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MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Arrival
Fly a steeper descent on final so you cross the threshold at 50 ft agl instead of 59 ft agl.
What happened: The aircraft crossed the threshold at 59 ft agl against a 50 ft agl target, well above the normal profile. The touchdown point was also long at 623 m against a 457 m target, a pattern often seen after high threshold crossings.
Watch for: Radio altimeter against the 50 ft threshold crossing target on short final.
Ground effect becomes significant below about one wingspan of height. A Cessna 172, with a 36 ft span, enters ground effect at flare height - the float it feels in the hold-off is ground effect arriving on cue. An A320, with a span around 117 ft, has been in ground effect since before the threshold and there is no sudden cushion to feel, only a gradual reduction in induced drag that lengthens any float you allow.
Read more in Flare TimingStart to finish · 20 stages, 18 in the score
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From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.
Rotated at 141 kt, 5 kt above the 136 kt target, and lifted off at 147 kt 3.1 s later, the nose coming up at 3.0° a second. Climb 3 averaged 159 kt, 7 kt under its 166 kt target.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The dashed green line is the speed to rotate at for this aircraft at its weight, and the green dot is where the nose started to come up. The figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up, in degrees a second. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.
The takeoff, point by point
Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 774 ft.
Reached 35 ft with 264 m of runway left; gear up at 74 ft, inside the 400 ft that gets full marks; then climbing at 1,380 fpm on average to 774 ft.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The gear-up ring is coloured by its mark. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.
Plan view the roll down the 2,131 m runway.
Rolled from 61 m in, drifted 1.6 m right of the centreline and was back on it to lift off. Airborne 72 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
One stabilised approach gate: seven checks where the approach path is 500 ft above the runway. The 1,000 ft gate was not assessed, because the approach did not join final that far out. These checks are the approach's score.
When the approach was stable
Every check met from 3.1 nm, about 1,060 ft above the runway, to the threshold, before the 500 ft gate. The last to settle was the centreline.
Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.
The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.
Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 1° band in green.
Inside the glideslope band from 4 nm to the threshold, never more than 200 ft below the slope.
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.
Joined 503 m right of the centreline, then inside the band from 3.3 nm to the threshold.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 33 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 20 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.
Inside the speed band all the way, between +6 kt and +19 kt on the approach speed of 131 kt.
Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.
Over the threshold
Touchdown
The flare tracked the target profile closely. Crossing the threshold 10 kt above target, the aircraft floated down the runway before touching. Touchdown was 623 m past the threshold. The flare cannot burn off excess energy - fix the approach speed and the float goes with it.
3 kt across from the left, which takes about 1° of crab to hold the centreline at 124 kt. Touched down with the nose 2° into wind, wings level.
Wind 160° at 12 kt · 11 kt head · 3 kt across
The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.
From 117 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 17 s, an average deceleration of 0.27 g.
Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.
Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.
Crossed the threshold at 58 ft, close to the 50 ft target; began the flare at 27 ft. Touched down 623 m in, 318 m past the ideal 305 m.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,524 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
The sink went from 520 fpm at the flare to 230 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 2.5° on the way down.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 2,985 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down 2.4 m right of the centreline, and stayed within 2.8 m of it down the rollout.
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
Touched down 623 m past the threshold — beyond the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.
The rest of the report
The CRJ900 taxied from the parking area to runway 13 at KLGA LaGuardia Airport in 13 minutes, covering 3 nm.
Take-off was performed on runway 13. The aircraft used 1,537 m of runway, which was 72 % of the available length. Rotation occurred at 141 kt. Local weather at departure was 17 °C with wind 7 kt from 150°, giving a 3 kt crosswind component and a 6 kt headwind component.
Initial climb to 1,000 ft agl took 31 seconds, averaging 1,392 fpm and reaching 158 kt at the top of the climb.
The climb continued from 818 ft asl to 31,999 ft asl in 20 minutes, covering 121 nm, beginning 1 mile east of East Elmhurst.
Level flight at 32,000 ft asl lasted 48 minutes, covering 313 nm, starting overhead Adamstown.
A further climb from 32,005 ft asl to 37,991 ft asl took 10 minutes and covered 62 nm, beginning overhead Salt Rock.
Cruise at 38,000 ft asl continued for 92 minutes, covering 587 nm, starting 1 mile south-east of 84KY Greene County Parachute Center Airport (Bardstown).
Descent from 37,998 ft asl to 2,314 ft asl lasted 28 minutes, covering 139 nm, beginning 2 miles north-west of KGCM Claremore Regional Airport (Claremore), with a brief level-off at 4,000 ft asl.
Final approach to runway 17L at KOKC Will Rogers World Airport began at 1,153 ft agl and descended to 86 ft agl in 113 seconds. At 500 ft above the runway the stabilisation checks were all met: gear down, landing flap, sink rate, glideslope, centreline, speed, and wings level. The aircraft was in final flap position 2 at 1,703 ft agl with a speed of 214 kt.
Landing was made on runway 17L, whose length is 2,985 m. The threshold height at 59 ft agl and the threshold speed of 140 kt were slightly above target. The flare was described as perfect; the aircraft floated before touchdown. Touchdown occurred 197 m beyond the touchdown zone at a speed of 124 kt, with a rate of -231 fpm, which was noted as fair. Runway-touchdown alignment was very good and no bounce occurred.
Total landing distance was 1,273 m, representing 43 % of the runway, and rollout alignment was perfect. Local weather at landing was 21 °C with wind 15 kt from 159°, giving a 5 kt crosswind component and a 14 kt headwind component.
After landing, the aircraft taxied to the parking area in 2 minutes, covering less than 1 nm.
The flight covered 1,232 nm in 212 minutes and used 5,622 kg of fuel.
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