KLNS to 17N Flight Report - Cessna C172

Flight from KLNS to 17N

Wednesday, 29 January 2025 12:22

Minutes 41

70 nm

Fuel -69 kg

Cessna C172

Departure

Runway 26 at KLNS

Lancaster Airport

Lancaster, Pennsylvania, United States

Altitude

390 ft asl

Weight

1,034 kg

Fuel

9 kg

Temperature

9 °C

Wind Speed

28 kt

Wind Direction

270.0 °

Headwind

26 kt

Crosswind

10 kt

Arrival

Runway 27 at 17N

Cross Keys

Cross Keys New Jersey, United States

148 ft asl

Altitude

1,104 kg

Weight

78 kg

Fuel

11 °C

Temperature

28 kt

Wind Speed

270.0 °

Wind Direction

27 kt

Headwind

7 kt

Crosswind

Flight Score 91.62%

Departure Score 80.07%

Enroute Score 99.40%

Arrival Score 95.38%

The flight began with a taxiing period from the parking area to the runway, which took 6 minutes and covered a distance of 1 nautical mile. The aircraft, a Cessna C172, then departed from runway 26 at KLNS Lancaster Airport. The takeoff distance was 57 meters, which accounted for 3% of the runway length. The liftoff speed was 60 knots, and the aircraft lifted off the ground at that speed.

The local weather conditions at the time of takeoff were characterized by a temperature of 11 degrees Celsius and a wind speed of 28 knots from a direction of 269 degrees. This resulted in a crosswind of 10 knots and a headwind of 26 knots. The pilot navigated the aircraft to a level cruise altitude, starting overhead KLNS Lancaster Airport, and this phase of the flight lasted for just 1 minute, covering less than 1 nautical mile.

The enroute climb phase began overhead KLNS Lancaster Airport, where the aircraft climbed from an altitude of 794 feet above sea level to 1,769 feet above sea level, an increase of 976 feet, in 2 minutes and covering a distance of 3 nautical miles. Following this climb, the aircraft entered another level cruise phase, this time starting 1 mile southwest of Brownstown, Pennsylvania, and lasting for 25 minutes, covering a distance of 62 nautical miles.

As the flight progressed, the pilot began the final approach to runway 27 at 17N Cross Keys, approaching from the east at a heading of 254.0 degrees and at an altitude of 805 feet above ground level, 3 nautical miles from the runway. The local weather conditions remained the same, with a temperature of 11 degrees Celsius and a wind speed of 28 knots from a direction of 269 degrees, resulting in a crosswind of 8 knots and a headwind of 27 knots.

The landing on runway 27 at 17N Cross Keys was successful, with a touchdown distance of 140 meters and a touchdown speed of 49 knots, both of which were considered good. The touchdown rate was firm at -323 feet per minute, and the runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned from the centerline by 5.6 meters. The total flight distance was 70 nautical miles, and the flight duration was 41 minutes, during which the aircraft used 69 kilograms of fuel.

Vertical profile — planned vs actual

Flight Map

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Flight Stages KLNS to 17N

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Departure Taxi

85.73 %

Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 6 minutes and covered 1 nm.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
99.33 %	Average speed 15 kn 0 kn min to max 25 kn	0		6 kn
65 %	Average speed turning corners 13 kn max 20 kn	0		6 kn
100 %	Average g force 1.00 g 0.97 g min to max 1.01 g	1.00		1.00 g
Info	Average pitch angle 3.0 ° -0.2 ° min to max 4.0 °	3.6		2.2 °
Info	Average bank angle 0.5 ° 0.0 ° min to max 6.1 °	0.4		0.9 °
Info	Battery Master On at 12:22:35
Info	Engine 1 Started at 12:22:35
Info	Parking Brake On at 12:22:35
Info	Pitot Heat Switched On at 12:22:51
Info	Beacon Lights Switched On at 12:22:52
Info	Taxi Lights Switched On at 12:22:54
Info	Navigation Lights Switched On at 12:22:56
Info	Strobe Lights Switched On at 12:22:58
Info	Flaps Position 1 at 12:23:48
Info	Parking Brake Off at 12:24:09

