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EDLN
Monchengladbach, Germany
Runway 13
Elevation0 ft asl
Fuel181 kg
Wind20° · 11 kn · 10 kn cross

Flight Score

97.34 %
ETNG
Geilenkirchen, Germany
Runway 27
Elevation276 ft asl
Weight1,069 kg
Fuel174 kg
30 May 2023 0:22 27 nm PA28 Arrow III 7 kg
Departure Score
96.43 %
Enroute Score
99.14 %
Arrival Score
95.55 %

What went well

Touchdown 322 m in — inside the full-score zone
Threshold crossed at 50 ft and 69 kt — both inside band
Straight touchdown — 2.79 m off the centreline, no bounce

What held you back

Arrival Touchdown — bank angle up to 8.4 ° at 0 %, Touchdown VSI was -246 ft/m. at 79 %, −0.94 points
Departure Climb 3 — bank angle up to 17.8 ° at 59 %, −0.55 points
Departure Roll — strobe light off should be on; Takeoff distance 2,901 m at 0 %, Runway alignment max 16.22 m at 72 %, −0.38 points

Top opportunity

Shorten the long landing

Arrival Touchdown

Ground effect becomes significant below about one wingspan of height. A Cessna 172, with a 36 ft span, enters ground effect at flare height - the float it feels in the hold-off is ground effect arriving on cue. An A320, with a span around 117 ft, has been in ground effect since before the threshold and there is no sudden cushion to feel, only a gradual reduction in induced drag that lengthens any float you allow.

Read more in Flare Timing

Start to finish · 15 stages, 15 scored

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 100.00Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 19 minutes and covered 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 5 kn0 kn min to max 19 kn 0 19 kn
100 % Average speed turning corners 6 knmax 7 kn 0 0 kn
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g
100 % Beacon, navigation and taxi lights on
Info Average pitch angle 1.1 °0.5 ° min to max 1.3 ° 1.1 1.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.0 0.2 °

Events

Fail Beacon Light OFF should be ON
Fail Navigation Light OFF should be ON
Fail Navigation Light OFF should be ON
Info Parking Brake Off 2 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Parking Brake On 2 ft agl
Info Flaps Position 3 2 ft agl
Info Flaps Position 2 2 ft agl
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 2 ft agl
Info Landing Lights Switched On 2 ft agl
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 2 ft agl
Info Landing Lights Switched On 2 ft agl
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 2 ft agl
Info Landing Lights Switched On 2 ft agl
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 2 ft agl
Info Parking Brake Off 2 ft agl
Info Landing Lights Switched On 2 ft agl · 6 kt
Info Pitot Heat Switched Off 2 ft agl · 7 kt
Departure Roll 94.34Departure roll runway 13 at EDLN Monchengladbach. Takeoff distance 2,901 m 243 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 69 kn. Local weather - Temperature 20 °C. Wind 11 kn at 20 °. Crosswind: 10 kn Tailwind: 3 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Takeoff distance 2,901 m243 % of runway
100 % Liftoff speed was 69 knTarget 70 kn
72 % Runway alignment max 16.22 m9.72 m left to 6.50 m right 1.22 -6.50 m
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.96 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 0.9 °0.4 ° min to max 3.2 ° 0.7 3.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 0.9 ° 0.1 0.1 °

Events

Fail Strobe Light OFF should be ON
Departure Climb 1 96.61Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 13 EDLN Monchengladbach.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
91 % Heading variation 1.6 °0.9 ° min to max 1.8 ° 0.9 1.8 °
100 % Average speed 76 kn70 kn min to max 80 kn 70 80 kn
95 % Average bank angle 2.7 °0.5 ° min to max 3.8 ° 0.5 2.5 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.84 g min to max 1.15 g 1.06 0.84 g
Info Average VSI 387 ft/m235 ft/m min to max 579 ft/m 335 520 ft/m
Info Average altitude 19 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 45 ft agl 0 45 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 5.8 °3.6 ° min to max 7.8 ° 4.6 3.9 °
Departure Climb 2 99.47Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 13 EDLN Monchengladbach.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 1.2 °-0.4 ° min to max 1.7 ° 1.7 -0.4 °
100 % Average speed 84 kn80 kn min to max 87 kn 80 82 kn
98 % Average bank angle 1.1 °0.0 ° min to max 2.8 ° 2.5 2.8 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.84 g min to max 1.24 g 0.84 0.94 g
Info Average VSI 560 ft/m273 ft/m min to max 1,330 ft/m 507 765 ft/m
Info Average altitude 99 ft agl52 ft agl min to max 395 ft agl 52 395 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 6.3 °3.3 ° min to max 11.6 ° 3.8 8.2 °

