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Arrival
Reduce power sooner on final so you cross the threshold at 142 kt, carrying that speed into the flare.
What happened: Crossing the threshold at 152 kt, 10 kt above 142 kt, usually leaves extra energy that lets the sink come back after the flare has arrested it, and that returning sink usually carries through to a firm touchdown.
Watch for: Airspeed indicator: 142 kt at the threshold.
Ground effect becomes significant below about one wingspan of height. A Cessna 172, with a 36 ft span, enters ground effect at flare height - the float it feels in the hold-off is ground effect arriving on cue. An A320, with a span around 117 ft, has been in ground effect since before the threshold and there is no sudden cushion to feel, only a gradual reduction in induced drag that lengthens any float you allow.
Read more in Flare TimingStart to finish · 15 stages, 13 scored
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The threshold, the flare and the hold-off. The approach that led to it is the stabilisation gates below.
Two stabilised approach gates, each with seven checks, where the approach path is 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway. They are the approach's score: the checks passed out of the checks that ran.
The approach, gate by gate
Side view — the last 1,977 m of the approach.
Plan view — the first 1,977 m of the 3,181 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down 759 m past the threshold — beyond the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.
The rest of the report
The aircraft taxied from the parking area to runway 06R at LEPA Palma de Mallorca Airport, a movement that required 13 minutes and covered 2 nm.
During the departure roll on runway 06R, the Boeing 737-800 accelerated over a distance of 1,926 m, representing 74 % of the available runway, and lifted off at 158 kt. Ambient conditions were a temperature of 32 °C with a wind of 11 kt from 233°, a cross-wind component of 1 kt and a tail-wind component of 11 kt.
The climb commenced 2 miles east of LEPA, where the aircraft rose from 997 ft asl to 34,806 ft asl, an altitude gain of 33,809 ft achieved in 18 minutes while covering 109 nm.
Level cruise began 41 miles north-west of Sant Antoni de Portmany and continued for 52 minutes, during which the airplane travelled 360 nm.
Descent started 1 mile north-east of Ciudad Rodrigo, with the aircraft descending from 34,558 ft asl to 1,346 ft asl, a loss of 33,211 ft in 28 minutes and a distance of 136 nm.
On final approach to runway 17 at LPPR Francisco de Sá Carneiro Airport, the flight descended from 1,212 ft agl to 37 ft agl in 106 seconds and was scored on the stabilisation gates.
Landing on runway 17 was executed with a threshold speed of 152 kt, slightly above target, and the aircraft touched down 332 m beyond the touchdown zone at 143 kt, a speed described as a little fast. The touchdown rate was fair at minus 229 fpm and the touchdown point was offset 8.1 m from the centreline. Local weather reported a temperature of 24 °C, wind 24 kt from 190°, a cross-wind of 9 kt and a head-wind component of 22 kt. The total landing distance measured 1,886 m, equivalent to 59 % of the runway length of 3,181 m.
Runway rollout alignment was recorded as very good, confirming the aircraft remained on the centreline during the deceleration phase.
The aircraft taxied from the runway to the parking area in 3 minutes, covering less than 1 nm.
In total, the flight covered 614 nm, required 115 minutes of airborne time and consumed 4,432 kg of fuel.
The approach to runway 17 at LPPR Francisco de Sá Carneiro Airport was assessed as stabilised at the 1,000 ft gate, with gear, flaps, sink rate, glideslope, centreline and speed all within limits. The aircraft descended from 1,212 ft AGL to 37 ft AGL in 106 seconds, maintaining the required parameters throughout the final approach.
At threshold the height was good and the threshold speed was slightly above target at 152 kt. The aircraft touched down 332 m beyond the touchdown zone, with a touchdown speed of 143 kt that was a little fast and a touchdown rate rated fair at minus 229 fpm. The touchdown point was misaligned by 8.1 m from the centreline.
Touchdown occurred with the noted speed, rate and lateral offset, confirming the figures recorded for the flare and initial ground roll.
Rollout used a total landing distance of 1,886 m, representing 59 % of the 3,181 m runway, and runway rollout alignment was very good.
Coaching should focus on reducing the threshold speed to the target value and aiming to touch down nearer the 300 m (1,000 ft) aim point while keeping centreline alignment within tighter limits.
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