Departure Runway Entry

Entering runway 26 at KLNS Lancaster Airport, Average speed was 25 kn.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
Info	Average speed 10 kn 0 kn min to max 28 kn	0		28 kn
Info	Average pitch angle 3.7 ° 3.1 ° min to max 4.2 °	3.8		4.0 °
Info	Average bank angle 0.6 ° 0.0 ° min to max 1.7 °	0.3		1.7 °
Info	Average g force 1.00 g 0.98 g min to max 1.00 g	1.00		0.98 g

Departure Roll

89.08 %

Departure roll runway 26 at KLNS Lancaster Airport. Takeoff distance 57 m 3 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 60 kn. Local weather - Temperature 11 °C. Wind 28 kn at 269 °. Crosswind: 10 kn Headwind: 26 kn.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Takeoff distance 57 m 3 % of runway
100 %	Liftoff speed was 60 kn Target 65 kn
70.42 %	Runway alignment max 11.16 m 0.00 m left to 11.16 m right	-10.55		-11.16 m
100 %	Average g force 0.99 g 0.97 g min to max 1.03 g	1.00		0.99 g
100 %	Takeoff Bounce
Info	Average pitch angle 2.6 ° 0.4 ° min to max 7.7 °	3.9		7.7 °
Info	Average bank angle 7.4 ° 0.6 ° min to max 15.4 °	0.6		15.3 °
0 %	Landing Lights at 12:30:30

Departure Climb 1

82.21 %

Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 26 KLNS Lancaster Airport.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
77.33 %	Heading variation 1.7 ° -0.5 ° min to max 3.0 °	3.0		-0.5 °
100 %	Average speed 57 kn 52 kn min to max 60 kn	60		52 kn
51.97 %	Average bank angle 16.4 ° 12.2 ° min to max 20.2 °	15.1		14.2 °
98.86 %	Average g force 1.28 g 1.01 g min to max 1.54 g	1.01		1.03 g
Info	Average VSI 899 fpm 466 fpm min to max 1,238 fpm	466		1,238 fpm
Info	Average altitude 20 ft agl 0 ft agl min to max 49 ft agl	0		49 ft agl
Info	Average pitch angle 20.5 ° 9.2 ° min to max 23.9 °	9.2		22.2 °
Info	Stall Warning Activated at 12:30:33
Info	Stall Warning Deactivated at 12:30:35

Departure Climb 2

63.25 %

Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 26 KLNS Lancaster Airport.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
0 %	Heading variation -5.6 ° -10.8 ° min to max -0.8 °	-0.8		-10.8 °
100 %	Average speed 44 kn 41 kn min to max 52 kn	52		46 kn
53 %	Average bank angle 11.9 ° 0.1 ° min to max 19.9 °	14.0		0.9 °
100 %	Average g force 0.79 g 0.68 g min to max 1.00 g	0.98		1.00 g
Info	Average VSI 689 fpm -25 fpm min to max 1,281 fpm	1,258		-25 fpm
Info	Average altitude 74 ft agl 52 ft agl min to max 81 ft agl	52		77 ft agl
Info	Average pitch angle 13.4 ° 7.8 ° min to max 21.7 °	21.7		8.0 °
Info	Stall Warning Activated at 12:30:39

Enroute Level

100 %

Enroute level cruise started overhead KLNS Lancaster Airport Lancaster (Pennsylvania, United States) and lasted 1 minutes, covering less than 1 nm.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Average altitude 487 ft asl 459 ft asl min to max 778 ft asl	466		778 ft asl
100 %	Average speed 57 kn 48 kn min to max 79 kn	48		79 kn
100 %	Average bank angle 8.1 ° 0.4 ° min to max 16.6 °	2.0		10.7 °
100 %	Average g force 1.03 g 0.81 g min to max 1.32 g	1.00		1.12 g
Info	Turn coordination 0 0 min to max 0	0		0
Info	Average pitch angle 8.1 ° 3.0 ° min to max 13.7 °	6.9		10.0 °
Info	Stall Warning Deactivated at 12:30:40
Info	Stall Warning Activated at 12:30:41
Info	Stall Warning Deactivated at 12:30:42
Info	Flaps Fully Retracted at 12:30:56

