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CNQ3
Welland, Canada
Runway 11
Elevation581 ft asl
Weight929 lbs
Fuel29 lbs
Wind228° · 4 kn · 3 kn cross

Flight Score

86.08 %
BUSH
1 mile south of Lewiston (New York, United States), United States
Runway XX
Elevation557 ft asl
Weight926 lbs
Fuel26 lbs
Wind228° · 4 kn · 4 kn cross
4 Oct 2025 0:16 16 nm CGS Hawk Arrow II 3 lbs
Departure Score
77.11 %
Enroute Score
91.79 %
Arrival Score
89.34 %

What went well

Touchdown 313 ft in — inside the full-score zone
Threshold crossed at 43 ft and 39 kt — both inside band
Straight touchdown — 13.2 ft off the centreline, no bounce

What held you back

Departure Climb 1 — Heading variation -34.2 ° at 0 %, −4.30 points
Departure Roll — Runway alignment max 1,516.4 ft left at 0 %, −3.33 points
Enroute Level — stall warning; speed limits at 0 %, g force -0.02 to 2.43 g at 73 %, −2.74 points
Arrival Landing — Flare profile at 10 %, bank angle up to 18.3 ° at 58 %, −2.23 points

Top opportunity

Work on the flare

Arrival Landing

Arrive slow and the sink rate at the threshold is already above schedule, the flare is short because there is no energy to extend it, and the touchdown is hard in a way that feels exactly like a late flare. Diagnosing a slow arrival as a late flare is the catastrophic misread: you respond by flaring earlier, which bleeds more speed, which makes the next one worse. The tiebreaker is threshold speed against VRef, not feel. Never diagnose a flare without it.

Read more in Flare Timing

Start to finish · 12 stages, 10 scored

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 11 at CNQ3 Niagara Central Dorothy Rungeling Airport, Average speed was 32 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 32 kt0 kt min to max 41 kt 0 41 kt
Info Average pitch angle 6.2 °4.7 ° min to max 7.4 ° 7.0 6.7 °
Info Average bank angle 0.5 °0.0 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.0 0.5 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.95 g min to max 1.39 g 1.39 0.99 g

Events

Info Battery Master On 2 ft agl
Info Engine 1 Started 2 ft agl
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 2 ft agl
Info Landing Lights Switched On 2 ft agl
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 2 ft agl
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 2 ft agl
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 2 ft agl
Info Landing Gear Down 2 ft agl
Info Flaps Position 1 2 ft agl
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 2 ft agl
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 2 ft agl
Info Landing Lights Switched On 2 ft agl · 3 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 2 ft agl · 3 kt
Departure Roll 80.00Departure roll runway 11 at CNQ3 Niagara Central Dorothy Rungeling Airport. Takeoff distance 43 ft 2 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 42 kt. Local weather - Temperature 82 °F. Wind 4 kt at 228 °. Crosswind: 3 kt Tailwind: 3 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 43 ft2 % of runway
100 % Liftoff speed was 42 ktTarget 0 kt
0 % Runway alignment max 1,516.4 ft left1,516.4 ft left to 0.0 ft left 1,516.4 1,485.5 ft
100 % Average g force 1.04 g0.99 g min to max 1.07 g 0.99 1.07 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 7.7 °6.8 ° min to max 8.2 ° 6.8 8.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.6 °0.5 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.6 0.5 °
Departure Climb 1 74.21Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 11 CNQ3 Niagara Central Dorothy Rungeling Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Heading variation -34.2 °-51.0 ° min to max -16.3 ° -51.0 -16.3 °
100 % Average speed 55 kt43 kt min to max 61 kt 43 60 kt
97 % Average bank angle 1.1 °0.0 ° min to max 3.2 ° 0.5 0.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.91 g min to max 1.09 g 1.08 1.07 g
Info Average VSI 214 fpm-2 fpm min to max 508 fpm -2 508 fpm
Info Average altitude 13 ft agl1 ft agl min to max 43 ft agl 1 43 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 5.1 °3.2 ° min to max 8.6 ° 8.4 8.6 °

