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AYRM
Maramuni, Papua New Guinea
Runway 04
Elevation5,118 ft asl
Weight2,373 kg
Fuel447 kg
Wind271° · 1 kn · 1 kn cross

Flight Score

92.01 %
AYRM
Maramuni, Papua New Guinea
Runway 22
Elevation5,118 ft asl
Weight2,373 kg
Fuel427 kg
Wind271° · 1 kn · 1 kn cross
17 Sep 2026 0:09 14 nm Kodiak 100 20 kg
Departure Score
98.37 %
Enroute Score
99.70 %
Arrival Score
77.97 %

What went well

Straight touchdown — 1.05 m off the centreline, no bounce
Rollout held the centreline — 3.72 m off at taxi speed
Lifted off at 66 kt — on the 75 kt target

What held you back

Arrival Landing — Threshold speed was a little below target at 61 kt at 0 %, Touched down 10 m short of the threshold, so it was never crossed in the air at 0 %, −4.97 points
Arrival Approach — 500 ft gate 86 %, −1.19 points
Arrival Touchdown — Touchdown rate was -318 fpm at 45 %, g force 1.01 to 1.53 g at 84 %, −1.09 points

Next time

Departure

Level the wings with coordinated aileron to hold bank angle near zero during the initial climb, starting from 6.3°.

What happened: Bank angle was elevated during the initial climb and excess bank usually persists into the second climb segment.

Watch for: Attitude indicator, wings level with bank angle near zero degrees.

See Departure Climb 1Departure Climb 2

Arrival

Add power on final to hold 70 kt across the threshold.

What happened: The aircraft crossed the threshold at 61 kt, 9 kt below VREF, and low energy like this usually carries through to a firm touchdown at 317 fpm.

Watch for: Airspeed indicator: 70 kt at the threshold

See Arrival LandingArrival Touchdown

Every knot above Vref is stored kinetic energy, and energy stored at the threshold must be dissipated in ground effect before the aeroplane will stop flying. Because kinetic energy scales with the square of speed, the excess you must dissipate grows fast. At a 45-knot approach, five knots hot is over a tenth more speed and roughly a quarter more energy to get rid of in ground effect. This is why the fix is never in the flare. It was decided three miles earlier, on final, at the airspeed indicator.

Read more in VRef Explained

Start to finish · 12 stages, 11 scored

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Roll 99.47Departure roll runway 04 at AYRM Maramuni Airport. Takeoff distance 265 m 55 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 67 kt. Local weather - Temperature 15 °C. Wind 1 kt at 271 °. Crosswind: 1 kt Tailwind: 1 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 265 m55 % of runway
100 % Liftoff speed was 67 ktTarget 75 kt
97 % Runway alignment max 3.77 m left3.77 m left to 0.00 m left 2.10 3.77 m
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.98 g min to max 1.15 g 1.00 1.15 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle -0.7 °-1.8 ° min to max 3.7 ° -1.8 3.7 °
Info Average bank angle 0.5 °0.4 ° min to max 1.1 ° 0.4 1.1 °