Events

Fail Bounce during liftoff 133 ft agl · 87 kt
Info Landing Gear Up 54 ft agl · 82 kt
Departure Climb 3 91.71Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 13 EDLN Monchengladbach.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.5 °-0.9 ° min to max 1.3 ° -0.5 1.3 °
100 % Average speed 90 kn82 kn min to max 95 kn 82 85 kn
59 % Average bank angle 5.1 °0.1 ° min to max 17.8 ° 2.0 17.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.89 g min to max 1.14 g 0.94 0.89 g
100 % Landing gear up
Info Average VSI 1,023 ft/m334 ft/m min to max 1,681 ft/m 686 921 ft/m
Info Average altitude 623 ft agl399 ft agl min to max 943 ft agl 399 943 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 8.3 °3.9 ° min to max 11.7 ° 7.4 5.5 °
Enroute Climb 96.26Enroute climb started 1 mile north east of Korschenbroich (Duesseldorf District, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany). Climbing from 1,080 ft asl to 1,894 ft asl, an increase of 815 ft in 1 minutes and covering 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
95 % Climb speed 91 kn85 kn min to max 105 knTarget 98 kn 86 92 kn
100 % Average bank angle 3.9 °0.0 ° min to max 26.9 ° 20.3 1.1 °
83 % Average g force 0.99 g0.45 g min to max 1.32 g 0.87 1.04 g
Info Average VSI 810 ft/m-1,028 ft/m min to max 1,970 ft/m 660 -663 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,538 ft asl1,052 ft asl min to max 1,996 ft asl 1,080 1,894 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 5.9 °-5.8 ° min to max 12.7 ° 3.9 -1.0 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 99.43Enroute level cruise started overhead Korschenbroich (Duesseldorf District, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany) and lasted 4 minutes, covering 7 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 1,914 ft asl1,701 ft asl min to max 2,068 ft asl 1,886 2,068 ft asl
100 % Average speed 123 kn89 kn min to max 137 kn 94 132 kn
100 % Average bank angle 3.2 °0.0 ° min to max 15.1 ° 0.0 3.9 °
94 % Average g force 1.01 g0.65 g min to max 1.25 g 1.09 1.01 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle -0.0 °-3.8 ° min to max 5.1 ° 0.3 2.3 °
Enroute Climb 2 100.00Enroute climb started overhead EDJF Wanlo Airfield Erkelenz (Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany). Climbing from 2,068 ft asl to 2,221 ft asl, an increase of 153 ft in less than 1 minute. and covering less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 127 kn126 kn min to max 129 kn 129 129 kn
100 % Average bank angle 1.9 °0.6 ° min to max 3.9 ° 3.9 1.4 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.96 g min to max 1.01 g 1.01 1.01 g
Info Average VSI 647 ft/m139 ft/m min to max 906 ft/m 900 181 ft/m
Info Average altitude 2,135 ft asl2,068 ft asl min to max 2,221 ft asl 2,068 2,221 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 1.1 °-0.9 ° min to max 2.3 ° 2.3 -0.9 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 2 100.00Enroute level cruise started 1 mile south west of EDJF Wanlo Airfield Erkelenz (Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany) and lasted 5 minutes, covering 9 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 2,331 ft asl2,218 ft asl min to max 2,473 ft asl 2,340 2,218 ft asl
100 % Average speed 134 kn131 kn min to max 139 kn 133 132 kn
100 % Average bank angle 7.3 °0.1 ° min to max 14.6 ° 1.6 1.5 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.93 g min to max 1.11 g 0.98 0.99 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle -2.4 °-4.8 ° min to max 1.2 ° 1.2 -3.0 °
Enroute Descent 100.00Enroute descent started 2 miles south east of Heinsberg (Regierungsbezirk Koeln, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany). Descent from 2,183 ft asl to 2,053 ft asl, a decrease of 130 ft in less than 1 minute. and covering less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 131 kn130 kn min to max 134 kn 134 131 kn
100 % Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 1.6 ° 0.2 0.0 °
100 % Average g force 0.97 g0.94 g min to max 0.99 g 0.99 0.98 g
Info Average VSI -581 ft/m-845 ft/m min to max 3 ft/m 3 -845 ft/m
Info Average altitude 2,109 ft asl2,053 ft asl min to max 2,183 ft asl 2,183 2,053 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -4.2 °-4.9 ° min to max -2.2 ° -2.2 -4.8 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Arrival 100.00Arrival started 2 miles south east of Heinsberg (Regierungsbezirk Koeln, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany).