Events

Info Flaps Fully Retracted 16 ft agl · 58 kt
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started overhead CNQ3 Niagara Central Dorothy Rungeling Airport Welland (Ontario, Canada). Climbing from 631 ft asl to 1,359 ft asl, an increase of 728 ft in 2 minutes and covering 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 61 kt56 kt min to max 72 kt 60 68 kt
100 % Average bank angle 2.9 °0.0 ° min to max 20.8 ° 0.3 1.7 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.84 g min to max 1.22 g 1.07 1.18 g
Info Average VSI 443 fpm-154 fpm min to max 629 fpm 515 27 fpm
Info Average altitude 908 ft asl631 ft asl min to max 1,360 ft asl 631 1,359 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 6.5 °0.8 ° min to max 8.9 ° 8.6 7.0 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started 1 mile west of Welland (Ontario, Canada) and lasted 6 minutes, covering 8 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±568 ft of 1,722 ft asl1,364 ft asl min to max 1,920 ft asl 1,364 1,660 ft asl
100 % Average speed 72 kt56 kt min to max 85 kt 66 71 kt
100 % Average bank angle 1.4 °0.0 ° min to max 7.8 ° 1.4 7.8 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.80 g min to max 1.21 g 0.96 0.99 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 2.1 °-2.4 ° min to max 10.3 ° 6.8 -0.2 °
Enroute Descent 100.00Enroute descent started 3 miles south west of Niagara Falls (Ontario, Canada). Descent from 1,657 ft asl to 1,125 ft asl, a decrease of 532 ft in 2 minutes and covering 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 75 kt64 kt min to max 84 kt 74 67 kt
100 % Average bank angle 3.4 °0.1 ° min to max 28.2 ° 7.9 2.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.77 g min to max 1.29 g 1.00 1.14 g
Info Average VSI -344 fpm-768 fpm min to max 76 fpm -139 -336 fpm
Info Average altitude 1,404 ft asl1,125 ft asl min to max 1,657 ft asl 1,657 1,125 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -1.3 °-4.4 ° min to max 2.7 ° -0.3 -0.4 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 2 67.14Enroute level cruise started 1 mile south west of Niagara Falls (Ontario, Canada) and lasted 7 minutes, covering 4 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
97 % Altitude held within ±556 ft of 412 ft asl320 ft asl min to max 1,122 ft asl 1,122 621 ft asl
0 % Average speed 67 kt27 kt min to max 85 kt 69 40 kt
77 % Average bank angle 10.7 °0.0 ° min to max 51.4 ° 3.0 8.0 °
73 % Average g force 1.07 g-0.02 g min to max 2.43 g 0.98 1.08 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 1.9 °-41.1 ° min to max 20.3 ° -0.4 3.8 °