Enroute Climb

100 %

Enroute climb started overhead KLNS Lancaster Airport Lancaster (Pennsylvania, United States). Climbing from 794 ft asl to 1,769 ft asl, an increase of 976 ft in 2 minutes and covering 3 nm.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Average speed 83 kn 68 kn min to max 112 kn	78		112 kn
100 %	Average bank angle 7.6 ° 0.0 ° min to max 24.8 °	11.6		0.8 °
100 %	Average g force 1.01 g 0.85 g min to max 1.16 g	1.12		0.93 g
Info	Average VSI 485 fpm -302 fpm min to max 1,617 fpm	880		162 fpm
Info	Average altitude 1,434 ft asl 794 ft asl min to max 1,777 ft asl	794		1,769 ft asl
Info	Average pitch angle 7.0 ° 0.2 ° min to max 15.3 °	11.7		0.7 °
Info	Turn coordination 0 0 min to max 0	0		0
Info	Autopilot Master Switched On at 12:32:36
Info	Autopilot Heading Hold Activated at 12:32:36
Info	Autopilot Flight Director Activated at 12:32:36
Info	Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated at 12:32:37
Info	Autopilot Nav1 Lock Activated at 12:32:49

Enroute Level 2

98.21 %

Enroute level cruise started 1 mile south west of Brownstown (Pennsylvania, United States) and lasted 25 minutes, covering 62 nm.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
94.04 %	Average altitude 1,722 ft asl 954 ft asl min to max 1,784 ft asl	1,767		954 ft asl
100 %	Average speed 118 kn 65 kn min to max 129 kn	112		68 kn
100 %	Average bank angle 1.2 ° 0.0 ° min to max 25.2 °	2.2		2.5 °
100 %	Average g force 1.00 g 0.77 g min to max 1.50 g	0.77		1.02 g
Info	Turn coordination 0 0 min to max 0	0		0
Info	Average pitch angle 0.2 ° -3.9 ° min to max 4.6 °	0.4		2.1 °
Info	Autopilot Heading Hold Deactivated at 12:33:21
Info	Autopilot Nav1 Lock Deactivated at 12:34:26
Info	Autopilot Approach Mode Activated at 12:34:26
Info	Strobe Lights Switched Off at 12:51:52
Info	Strobe Lights Switched On at 12:52:16
Info	Landing Lights Switched On at 12:52:33
Info	Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated at 12:56:53
Info	Flaps Position 1 at 12:57:54

Arrival Final 3

100 %

Approaching runway 27 at 17N Cross Keys from 3 nm to 2 nm. Descent from 805 ft agl to 623 ft agl. A decrease of 182 ft in 35 seconds.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Approach angle 2.9 ° 2.8 ° min to max 2.9 ° Target 3.0 °	2.8		2.9 °
100 %	Average speed 91 kn 70 kn min to max 107 kn	70		105 kn
100 %	Heading variation 0.1 ° 0.0 ° min to max 0.2 °	0.2		0.1 °
100 %	Average bank angle 1.0 ° 0.1 ° min to max 2.2 °	1.8		0.2 °
100 %	Average g force 0.99 g 0.88 g min to max 1.14 g	1.03		0.99 g
Info	Average VSI -294 fpm -505 fpm min to max -69 fpm	-116		-431 fpm
Info	Average altitude 731 ft agl 623 ft agl min to max 805 ft agl	805		623 ft agl
Info	Average pitch angle -0.9 ° -3.3 ° min to max 2.2 °	2.2		-3.0 °

Arrival Final 2

99.71 %

Approaching runway 27 at 17N Cross Keys from 2 nm to 1 nm. Descent from 615 ft agl to 290 ft agl. A decrease of 325 ft in 43 seconds.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Approach angle 2.8 ° 2.6 ° min to max 2.9 ° Target 3.0 °	2.9		2.7 °
100 %	Average speed 102 kn 96 kn min to max 108 kn	106		98 kn
100 %	Heading variation 0.1 ° 0.0 ° min to max 0.1 °	0.1		0.1 °
98.57 %	Average bank angle 1.0 ° 0.0 ° min to max 3.5 °	0.8		1.3 °
100 %	Average g force 0.99 g 0.73 g min to max 1.20 g	0.98		1.01 g
Info	Average VSI -440 fpm -844 fpm min to max -152 fpm	-452		-452 fpm
Info	Average altitude 448 ft agl 290 ft agl min to max 615 ft agl	615		290 ft agl
Info	Average pitch angle -1.7 ° -3.5 ° min to max 1.6 °	-3.0		-1.1 °