Events

Info Battery Master On 5 ft agl · 65 kt
Info Engine 1 Started 5 ft agl · 65 kt
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 5 ft agl · 65 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 5 ft agl · 65 kt
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 5 ft agl · 65 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 5 ft agl · 65 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 5 ft agl · 65 kt
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Activated 5 ft agl · 65 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 5 ft agl · 65 kt
Info Autopilot Flight Director Activated 5 ft agl · 65 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 5 ft agl · 65 kt
Departure Climb 1 97.61Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 04 AYRM Maramuni Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.7 °-0.8 ° min to max -0.6 ° -0.8 -0.6 °
100 % Average speed 71 kt67 kt min to max 75 kt 67 75 kt
90 % Average bank angle 6.3 °1.3 ° min to max 8.3 ° 1.3 8.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.04 g0.84 g min to max 1.25 g 1.19 0.88 g
Info Average VSI 202 fpm-88 fpm min to max 319 fpm -88 225 fpm
Info Average altitude 5 ft agl-2 ft agl min to max 14 ft agl -2 14 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 5.8 °3.9 ° min to max 7.6 ° 4.2 3.9 °
Departure Climb 2 96.39Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 04 AYRM Maramuni Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.1 °-0.6 ° min to max 2.0 ° -0.6 2.0 °
100 % Average speed 79 kt75 kt min to max 94 kt 75 94 kt
86 % Average bank angle 7.4 °4.4 ° min to max 10.0 ° 8.4 10.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.84 g min to max 1.05 g 0.89 0.84 g
Info Average VSI 175 fpm47 fpm min to max 282 fpm 215 47 fpm
Info Average altitude 20 ft agl14 ft agl min to max 47 ft agl 14 47 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 4.3 °1.0 ° min to max 4.7 ° 3.9 1.0 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 274 ft agl · 100 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 283 ft agl · 102 kt
Departure Climb 3 100.00Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 04 AYRM Maramuni Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Climb speed 107 kt97 kt min to max 115 ktTarget 107 kt 97 115 kt
100 % Average bank angle 6.3 °0.4 ° min to max 11.6 ° 10.6 2.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.07 g0.90 g min to max 1.23 g 0.90 1.13 g
100 % Landing gear up at 18 ft agl
Info Heading variation 4.1 °2.7 ° min to max 5.9 ° 2.7 5.9 °
Info Average VSI 84 fpm-486 fpm min to max 720 fpm -196 720 fpm
Info Average altitude 38 ft agl24 ft agl min to max 64 ft agl 42 64 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 3.8 °-0.5 ° min to max 7.6 ° 0.1 7.6 °

Events

Info Autopilot Yaw Damper Activated 491 ft agl · 112 kt
Enroute Climb 99.89Enroute climb started overhead AYRM Maramuni Airport Maramuni (Enga Province, Papua New Guinea). Climbing from 5,154 ft asl to 6,442 ft asl, an increase of 1,288 ft in 1 minutes and covering 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 120 kt100 kt min to max 142 kt 116 138 kt
100 % Average bank angle 2.8 °0.1 ° min to max 10.5 ° 3.5 10.5 °
99 % Average g force 1.01 g0.78 g min to max 1.35 g 1.14 1.03 g
Info Average VSI 1,244 fpm-325 fpm min to max 3,604 fpm 982 1,330 fpm
Info Average altitude 5,938 ft asl5,154 ft asl min to max 6,442 ft asl 5,154 6,442 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 7.7 °0.1 ° min to max 19.3 ° 8.8 6.4 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 99.29Enroute level cruise started 3 miles north east of AYRM Maramuni Airport Maramuni (Enga Province, Papua New Guinea) and lasted 3 minutes, covering 4 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±823 ft of 6,682 ft asl6,465 ft asl min to max 6,851 ft asl 6,465 6,536 ft asl
100 % Average speed 147 kt133 kt min to max 158 kt 137 158 kt
98 % Average bank angle 15.8 °0.3 ° min to max 40.9 ° 12.1 29.9 °
99.8 % Average g force 1.08 g0.69 g min to max 1.56 g 1.02 1.25 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 0.5 °-5.5 ° min to max 8.5 ° 6.5 -4.1 °

Events

Info Autopilot Master Switched On 1,577 ft agl · 153 kt
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Deactivated 1,253 ft agl · 151 kt
Info Autopilot Master Switched Off 2,272 ft agl · 169 kt
Enroute Descent 99.94Enroute descent started 6 miles north east of AYRM Maramuni Airport Maramuni (Enga Province, Papua New Guinea). Descent from 6,536 ft asl to 5,292 ft asl, a decrease of 1,244 ft in 2 minutes and covering 5 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 143 kt112 kt min to max 162 kt 158 125 kt
100 % Average bank angle 18.0 °1.9 ° min to max 29.9 ° 29.9 6.7 °
99 % Average g force 1.10 g0.55 g min to max 1.45 g 1.25 1.04 g
Info Average VSI -958 fpm-2,864 fpm min to max 579 fpm -1,780 -750 fpm
Info Average altitude 6,008 ft asl5,261 ft asl min to max 6,536 ft asl 6,536 5,292 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -1.7 °-8.6 ° min to max 4.8 ° -4.1 -2.0 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 2,488 ft agl · 142 kt
Arrival Approach 85.71Final approach to runway 22 at AYRM Maramuni Airport. Descent from 151 ft agl to -94 ft agl in 77 seconds. Scored on the stabilisation gates.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Gear downpassed
100 % Landing flappassed
100 % Sink ratepassed
100 % On glideslopepassed
0 % On centrelinefailed
100 % On speedpassed
100 % Wings levelpassed