Events

Fail Stall Warning Activated 152 ft agl · 40 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 435 ft agl · 52 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 409 ft agl · 51 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 439 ft agl · 51 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 252 ft agl · 44 kt
Info Flaps Position 3 262 ft agl · 38 kt
Info Stall Warning Activated 268 ft agl · 34 kt
Info Flaps Position 4 268 ft agl · 34 kt
Info Stall Warning Deactivated 262 ft agl · 28 kt
Info Stall Warning Activated 239 ft agl · 29 kt
Info Stall Warning Deactivated 199 ft agl · 44 kt
Info Flaps Position 3 199 ft agl · 44 kt
Info Stall Warning Activated 134 ft agl · 58 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 134 ft agl · 58 kt
Info Stall Warning Deactivated 88 ft agl · 61 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 79 ft agl · 64 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 164 ft agl · 41 kt
Info Stall Warning Deactivated 198 ft agl · 42 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 198 ft agl · 42 kt
Info Stall Warning Activated 196 ft agl · 42 kt
Info Stall Warning Deactivated 196 ft agl · 42 kt
Info Stall Warning Activated 199 ft agl · 42 kt
Info Stall Warning Deactivated 207 ft agl · 40 kt
Info Stall Warning Activated 192 ft agl · 42 kt
Info Stall Warning Deactivated 175 ft agl · 42 kt
Arrival Final 1 100.00Approaching landing ground 1 mile south of Lewiston (New York, United States) from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 64 ft agl to 54 ft agl. A decrease of 10 ft in 4 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 7.7 °5.8 ° min to max 9.6 °Target 3.0 ° 5.8 9.6 °
100 % Average speed 40 kt39 kt min to max 41 kt 40 39 kt
100 % Heading variation 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.2 0.0 °
100 % Average bank angle 0.0 °0.0 ° min to max 0.0 ° 0.0 0.0 °
100 % Average g force 0.96 g0.80 g min to max 1.10 g 1.08 0.89 g
Info Average VSI -100 fpm-289 fpm min to max -24 fpm -26 -289 fpm
Info Average altitude 61 ft agl54 ft agl min to max 64 ft agl 64 54 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 1.7 °-1.2 ° min to max 3.8 ° 3.6 1.3 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 4 56 ft agl · 41 kt
00.250.50.751050Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-70-53-35-18018355370Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment ft
Arrival Landing 73.25Approaching touchdown 1 mile south of Lewiston (New York, United States). Descent from 43 ft agl to 0 ft agl. A decrease of 43 ft in 4 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was a little below target at 39 kt. Target 49 kt
10 % Very poor landing flare
100 % Alignment max 0.2 ft right0.0 ft left to 0.2 ft right 0.0 -0.2 ft
58 % Average bank angle 6.7 °0.1 ° min to max 18.3 ° 2.3 18.3 °
100 % Average g force 0.95 g0.74 g min to max 1.20 g 1.05 0.86 g
Info Average speed 36 kt32 kt min to max 39 kt 39 32 kt
Info Average VSI -467 fpm-926 fpm min to max -222 fpm -359 -926 fpm
Info Average altitude 29 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 43 ft agl 43 0 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 4.8 °-1.8 ° min to max 8.5 ° 5.8 7.8 °

Events

Info Stall Warning Activated 44 ft agl · 38 kt
Info Stall Warning Deactivated 41 ft agl · 38 kt
Info Stall Warning Activated 18 ft agl · 35 kt
025001122344556Runway Distance ftLanding Height ft0250-40-32-24-16-80816243240Runway Distance ftRunway Width ft
Arrival Touchdown 86.24Touchdown 1 mile south of Lewiston (New York, United States). Touchdown speed at 32 kt was good. Touchdown rate was very heavy at -926 fpm. Touchdown distance was good at 278 ft. Local weather - Temperature 82 °F. Wind 4 kt at 228 °. Crosswind: 4 kt Tailwind: 2 kt
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
71 % Touchdown rate was -926 fpm.
100 % Speed at touchdown 32 ktTarget below 67 kt
97 % Alignment max 13.2 ft right12.8 ft right -12.2 -13.2 ft
0 % Average bank angle 9.3 °0.0 ° min to max 18.7 ° 18.3 0.0 °
78 % Average g force 1.48 g0.86 g min to max 2.27 g 0.86 1.16 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 31 kt29 kt min to max 32 kt 32 29 kt
Info Average pitch angle 9.7 °7.0 ° min to max 11.6 ° 7.8 7.0 °

Events

Info Stall Warning Deactivated 3 ft agl · 32 kt
Arrival Rollout 97.88Landing rollout 1 mile south of Lewiston (New York, United States). Altitude557 ft asl. Distance was 18 ft.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
95 % Alignment max 14.2 ft right0.0 ft left to 14.2 ft right -13.2 -14.2 ft
100 % Average g force 1.19 g1.03 g min to max 1.27 g 1.03 1.20 g
Info Average speed 31 kt30 kt min to max 31 kt 31 30 kt
Info Average pitch angle 5.7 °4.7 ° min to max 7.5 ° 5.5 7.5 °
Info Average bank angle 2.2 °0.8 ° min to max 3.1 ° 2.2 0.8 °
Runway Exit Exiting rollout 1 mile south of Lewiston (New York, United States), Average speed was 14 kt
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 17 kt4 kt min to max 29 kt 29 4 kt
Info Average pitch angle -5.3 °-44.1 ° min to max 21.2 ° 9.5 -44.1 °
Info Average bank angle 5.6 °0.1 ° min to max 16.3 ° 0.4 16.3 °
Info Average g force 0.99 g0.34 g min to max 1.43 g 1.15 0.34 g

Takeoff

84.48Takeoff roll1,901 ft · 79 %
100.00Liftoff speed42 kt · target 40, 2 fast
0.00Runway alignment1,516.4 ft L
OkBounce on takeoffNone
74.21Rate of climb213 fpm

Landing

The threshold, the flare and the hold-off. The approach that led to it is the stabilisation gates below.

