Events
Events
Events
MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Departure
Make small rudder corrections against a point at the far end to hold the centreline.
What happened: During the ground roll you drifted 7 m off the runway centreline.
Watch for: Watch runway alignment against the centreline, correcting with small rudder inputs.
See Departure Roll
Arrival
Carry more power on approach to hold 58 kt at the threshold instead of letting speed decay into the flare.
What happened: The flare arrested the sink at 32 ft while already below the speed target, and the aircraft settled as the remaining energy ran out, usually carrying a firm touchdown with it at 467 fpm.
Watch for: Watch airspeed on short final against 58 kt, keeping it there through the flare.
On a 3° glideslope your sink rate in feet per minute is roughly your groundspeed in knots times five (5.3, strictly). A Cessna 172 at 65 kt groundspeed is coming down at about 345 fpm. An A320 at 140 kt groundspeed is coming down at about 740 fpm. the entire job of the flare is to take that 350 to 750 fpm and reduce it to something in the normal band, in roughly the last five seconds of the flight.
Read more in How to Land a Plane Smoothly in Microsoft Flight SimulatorStart to finish · 12 stages, 10 in the score
Events
Events
Events
From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.
Rotated at 58 kt, 4 kt below the 62 kt target, and lifted off at 68 kt 2.9 s later, the nose coming up at 0.7° a second. Climb 3 held close to its 78 kt target, at 79 kt on average.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The dashed green line is the speed to rotate at for this aircraft at its weight, and the green dot is where the nose started to come up. The figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up, in degrees a second. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.
The takeoff, point by point
Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 526 ft.
Reached 35 ft with 693 m of runway left; then climbing at 670 fpm on average to 526 ft.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.
Plan view the roll down the 1,567 m runway.
Rolled from 134 m in, drifted left of the centreline, 6.1 m at the widest, and lifted off 6.2 m left. Airborne 35 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length.
One stabilised approach gate: seven checks where the approach path is 300 ft above the runway. The 1,000 ft gate was not assessed, because the approach did not join final that far out. These checks are the approach's score.
At the 300 ft gate: speed more than 14 kt above the approach speed of 58 kt.
When the approach was stable
Never every check met at once: sinking too fast until 0.9 nm, fast until 0.6 nm, left of the centreline from 0.4 nm to the threshold.
Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.
The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.
Profile height against the 3.5° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.
Inside the glideslope band from 1.1 nm, where the final began, to the threshold, never more than 300 ft above the slope.
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3.5° here, which is about 370 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 60 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.
Joined 193 m left of the centreline at 1.1 nm, then inside it from 0.9 to 0.4 nm, then 17 m left of it from 0.4 nm to the threshold.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 29 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 17 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.
Fast from 1.1 nm, where the final began, to 0.6 nm (up to +43 kt), then inside the band to the threshold.
Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.
Over the threshold
Touchdown
The flare strayed well off the target profile. The flare took all the sink out 32 ft agl above the runway and the aircraft settled on from there, 382 fpm of sink coming back, having crossed the threshold below target speed. Touchdown was 160 m past the threshold. Carry the speed to the flare and hold it lower - the aircraft ran out of lift before the wheels arrived, so the fix is energy on the approach, not attitude.
No crosswind: nothing to correct for. Touched down with the nose 2° left of the track, wings level.
Wind 209° at 1 kt · 1 kt head · 0 kt across
The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.
From 64 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 17 s, an average deceleration of 0.11 g.
Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.
Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.
Crossed the threshold at 33 ft, 17 ft below the 50 ft target; began the flare at 34 ft. Touched down 160 m in, 144 m short of the ideal 305 m.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,524 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
The sink grew from 250 fpm at the flare to 470 fpm at touchdown. The pitch barely changed.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 1,567 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down 2.2 m left of the centreline and drifted to 8.4 m left on the rollout, back to 1.5 m right by the end.
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended.
The 160 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The 467 fpm arrival was firm.
The rest of the report
The Cessna 172 departed from runway 21 at KSEZ Sedona Airport. Takeoff used 604 m, 39 % of the runway, and rotation occurred at 58 kt. Local weather at departure was temperature 6 °C, wind 1 kt from 209°, with 0 kt crosswind and 1 kt headwind.
The aircraft climbed to 1,000 ft agl in 43 seconds, averaging 655 fpm and reaching 79 kt at the top of the initial climb. It then leveled for cruise, flying between 5,300 ft and 5,800 ft asl for 3 minutes, covering 6 nm while positioned about 1 mile south-west of KSEZ.
During the final approach to runway 21, descent began from 842 ft agl to 134 ft agl in 47 seconds. At 500 ft above the runway the stabilisation checks were all met: gear down, landing flap, sink rate, glideslope, centreline, speed, and wings level.
Landing was made on runway 21, whose length is 1,567 m. The threshold height was good and the threshold speed was 55 kt. The flare was very poor; the aircraft ran out of speed in the flare. Touchdown occurred 160 m from the threshold at 53 kt, with a hard rate of -468 fpm. Alignment at touchdown was very good and no bounce occurred. Total landing distance was 553 m, 35 % of the runway, and the rollout ended 7.8 m off the centreline.
The flight covered 8 nm in 5 minutes and consumed 2 kg of fuel. Local weather at landing was temperature 6 °C, wind 1 kt from 210°, with 0 kt crosswind and 1 kt headwind.
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