Arrival Final 1

88.98 %

Approaching runway 27 at 17N Cross Keys from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 285 ft agl to 46 ft agl. A decrease of 239 ft in 55 seconds.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
84.75 %	Approach angle 3.2 ° 2.2 ° min to max 4.0 ° Target 3.0 °	2.7		2.2 °
100 %	Average speed 59 kn 50 kn min to max 102 kn	102		60 kn
100 %	Heading variation 0.1 ° -0.2 ° min to max 0.5 °	0.1		0.2 °
61.29 %	Average bank angle 5.1 ° 0.0 ° min to max 17.9 °	0.8		4.0 °
97.71 %	Average g force 1.02 g 0.46 g min to max 1.58 g	1.10		1.12 g
Info	Average VSI -319 fpm -650 fpm min to max 499 fpm	-320		-564 fpm
Info	Average altitude 119 ft agl 46 ft agl min to max 285 ft agl	285		46 ft agl
Info	Average pitch angle 1.6 ° -7.1 ° min to max 13.5 °	-1.4		1.3 °
Info	Flaps Position 2 at 13:00:02
Info	Flaps Position 3 at 13:00:05
Info	Stall Warning Activated at 13:00:27
Info	Stall Warning Deactivated at 13:00:28
Info	Stall Warning Activated at 13:00:34
Info	Stall Warning Deactivated at 13:00:35
Info	Stall Warning Activated at 13:00:44
Info	Stall Warning Deactivated at 13:00:45

Arrival Landing

95.04 %

Landing on runway 27 at 17N Cross Keys, runway length 1,002 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was good at 61 kn.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Threshold speed was good at 61 kn. Target 60 kn
100 %	Target 50 ft agl
83.32 %	Landing and flare profile
100 %	Heading variation 0.4 ° 0.2 ° min to max 0.5 °	0.2		0.4 °
92.14 %	Average bank angle 2.8 ° 0.0 ° min to max 5.8 °	4.0		1.3 °
100 %	Average g force 1.02 g 0.72 g min to max 1.33 g	1.18		0.97 g
Info	Average speed 51 kn 40 kn min to max 61 kn	61		49 kn
Info	Average VSI -291 fpm -560 fpm min to max 8 fpm	-560		-323 fpm
Info	Average altitude 14 ft agl -2 ft agl min to max 31 ft agl	31		-2 ft agl
Info	Average pitch angle 3.0 ° -1.0 ° min to max 7.8 °	2.3		2.6 °

Arrival Touchdown

93.17 %

Touchdown distance was good at 140 m. Touchdown speed at 49 kn was good. Touchdown rate was firm at -323 fpm. Runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 5.6 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 11 °C. Wind 28 kn at 269 °. Crosswind: 8 kn Headwind: 27 kn.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
92.3 %	Touchdown VSI was -323 fpm.
100 %	Touchdown distance was 140 m Target 457 m
100 %	Speed at touchdown 49 kn Target below 57 kn
90.71 %	Runway alignment max 5.60 m 4.13 m left	5.60		2.82 m
94.42 %	Average bank angle 2.4 ° 1.3 ° min to max 3.2 °	1.3		2.8 °
95.43 %	Average g force 1.11 g 0.62 g min to max 1.66 g	0.97		1.37 g
80 %	Landing Bounce
Info	Average speed 46 kn 39 kn min to max 51 kn	49		39 kn
Info	Average pitch angle 3.2 ° -2.3 ° min to max 9.9 °	2.6		-1.4 °

Runway Exit

Exiting runway, average speed 12 kn

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
Info	Average speed 10 kn 0 kn min to max 24 kn	24		4 kn
Info	Average pitch angle 2.7 ° -3.4 ° min to max 4.3 °	0.4		3.4 °
Info	Average bank angle 0.6 ° 0.0 ° min to max 9.5 °	1.8		0.6 °
Info	Average g force 1.00 g 0.89 g min to max 1.16 g	1.16		1.00 g
Info	Autopilot Master Switched Off at 13:01:25

Takeoff on runway 26 at KLNS Lancaster Airport in the Cessna C172

80.07 %

85.73 %

Taxi

Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 6 minutes and covered 1 nm.