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 113 kn73 kn min to max 132 kn 126 74 kn
100 % Average bank angle 4.0 °0.0 ° min to max 16.5 ° 0.4 10.9 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.90 g min to max 1.23 g 1.08 1.06 g
Info Average VSI -799 ft/m-1,326 ft/m min to max -335 ft/m -874 -552 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,390 ft asl642 ft asl min to max 2,038 ft asl 2,038 642 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -4.6 °-7.7 ° min to max -0.8 ° -5.1 -1.2 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Landing Gear Down 1,064 ft agl · 121 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 823 ft agl · 101 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 743 ft agl · 100 kt
Info Flaps Position 3 713 ft agl · 89 kt
Arrival Final 2 97.38Approaching runway 27 at ETNG Geilenkirchen AB from 2 nm to 1 nm. Descent from 359 ft agl to 338 ft agl. A decrease of 21 ft in 3 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 3.0 °3.0 ° min to max 3.0 °Target 3.0 ° 3.0 3.0 °
100 % Average speed 72 kn71 kn min to max 72 kn 72 71 kn
100 % Heading variation 0.4 °0.4 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.5 0.4 °
87 % Average bank angle 3.2 °1.4 ° min to max 7.0 ° 7.0 1.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.98 g min to max 1.06 g 1.03 1.03 g
Info Average VSI -453 ft/m-493 ft/m min to max -390 ft/m -493 -390 ft/m
Info Average altitude 348 ft agl338 ft agl min to max 359 ft agl 359 338 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -1.2 °-1.9 ° min to max -0.7 ° -1.3 -0.7 °
11.251.51.752250300350400Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft11.251.51.752-60-45-30-15015304560Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Final 1 96.82Approaching runway 27 at ETNG Geilenkirchen AB from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 332 ft agl to 66 ft agl. A decrease of 267 ft in 40 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 3.0 °2.6 ° min to max 3.2 °Target 3.0 ° 3.0 3.2 °
100 % Average speed 70 kn68 kn min to max 71 kn 71 70 kn
99 % Heading variation 0.0 °-0.0 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.2 -0.0 °
85 % Average bank angle 3.7 °0.1 ° min to max 7.6 ° 0.8 4.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.90 g min to max 1.16 g 1.02 0.94 g
Info Average VSI -377 ft/m-560 ft/m min to max -71 ft/m -338 -376 ft/m
Info Average altitude 116 ft agl66 ft agl min to max 332 ft agl 332 66 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 0.2 °-1.3 ° min to max 2.8 ° -0.5 -1.2 °
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-60-45-30-15015304560Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Landing 99.24Landing on runway 27 at ETNG Geilenkirchen AB, runway length 2,755 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was good at 70 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was good at 70 kn. Target 71 kn
100 % Target 50 ft agl
100 % Landing and flare profile
100 % Heading variation 0.0 °-0.0 ° min to max 0.0 ° -0.0 -0.0 °
92 % Average bank angle 1.9 °0.0 ° min to max 4.9 ° 4.0 0.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.89 g min to max 1.10 g 0.94 0.89 g
Info Average speed 68 kn62 kn min to max 71 kn 70 62 kn
Info Average VSI -361 ft/m-515 ft/m min to max -202 ft/m -382 -246 ft/m
Info Average altitude 21 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 50 ft agl 50 0 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 0.8 °-1.6 ° min to max 3.2 ° -1.2 1.5 °
07515022530037501123344657Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150225300375-24-20-16-12-8-404812162024Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 88.74Touchdown distance was good at 319 m. Touchdown speed at 62 kn was a little fast. Touchdown rate was fair at -246 ft/m. Runway touchdown alignment was very good. Local weather - Temperature 20 °C. Wind 11 kn at 20 °. Crosswind: 10 kn Tailwind: 3 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
79 % Touchdown VSI was -246 ft/m.
100 % Touchdown distance was 319 mTarget 457 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 62 knTarget 61 kn
96 % Runway alignment max 2.79 m1.94 m right -0.45 -2.79 m
0 % Average bank angle 4.1 °0.1 ° min to max 8.4 ° 0.4 1.4 °
91 % Average g force 1.04 g0.68 g min to max 1.41 g 0.89 1.26 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 59 kn56 kn min to max 63 kn 62 58 kn
Info Average pitch angle 3.4 °-0.9 ° min to max 9.5 ° 1.5 3.3 °