100.00Threshold height43 ft
100.00Threshold speed39 kt · target 43, 4 slow
100.00Centreline offset0.2 ft R
Flare 9.92Very poor landing flare

The stabilisation gates

One stabilised approach gate: five checks where the approach path is 500 ft above the runway. The 1,000 ft gate was not assessed, because the approach did not join final that far out.

Five checks, one gate500 ft
Gear down
Sink rate
On glideslope
On centreline
On speed

The approach, gate by gate

Gate Height Centreline Speed
THR 47 ft — −4 kt

Touchdown on BUSH XX

Past threshold100.00
313ft
Centreline96.50
13.2ft R
Speed100.00
32kttarget 41 or less
Touchdown rate71.46
-1,085fpm
Impact78.00
2.27G
BouncesOk
None

Side view — the last 5,000 ft of the approach.

43 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft 80 ft400 Ideal — 50 ft, down at 1,000 ft This flight — 43 ft, down at 313 ft

Plan view — the full 5,000 ft runway, to the same scale as the side view.

1,0002,0003,0004,0005,000 THRESHOLD CROSS 3 kn FULL SCORE TO 1,650 FT 313 ft past threshold CLEARED

The 313 ft touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 331 ft of 5,000 ft · 7 %
Rollout distance100.00
18ft6 % used
Rollout alignment95.29
14.2ft R

The rest of the report

Explore in detail

Flight narrative

The flight began with a departure roll from runway 11 at the Niagara Central Dorothy Rungeling Airport, also known as CNQ3. The aircraft, a CGS Hawk Arrow II, took off with a takeoff distance of 43 feet, which was just 2% of the runway. The liftoff speed was 42 knots, and the local weather conditions were favorable, with a temperature of 82 degrees Fahrenheit and a gentle wind of 4 knots at 228 degrees.

As the aircraft climbed out of the airport, it began its enroute climb, reaching an altitude of 1,359 feet above sea level in just 2 minutes, covering a distance of 2 nautical miles. The climb started overhead the airport in Welland, Ontario, Canada, and continued until the aircraft reached its cruising altitude. The enroute level cruise then began, lasting for 6 minutes and covering a distance of 8 nautical miles, 1 mile west of Welland.

After leveling off, the aircraft began its enroute descent, starting 3 miles southwest of Niagara Falls, Ontario, Canada. The descent was from an altitude of 1,657 feet above sea level to 1,125 feet above sea level, a decrease of 532 feet in just 2 minutes, covering a distance of 2 nautical miles. The enroute level cruise then resumed, lasting for 7 minutes and covering a distance of 4 nautical miles, 1 mile southwest of Niagara Falls.

As the aircraft approached its destination, it began its final approach to landing, starting 1 mile south of Lewiston, New York, United States. The descent was from an altitude of 64 feet above ground level to 0 feet above ground level, a decrease of 43 feet in just 4 seconds. The touchdown speed was 32 knots, which was considered good, and the touchdown rate was very heavy at -926 feet per minute. The touchdown distance was also good at 278 feet.

After touchdown, the aircraft began its landing rollout, coming to a stop 1 mile south of Lewiston. The altitude at the end of the rollout was 557 feet above sea level, and the distance traveled was just 18 feet. The total flight distance was 16 nautical miles, and the flight used 3 pounds of fuel. The local weather conditions remained the same throughout the flight, with a temperature of 82 degrees Fahrenheit and a gentle wind of 4 knots at 228 degrees.