Events

Info Flaps Position 2 1,103 ft agl · 122 kt
Info Flaps Position 3 1,511 ft agl · 99 kt
Info Autopilot Yaw Damper Deactivated 1,521 ft agl · 95 kt
Arrival Landing 40.37Landing on runway 22 at AYRM Maramuni Airport, runway length 477 m. Touched down 10 m short of the threshold, so it was never crossed in the air. Threshold speed was a little below target at 61 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Threshold speed was a little below target at 61 kt. Target 70 kt
0 % Touched down 10 m short of the threshold, so it was never crossed in the air.Target 26 ft agl
61 % Fair landing flare
100 % Runway alignment max 0.57 m right0.50 m left to 0.57 m right -0.57 0.50 m
100 % Average bank angle 0.8 °0.1 ° min to max 1.2 ° 0.1 1.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.06 g1.04 g min to max 1.09 g 1.07 1.09 g
Info Average speed 57 kt53 kt min to max 61 kt 61 53 kt
Info Average VSI -138 fpm-256 fpm min to max -20 fpm -256 -20 fpm
Info Average altitude -1 ft agl-2 ft agl min to max 1 ft agl 1 -1 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 6.7 °4.4 ° min to max 9.1 ° 4.4 9.1 °
07515022530037545052506.7914202734Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150225300375450525-15-12-9-6-303691215Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 86.88Touchdown was 9 m short of the threshold. Touchdown speed at 53 kt was good. Touchdown rate was firm at -318 fpm. Runway touchdown alignment was perfect. Local weather - Temperature 15 °C. Wind 1 kt at 271 °. Crosswind: 1 kt Headwind: 1 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
45 % Touchdown rate was -318 fpm.
94 % Touched down 10 m short of the thresholdTarget 312 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 53 ktTarget below 67 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 1.05 m left0.75 m left 0.50 1.05 m
93 % Average bank angle 1.7 °0.4 ° min to max 2.6 ° 1.2 2.0 °
84 % Average g force 1.14 g1.01 g min to max 1.53 g 1.09 1.01 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 51 kt50 kt min to max 53 kt 53 50 kt
Info Average pitch angle 8.2 °7.0 ° min to max 9.2 ° 9.1 7.0 °
Arrival Rollout 98.91Total landing distance 385 m, 81 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was very good.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
77 % Landing distance 385 m81 % of runway.
98 % Runway alignment max 3.72 m left3.72 m left to 0.00 m left 1.10 3.72 m
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.97 g min to max 1.08 g 0.98 0.99 g
Info Average speed 49 kt30 kt min to max 55 kt 55 30 kt
Info Average pitch angle 5.2 °4.6 ° min to max 6.8 ° 6.8 4.7 °
Info Average bank angle 0.5 °0.0 ° min to max 1.7 ° 1.7 0.4 °
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 5 kt
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 6 kt0 kt min to max 50 kt 28 50 kt
Info Average pitch angle 2.1 °-2.4 ° min to max 5.2 ° 4.6 -1.8 °
Info Average bank angle 2.5 °0.0 ° min to max 3.6 ° 0.3 0.3 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.96 g min to max 1.02 g 1.00 1.00 g

Events

Info Parking Brake On 5 ft agl
Info Parking Brake Off 5 ft agl
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 5 ft agl
Info Flaps Position 2 5 ft agl
Info Parking Brake On 5 ft agl
Info Parking Brake Off 5 ft agl
Info Parking Brake On 5 ft agl
Info Parking Brake Off 5 ft agl

Takeoff

100.00Takeoff roll265 m · 55 %
100.00Liftoff speed66 kt · target 75, 9 slow
97.37Runway alignment3.77 m L
OkBounce on takeoffNone
97.61Rate of climb201 fpm

Landing

The threshold, the flare and the hold-off. The approach that led to it is the stabilisation gates below.

FailThresholdnot crossed - landed short
100.00Centreline offset0.57 m R
Flare 61.48The aircraft touched down before the threshold. Everything the flare is measured against - the profile, the crossing height, the aim point - is referenced to a threshold this landing never reached, so read the numbers below as what happened short of the runway, not on it. Landing short is the fault to fix before anything about the hold-off is worth judging.