Taxi Lights

100 %

Switched On

Speed

99.33 %

Turn Speed

65 %

100 %

Bank

Info

Pitch

Info

89.08 %

Takeoff Roll

Takeoff Distance

100 %

Roll distance of 57 m using 2.86 % of runway

Liftoff Speed

100 %

Liftoff speed was 60 kn - Target 65 kn

Alignment

70.42 %

0.00 m left to 11.16 m right

Bounce

100 %

No Bounce Detected

Strobe Lights

100 %

Switched On

Landing Lights

0 %

Switched On

100 %

Speed

Info

Bank

Info

Pitch

Info

82.21 %

Climb 1

Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 26 KLNS Lancaster Airport.

Heading

77.33 %

Speed

100 %

Bank

51.97 %

98.86 %

Pitch

Info

Climb Rate

Info

63.25 %

Climb 2

Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 26 KLNS Lancaster Airport.

Heading

0 %

Speed

100 %

Bank

53 %

100 %

Pitch

Info

Climb Rate

Info

Landing on runway 27 at 17N Cross Keys in the Cessna C172

Landing Score 92.4 %

Landing Summary

The Cessna C172 aircraft successfully landed at 17N Cross Keys, achieving a score of 92.4%. The final approach was conducted from the east, heading 254.0° at a distance of 3 nautical miles and an altitude of 805 feet above ground level (agl). The aircraft was on a steady course for a smooth landing on runway 27, which has a length of 1,002 meters.

The threshold height was satisfactory, and the threshold speed was maintained at a good 61 knots. The touchdown distance was also within acceptable limits at 140 meters. The touchdown speed of 49 knots was well within the recommended range, indicating a controlled descent. The touchdown rate of -323 feet per minute (fpm) was firm, suggesting a stable and controlled landing.

However, there was a slight deviation from the ideal touchdown position, with the aircraft touching down 5.6 meters off the centerline of the runway. This minor misalignment may have been due to the crosswind component of 8 knots, which was present during the landing. The headwind of 27 knots helped to stabilize the aircraft, but the crosswind required some adjustment from the pilot to maintain a stable approach.

The local weather conditions at the time of the landing were characterized by a temperature of 11°C and a wind speed of 28 knots from 269°. The wind direction and speed were taken into account by the pilot during the approach, and the aircraft was successfully landed despite the challenging conditions. Overall, the landing was considered good, with the pilot demonstrating a high level of skill and control.

100 %

Final 3

Approaching runway 27 at 17N Cross Keys from 3 nm to 2 nm. Descent from 805 ft agl to 623 ft agl. A decrease of 182 ft in 35 seconds.

Glideslope

100 %

Excellent glideslope alignment

Heading

100 %

Excellent heading alignment

Glideslope

100 %

IAS

100 %

Heading

100 %

Bank

100 %

Descent Rate

Info

99.71 %

Final 2

Approaching runway 27 at 17N Cross Keys from 2 nm to 1 nm. Descent from 615 ft agl to 290 ft agl. A decrease of 325 ft in 43 seconds.

Glideslope

100 %

Excellent glideslope alignment

Heading

100 %

Excellent heading alignment

Glideslope

100 %

IAS

100 %

Heading

100 %

Bank

98.57 %

100 %

Descent Rate

Info

88.98 %

Final 1

Approaching runway 27 at 17N Cross Keys from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 285 ft agl to 46 ft agl. A decrease of 239 ft in 55 seconds.

Glideslope

84.75 %

Poor descent path above glideslope limit

Heading

100 %

Great heading alignment

Glideslope

84.75 %

IAS

100 %

Heading

100 %

Bank

61.29 %

97.71 %

Descent Rate

Info

95.04 %

Landing

Landing on runway 27 at 17N Cross Keys, runway length 1,002 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was good at 61 kn.

Height

100 %

Good threshold height. Target 50 ft agl

Speed

100 %

Threshold speed was good at 61 kt. Target 60 kt

Flare

83.32 %

Very good landing flare

Heading

100 %

Bank

92.14 %

100 %

IAS

Info

Pitch

Info

Descent Rate

Info

93.17 %

Touchdown

92.3 %

Touchdown rate was firm at -323 ft/m.

Speed

100 %

Touchdown speed at 49 kt was good. Target below 57 kn

Distance

100 %

Touchdown distance was good at 140 m.

Alignment

90.71 %

Runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 5.6 m from centreline.

Bank

94.42 %

Bank angle 2.4 °

95.43 %

G 1.11 g

Bounce

80 %

Bounce Detected

Metrics

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