Flight map
Replay this flight in 3D The full flight path over the terrain with every stage, event and score along the route.
Takeoff report
Takeoff on runway 11 at CNQ3 Niagara Central Dorothy Rungeling Airport in the CGS Hawk Arrow II
77.11 %
Landing report
Landing on runway XX at 1 mile south of Lewiston (New York, United States) in the CGS Hawk Arrow II
Landing Score 89.34 %
Landing Summary

The CGS Hawk Arrow II aircraft successfully completed a landing at a location 1 mile south of Lewiston, New York, with a final approach from 1 nautical mile away at an altitude of 64 feet above ground level (agl). The aircraft's descent from 43 feet agl to 0 feet agl was notable for its steepness, with a decrease of 43 feet in just 4 seconds. This rapid descent suggests that the pilot was able to effectively control the aircraft's rate of descent, but it also resulted in a very heavy touchdown rate of -926 feet per minute (fpm).

The touchdown speed of 32 knots was considered good, indicating that the pilot was able to maintain control of the aircraft and avoid any excessive speed during the landing. The touchdown distance of 278 feet was also deemed good, suggesting that the pilot was able to smoothly bring the aircraft to a stop. The local weather conditions at the time of the landing were favorable, with a temperature of 82°F and a relatively light wind of 4 knots at 228 degrees.

During the landing rollout, the aircraft was at an altitude of 557 feet above sea level (asl), and the distance traveled during the rollout was a relatively short 18 feet. This suggests that the pilot was able to quickly and smoothly bring the aircraft to a stop after touchdown. Overall, the landing was considered successful, with the pilot demonstrating good control and technique throughout the approach and landing phases.

100 %
Final 1
Approaching landing ground 1 mile south of Lewiston (New York, United States) from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 64 ft agl to 54 ft agl. A decrease of 10 ft in 4 seconds.
Glideslope
100 %
Excellent glideslope alignment
Heading
100 %
Excellent heading alignment
Glideslope °
100 %
4 3 2
IAS kt
100 %
41 35 30
Alignment
100 %
0.5 0 -0.5
Bank °
100 %
8 4 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Descent Rate fpm
Info
-24 -162 -300
00.250.50.751050 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Height ft
00.250.50.751-70-53-35-18018355370 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Runway Alignment ft
73.25 %
Landing
Approaching touchdown 1 mile south of Lewiston (New York, United States). Descent from 43 ft agl to 0 ft agl. A decrease of 43 ft in 4 seconds.
Height
100 %
Good threshold height. Target 50 ft agl
Speed
100 %
Threshold speed was a little below target at 39 kt. Target 49 kt
Flare
9.92 %
Very poor landing flare
Centreline ft
100 %
100 0 -100
Bank °
57.73 %
18 9 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
39 35 30
Pitch °
Info
9 4 -1
Descent Rate fpm
Info
-222 -611 -1,000
025001122344556 Runway Distance ft Landing Height ft
0250-40-32-24-16-80816243240 Runway Distance ft Runway Width ft
86.24 %
Touchdown
Touchdown 1 mile south of Lewiston (New York, United States). Touchdown speed at 32 kt was good. Touchdown rate was very heavy at -926 fpm. Touchdown distance was good at 278 ft. Local weather - Temperature 82 °F. Wind 4 kt at 228 °. Crosswind: 4 kt Tailwind: 2 kt
Touchdown
71.46 %
Touchdown rate was very heavy at -928 fpm.
Speed
100 %
Touchdown speed at 32 kt was good. Target below 67 kn
Distance
100 %
Touchdown distance was good at 278 ft.
Alignment
96.5 %
Runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 13 ft from centreline.
Bank
0 %
Bank angle 9.3 °
G
78 %
G 1.48 g
Bounce
100 %
No Bounce Detected
97.88 %
Rollout
Landing rollout 1 mile south of Lewiston (New York, United States). Altitude557 ft asl. Distance was 18 ft.
Distance
100 %
Landing distance 330 ft using 6.6 % of runway
Alignment
95.29 %
Runway rollout alignment was very good.
G
100 %
1.25 1 0.75
IAS kt
Info
28 24 20
Bank °
Info
4 2 0
Pitch °
Info
8 6 4
074149223298372 Runway Distance ft Runway Width ft
Metrics
Metrics

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