589 m · 197 ft 349 kt 3.3° 25.1 s

Takeoff from YWLM 12

Taxi lightsOk
Set
Takeoff roll100.00
134m6 %
Liftoff speed100.00
200kttarget 170, 30 fast
Runway alignment94.32
4.61m L
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Rate of climb100.00
951fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to 197 ft.

Reached 35 ft with 2,146 m of runway left; then climbing at 780 fpm on average to 197 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length.

500 ft250 ft0THRESHOLDRUNWAY END6080100120140160KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLLiftoff 200 kt
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runway

Plan view the roll down the 2,223 m runway.

Rolled from the start of the runway, drifted left of the centreline, 4.5 m at the widest, and lifted off 2.5 m left, in 9 kn of crosswind from the left. Airborne 0 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

5001,0001,5002,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓CROSS9 kn75 %widest 4.48 m LAirborne 0 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 0 m of 2,223 m · 0 %
Takeoff roll, 0 m Left ahead, 2,223 m

The stabilisation gates

One stabilised approach gate: seven checks where the approach path is 300 ft above the runway. The 1,000 ft gate was not assessed, because the approach did not join final that far out.

Seven checks, one gate300 ft
Gear down
Landing flap
Sink rate
On glideslope
On centreline
On speed
Wings level

At the 300 ft gate: no landing flap set, sink rate more than 600 fpm beyond what the glideslope needed, glideslope more than 1° off the runway's 3°, wings more than 10° from level and speed more than 15 kt above the approach speed of 125 kt.

When the approach was stable

Never every check met at once: no landing flap all the way, fast all the way, high until 0.6 nm, banked until 0.4 nm, sinking too fast until 0.3 nm, left of the centreline from 0.2 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.

Gear downLanding flapSink rateOn glideslopeOn centrelineOn speedWings levelAll checks4 nm321THR
Check metNot metStabilisation gate

The approach to YWLM 30

The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 1° band in green.

High from 0.9 nm, where the final began, to 0.6 nm (up to 130 ft over), then back on it to the threshold.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.

5001,0001,5002,000 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 1° BAND263300 ft gate2 of 7landing flapsink rateon glideslopeon speedwings level483 ft · 224 kt
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height thereStabilisation gate

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.

Joined 238 m right of the centreline at 0.9 nm, then inside it from 0.7 to 0.2 nm, then 11 m left of it from 0.2 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR305 m L0305 m RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND7 m L238 m R
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 31 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 19 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.

Fast from 0.9 nm, where the final began, to the threshold (up to +99 kt).

How to read this

Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.

120140160180200220 kt4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRAPPROACH SPEED 125+88 kt+69 kt
Your airspeedApproach speedWhat the gates allowOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Landing and touchdown on YWLM 30

Over the threshold

Threshold height100.00
49ft
Threshold speed0.00
193kttarget 125, 68 fast
Centreline offset100.00
0.08m L

Touchdown

Past threshold88.35
564m
Centreline94.78
4.48m L
Speed87.74
161kttarget 121, 40 fast
Touchdown rate87.83
-453fpmfirst contact -393 fpm
Impact97.71
1.58G
BouncesOk
None
The flare77.26

Good landing flare

The crosswind

6 kt across from the right, which takes about 2° of crab to hold the centreline at 162 kt. Touched down straight - the crab taken out before the wheels touched, wings level.

Wind 090° at 9 kt · 7 kt tail · 6 kt across

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 49 ft, close to the 50 ft target. Touched down 564 m in, 259 m past the ideal 305 m.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,524 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

49 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 −393 fpm · 4.4° nose up · 162 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 49 ft, down at 564 m

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 880 fpm at 49 ft to 390 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 3.5° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,0000°5°10°touchdown−393 fpm at touchdown4.4° at touchdown
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 2,223 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down on the centreline.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

5001,0001,500 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ CROSS 6 kn FULL SCORE TO 503 M 564 m past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

Touched down 564 m past the threshold — beyond the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 564 m of 2,223 m · 25 %
In the air over the runway, 564 mRollout, 0 m Left over, 1,659 m

The rest of the report

Explore in detail

Flight narrative

The flight began with the aircraft, a Boeing F/A-18E, taxiing from the parking area to the runway at YWLM Newcastle Airport. This short taxiing period took less than a minute and covered a distance of less than 1 nautical mile. The aircraft then departed from runway 12, with a takeoff distance of 291 meters, which is approximately 13% of the runway length. The liftoff speed was 172 knots.

As the aircraft took off, it encountered local weather conditions with a temperature of 33 degrees Celsius and a wind speed of 15 knots at a direction of 90 degrees. This resulted in a crosswind of 9 knots and a headwind of 11 knots. The aircraft then began its enroute climb, starting overhead Williamtown, a location in the state of New South Wales, Australia. During this climb, the aircraft ascended from an altitude of 448 feet above sea level to 3,805 feet above sea level, an increase of 3,357 feet, in just 1 minute and covering a distance of 4 nautical miles.

The enroute descent started overhead Williamtown, with the aircraft descending from 3,703 feet above sea level to 734 feet above sea level, a decrease of 2,969 feet, in 2 minutes and covering a distance of 10 nautical miles. The aircraft then entered a right-hand pattern, with the distance covered being less than 1 nautical mile in just 4 seconds.

The aircraft then began another enroute descent, this time from 1,724 feet above sea level to 317 feet above sea level, a decrease of 1,407 feet, in 1 minute and covering a distance of 3 nautical miles. The final approach to runway 30 at YWLM Newcastle Airport was made from the south-east, with the aircraft heading at 311.0 degrees and at an altitude of 293 feet above ground level.

The landing on runway 30 was made with a runway length of 2,223 meters. The threshold height was good, but the threshold speed was excessively high at 194 knots. The touchdown point was very long, using more than 50% of the available runway. The touchdown speed was 162 knots, which was fast, and the touchdown rate was firm at -311 feet per minute. The runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 4.5 meters from the centerline. The local weather conditions during the landing were a temperature of 35 degrees Celsius and a wind speed of 9 knots at a direction of 90 degrees, resulting in a crosswind of 6 knots and a tailwind of 7 knots.

The total flight distance was 19 nautical miles, taking 4 minutes, and the aircraft used 1,284 kilograms of fuel during the flight.

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