The stabilisation gates

One stabilised approach gate: seven checks where the approach path is 500 ft above the runway. The 1,000 ft gate was not assessed, because the approach did not join final that far out. These checks are the approach's score.

Seven checks, one gate500 ft 85.716 of 7
Gear down
Landing flap
Sink rate
On glideslope
On centreline
On speed
Wings level

At the 500 ft gate: centreline 7.0° off, against a 1° limit.

The approach, gate by gate

Gate Height Centreline Speed
2.0 nm 222 ft 8.38° R +53 kt
1.5 nm 181 ft 6.63° R +33 kt
1.0 nm 187 ft 3.36° R +14 kt
0.5 nm 76 ft 1.90° R +4 kt
THR 0 ft 0.52 m L −18 kt

Touchdown on AYRM 22

Past threshold93.82
-10m
Centreline100.00
1.05m L
Speed100.00
52kttarget 67 or less
Touchdown rate44.78
-318fpm
Impact84.00
1.53G
BouncesOk
None

Side view — the last 477 m of the approach.

1 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft 80 ft400 Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 1 ft, down at -10 m

Plan view — the full 477 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

THRESHOLD FULL SCORE TO 343 M 10 m SHORT of the threshold CLEARED

Touched down 10 m short of the threshold. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 279 m of 477 m · 58 %
Rollout distance98.34
279m75 % used
Rollout alignment97.57
3.72m L

The rest of the report

Explore in detail

Flight narrative

The Kodiak 100 taxied to runway 04 at AYRM Maramuni Airport and commenced the take-off roll, using 265 m of runway which represented 55 % of the available length. Liftoff was achieved at 67 kt. Ambient conditions were 15 °C with a wind of 1 kt from 271°, a crosswind component of 1 kt and a tailwind component of 1 kt.

Climb began directly overhead AYRM, with the aircraft ascending from 5,154 ft asl to 6,442 ft asl, a gain of 1,288 ft achieved in 1 minute while covering 2 nm.

Cruise was established 3 nm north-east of AYRM and persisted for 3 minutes, during which the aircraft travelled 4 nm at level flight.

Descent commenced 6 nm north-east of AYRM, descending from 6,536 ft asl to 5,292 ft asl, a loss of 1,244 ft in 2 minutes and covering 5 nm.

The final approach to runway 22 at AYRM involved a descent from 151 ft agl to -94 ft agl over a period of 77 seconds, and the aircraft scored on the stabilisation gates.

Landing on runway 22 was executed with a runway length of 477 m; the threshold speed was slightly below the target at 61 kt. Touchdown occurred 81 m down the runway at 53 kt with a touchdown rate of minus 20 fpm and perfect runway alignment. Weather remained 15 °C with a wind of 1 kt from 271°, a crosswind of 1 kt and a headwind component of 1 kt.

Rollout recorded a total landing distance of 385 m, representing 81 % of the runway, and the runway rollout alignment was very good.

In total, the flight covered 14 nm, required 9 minutes of elapsed time, and consumed 20 kg of fuel.

Flight map
Replay this flight in 3D The full flight path over the terrain with every stage, event and score along the route.
Takeoff report
Takeoff on runway 04 at AYRM Maramuni Airport in the Kodiak 100
98.37 %
99.47 %
Takeoff Roll
Departure roll runway 04 at AYRM Maramuni Airport. Takeoff distance 265 m 55 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 67 kt. Local weather - Temperature 15 °C. Wind 1 kt at 271 °. Crosswind: 1 kt Tailwind: 1 kt.
Takeoff Distance
100 %
Roll distance of 265 m using 55.43 % of runway
Liftoff Speed
100 %
Liftoff speed was 67 kn - Target 75 kn
Alignment
97.37 %
3.77 m left to 0.00 m left
Bounce
100 %
No Bounce Detected
Strobe Lights
100 %
Switched On
Landing Lights
100 %
Switched On
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
70 60 50
Bank °
Info
2 1 0
Pitch °
Info
4 1.5 -1
0250-15-10-5051015 Runway Distance m Runway Alignment to End of Runway m
97.61 %
Climb 1
Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 04 AYRM Maramuni Airport.
Alignment
100 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
80 70 60
Bank °
90.46 %
9 5 1
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
8 5.5 3
Climb Rate fpm
Info
400 0 -400
96.39 %
Climb 2
Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 04 AYRM Maramuni Airport.
Alignment
100 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
100 85 70
Bank °
85.57 %
11 7.5 4
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
5 3 1
Climb Rate fpm
Info
300 100 -100
100 %
Climb 3
Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 04 AYRM Maramuni Airport.
Alignment
0 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
120 105 90
Bank °
100 %
12 6 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
8 4 0
Climb Rate fpm
Info
800 150 -500
025003691215 Runway Distance m Height at End of Runway ft
00.040.070.110.150.1900.641.281.922.563.2 Climb Distance NM Climb Profile to 1,000 ft
00.040.070.110.150.19-60-48-36-24-1201224364860 Climb Distance NM Runway Alignment (in m) to 1,000 ft
Landing report
Landing on runway 22 at AYRM Maramuni Airport in the Kodiak 100
Landing Score 75.39 %
Landing Summary