Takeoff

71.68Runway alignment9.72 m L
OkBounce on takeoffNone

Landing

The threshold, the flare and the hold-off. The approach that led to it is the stabilisation gates below.

100.00Threshold height50 ft
100.00Threshold speed69 kt
100.00Centreline offset0.02 m L

The stabilisation gates

One stabilised approach gate: five checks where the approach path is 500 ft above the runway. The 1,000 ft gate was not assessed, because the approach did not join final that far out.

Five checks, one gate500 ft
Gear down
Sink rate
On glideslope
On centreline
On speed

Touchdown on ETNG 27

Past threshold100.00
322m
Centreline95.63
2.79m R
Speed100.00
61kt
Sink rate79.42
-245ft/m
Impact90.86
1.41G
BouncesOk
None

Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.

50 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft 80 ft400 Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 50 ft, down at 322 m

Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 2,755 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

5001,0001,500 THRESHOLD FULL SCORE TO 503 M 322 m past threshold CLEARED

The 322 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 322 m of 2,755 m · 12 %

The rest of the report

Explore in detail

Flight map
Replay this flight in 3D The full flight path over the terrain with every stage, event and score along the route.
Takeoff report
Takeoff on runway 13 at EDLN Monchengladbach in the PA28 Arrow III
96.43 %
100 %
Taxi
Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 19 minutes and covered 2 nm.
Taxi Lights
100 %
Switched On
Ground Speed kt
100 %
30 15 0
Turn Speed
100 %
30 15 0
G
100 %
1.25 1 0.75
Bank °
Info
1 0.5 0
Pitch °
Info
2 1 0
94.34 %
Takeoff Roll
Departure roll runway 13 at EDLN Monchengladbach. Takeoff distance 2,901 m 243 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 69 kn. Local weather - Temperature 20 °C. Wind 11 kn at 20 °. Crosswind: 10 kn Tailwind: 3 kn.
Takeoff Distance
100 %
Roll distance of 2,901 m using 242.52 % of runway
Liftoff Speed
100 %
Liftoff speed was 69 kn - Target 67 kn
Alignment
71.68 %
9.72 m left to 6.50 m right
Bounce
100 %
No Bounce Detected
Strobe Lights
0 %
Switched Off
Landing Lights
100 %
Switched On
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
70 40 10
Bank °
Info
1 0.5 0
Pitch °
Info
4 2 0
02505007501,000-15-10-5051015 Runway Distance m Runway Alignment to End of Runway m
96.61 %
Climb 1
Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 13 EDLN Monchengladbach.
Alignment
91.11 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
80 75 70
Bank °
95.34 %
4 2 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
8 5.5 3
Climb Rate fpm
Info
600 250 -100
99.47 %
Climb 2
Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 13 EDLN Monchengladbach.
Alignment
100 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
90 80 70
Bank °
97.89 %
3 1.5 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
12 7.5 3
Climb Rate fpm
Info
1,400 750 100
91.71 %
Climb 3
Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 13 EDLN Monchengladbach.
Alignment
100 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
100 90 80
Bank °
58.53 %
18 9 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
12 7.5 3
Climb Rate fpm
Info
1,700 950 200
02505007501,0000255075100125 Runway Distance m Height at End of Runway ft
00.250100200300400500600700800900 Climb Distance NM Climb Profile to 1,000 ft
00.25-60-48-36-24-1201224364860 Climb Distance NM Runway Alignment (in m) to 1,000 ft
Landing report
Landing on runway 27 at ETNG Geilenkirchen AB in the PA28 Arrow III
Landing Score 94.94 %
97.38 %
Final 2
Approaching runway 27 at ETNG Geilenkirchen AB from 2 nm to 1 nm. Descent from 359 ft agl to 338 ft agl. A decrease of 21 ft in 3 seconds.
Glideslope
100 %
Excellent glideslope alignment
Heading
100 %
Excellent heading alignment
Glideslope °
100 %
4 3 2
IAS kt
100 %
72 71 70
Alignment
100 %
0.5 0 -0.5
Bank °
86.92 %
7 4 1
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Descent Rate fpm
Info
-390 -445 -500
11.251.51.752250300350400 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Height ft
11.251.51.752-60-45-30-15015304560 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Runway Alignment m
96.82 %
Final 1
Approaching runway 27 at ETNG Geilenkirchen AB from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 332 ft agl to 66 ft agl. A decrease of 267 ft in 40 seconds.
Glideslope
100 %
Excellent glideslope alignment
Heading
98.93 %
Excellent heading alignment
Glideslope °
100 %
4 3 2
IAS kt
100 %
71 66 60
Alignment
98.93 %
0.5 0 -0.5
Bank °
85.18 %
8 4 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Descent Rate fpm
Info
-71 -336 -600
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Height ft
00.250.50.751-60-45-30-15015304560 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Runway Alignment m
99.24 %
Landing
Landing on runway 27 at ETNG Geilenkirchen AB, runway length 2,755 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was good at 70 kn.
Height
100 %
Good threshold height. Target 50 ft agl
Speed
100 %
Threshold speed was good at 70 kt. Target 71 kt
Flare
100 %
Perfect landing flare
Centreline ft
100 %
100 0 -100
Bank °
92.42 %
5 2.5 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
71 65 60
Pitch °
Info
4 1.5 -1
Descent Rate fpm
Info
-202 -401 -600
07515022530037501123344657 Runway Distance m Landing Height ft
075150225300375-24-20-16-12-8-404812162024 Runway Distance m Runway Width m
88.74 %
Touchdown
Touchdown distance was good at 319 m. Touchdown speed at 62 kn was a little fast. Touchdown rate was fair at -246 ft/m. Runway touchdown alignment was very good. Local weather - Temperature 20 °C. Wind 11 kn at 20 °. Crosswind: 10 kn Tailwind: 3 kn.
Warning: Landed with a 3 kt tailwind
Touchdown
79.42 %
Touchdown rate was fair at -251 ft/m.
Speed
100 %
Touchdown speed at 62 kt was a little fast. Target below 61 kn
Distance
100 %
Touchdown distance was good at 319 m.
Alignment
95.63 %
Runway touchdown alignment was very good.
Bank
0 %
Bank angle 4.1 °
G
90.86 %
G 1.04 g
Bounce
100 %
No Bounce Detected
Metrics
Metrics

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