The final approach to runway 22 at AYRM Maramuni Airport descended from 151 ft agl to -94 ft agl in 77 seconds and was scored on the stabilisation gates.

At threshold the height was good and the threshold speed was slightly below target at 61 kt; the local weather was 15 C with wind 1 kt from 271 deg, including 1 kt crosswind and 1 kt headwind.

Touchdown occurred 81 m from the threshold at a speed of 53 kt, which was good, with a touchdown rate of minus 20 fpm that was perfect and runway-touchdown alignment described as perfect.

The rollout covered a total landing distance of 385 m, representing 81 % of the 477 m runway, and runway-rollout alignment was very good.

To bring the score closer to the maximum, adjust the approach to achieve the target threshold speed rather than the slightly low 61 kt, ensuring the speed is within the prescribed band while maintaining the strong alignment and rate already demonstrated.

85.71 %
Approach
Final approach to runway 22 at AYRM Maramuni Airport. Descent from 151 ft agl to -94 ft agl in 77 seconds. Scored on the stabilisation gates.
Glideslope °
4 3 2
IAS kt
125 93 60
Alignment
0.5 0 -0.5
Bank °
4 2 0
G
1.5 1 0.5
Descent Rate fpm
123 -338 -800
00.250.50.7511.251.51.7522.252.52.7533.253.53.7540100200300400500600700800 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Height ft
00.250.50.7511.251.51.7522.252.52.7533.253.53.754-780-585-390-1950195390585780 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Runway Alignment m
40.37 %
Landing
Landing on runway 22 at AYRM Maramuni Airport, runway length 477 m. Touched down 10 m short of the threshold, so it was never crossed in the air. Threshold speed was a little below target at 61 kt.
Height
0 %
Touched down 10 m short of the threshold, so it was never crossed in the air. Target 50 ft agl
Speed
0 %
Threshold speed was a little below target at 61 kt. Target 70 kt
Flare
61.48 %
Fair landing flare
Centreline ft
100 %
100 0 -100
Bank °
100 %
2 1 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
61 56 50
Pitch °
Info
10 7 4
Descent Rate fpm
Info
-27 -164 -300
07515022530037545052506.7914202734 Runway Distance m Landing Height ft
075150225300375450525-15-12-9-6-303691215 Runway Distance m Runway Width m
86.88 %
Touchdown
Touchdown was 9 m short of the threshold. Touchdown speed at 53 kt was good. Touchdown rate was firm at -318 fpm. Runway touchdown alignment was perfect. Local weather - Temperature 15 °C. Wind 1 kt at 271 °. Crosswind: 1 kt Headwind: 1 kt.
Touchdown
44.78 %
Touchdown rate was firm at -318 fpm.
Speed
100 %
Touchdown speed at 53 kt was good. Target below 67 kn
Distance
100 %
Touchdown was 9 m short of the threshold.
Alignment
100 %
Runway touchdown alignment was perfect.
Bank
93.08 %
Bank angle 1.7 °
G
84 %
G 1.14 g
Bounce
100 %
No Bounce Detected
98.9 %
Rollout
Total landing distance 385 m, 81 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was very good.
Distance
77.39 %
Landing distance 385 m using 80.65 % of runway
Alignment
97.57 %
Runway rollout alignment was very good.
G
100 %
1.25 1 0.75
IAS kt
Info
50 35 20
Bank °
Info
2 1 0
Pitch °
Info
7 5.5 4
0200 Runway Distance m Runway Width m
Metrics
Metrics

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