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KPHL
Philadelphia, United States
Runway 27L
Elevation13 ft asl
Weight464,168 lbs
Fuel64,435 lbs
Wind260° · 2 kn

Flight Score

99.84 %
KMEM
Memphis, United States
Runway 18L
Elevation276 ft asl
Weight429,154 lbs
Fuel28,768 lbs
Wind250° · 2 kn · 2 kn cross
11 Nov 2026 2:10 776 nm McDonnell Douglas MD-11 35,667 lbs
Departure Score
100.00 %
Enroute Score
99.98 %
Arrival Score
99.53 %

What went well

Touched down at -266 fpm — a soft arrival
Touchdown 840 ft in — inside the full-score zone
Threshold crossed at 15 ft and 157 kt — both inside band

What held you back

Arrival Taxi — scored 98.80 %, −0.08 points
Firm touchdown — 266 fpm, −0.08 points across the landing and the touchdown
  • Arrival Touchdown · sink rate 266 fpm−0.05
  • Arrival Landing · flare: the descent was not taken out−0.03

Next time

Monitor your taxi speed

See Arrival Taxi

Twenty knots on a monitor produces the visual sensation of about ten. The advice to "taxi at a walking pace" cannot fix this, because your sense of walking pace is exactly the thing that's broken. Put the groundspeed readout in your scan and obey it for the next fifty flights, the way a student pilot leans on the airspeed indicator before learning to read attitude.

Read more in How to Taxi Anywhere

Start to finish · 17 stages, 15 in the score

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 100.00Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 12 minutes and covered 3 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 14 kt0 kt min to max 21 kt 0 6 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 0 ktmax 0 kt 0 0 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle -0.1 °-0.2 ° min to max 0.0 ° 0.0 -0.1 °
Info Average bank angle 0.0 °0.0 ° min to max 0.0 ° 0.0 0.0 °

Events

Info Battery Master On 16 ft agl
Info Engine 3 Started 16 ft agl
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 16 ft agl
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 16 ft agl
Info Autopilot Master Switched On 16 ft agl
Info Landing Gear Down 16 ft agl
Info Engine 1 Started 16 ft agl
Info Flaps Position 1 16 ft agl
Info Engine 2 Started 16 ft agl
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 16 ft agl
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 16 ft agl · 8 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 16 ft agl · 10 kt
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 27L at KPHL Philadelphia International Airport, Average speed was 8 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 6 kt6 kt min to max 7 kt 6 7 kt
Info Average pitch angle -0.1 °-0.1 ° min to max -0.1 ° -0.1 -0.1 °
Info Average bank angle 0.0 °0.0 ° min to max 0.0 ° 0.0 0.0 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g
Departure Roll 100.00Departure roll runway 27L at KPHL Philadelphia International Airport. Takeoff distance 3,418 ft 34 % of runway. Rotation speed was 160 kt. Local weather - Temperature 49 °F. Wind 2 kt at 260 °. Crosswind: 0 kt Headwind: 2 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 3,418 ft34 % of runway
100 % Rotation speed was 160 ktTarget 153 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 3.9 ft left3.9 ft left to 0.5 ft right 3.8 1.9 ft
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.06 g 1.00 1.06 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 0.4 °-0.1 ° min to max 7.1 ° -0.1 7.1 °
Info Average bank angle 0.0 °0.0 ° min to max 0.0 ° 0.0 0.0 °
Departure Climb 1 100.00Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 27L KPHL Philadelphia International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.1 °-0.1 ° min to max -0.0 ° -0.0 -0.1 °
100 % Average speed 179 kt174 kt min to max 184 kt 174 184 kt
100 % Steepest bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.1 ° 0.0 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.11 g1.07 g min to max 1.15 g 1.07 1.14 g
Info Average VSI 632 fpm180 fpm min to max 1,308 fpm 180 1,308 fpm
Info Average altitude 8 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 29 ft agl 0 29 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 8.3 °7.1 ° min to max 10.1 ° 7.1 10.1 °
Departure Climb 2 100.00Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 27L KPHL Philadelphia International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.1 °-0.1 ° min to max -0.1 ° -0.1 -0.1 °
100 % Average speed 187 kt184 kt min to max 192 kt 184 192 kt
100 % Steepest bank angle 0.5 °0.1 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.1 0.5 °
100 % Average g force 1.13 g1.00 g min to max 1.15 g 1.15 1.00 g
Info Average VSI 1,787 fpm1,325 fpm min to max 3,033 fpm 1,325 3,033 fpm
Info Average altitude 75 ft agl30 ft agl min to max 327 ft agl 30 327 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 11.2 °10.1 ° min to max 13.5 ° 10.1 13.5 °

Events

Info Taxi Lights Switched Off 126 ft agl · 185 kt
Info Landing Gear Up 163 ft agl · 186 kt
Departure Climb 3 100.00Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 27L KPHL Philadelphia International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Climb speed 196 kt193 kt min to max 198 ktTarget 193 kt, 3 kt fast 193 198 kt
100 % Steepest bank angle 0.7 °0.4 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.6 0.6 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.98 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 0.98 g
100 % Landing gear up at 77 ft aglTarget by 400 ft agl
Info Heading variation -0.2 °-0.3 ° min to max -0.2 ° -0.2 -0.3 °
Info Average VSI 3,421 fpm3,106 fpm min to max 3,673 fpm 3,106 3,673 fpm
Info Average altitude 622 ft agl374 ft agl min to max 881 ft agl 374 881 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 14.2 °13.6 ° min to max 14.6 ° 13.6 14.6 °
Enroute Climb 99.90Enroute climb started overhead 9N2 Philadelphia Seaplane Base Essington (Pennsylvania, United States). Climbing from 1,037 ft asl to 31,709 ft asl, an increase of 30,672 ft in 12 minutes and covering 69 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 274 kt199 kt min to max 331 kt 199 291 kt
100 % Steepest bank angle 19.9 °0.0 ° min to max 19.9 ° 0.6 15.6 °
99 % Average g force 1.01 g0.53 g min to max 1.63 g 0.98 1.04 g
Info Average VSI 2,765 fpm517 fpm min to max 6,137 fpm 3,756 1,534 fpm
Info Average altitude 16,167 ft asl1,037 ft asl min to max 31,709 ft asl 1,037 31,709 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 7.8 °3.8 ° min to max 15.0 ° 14.7 4.3 °
Info Turn coordination 0-22 min to max 20 0 -4

Events

Info Flaps Fully Retracted 4,136 ft agl · 230 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 10,620 ft agl · 307 kt
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started 1 mile south of Grantley (Pennsylvania, United States) and lasted 79 minutes, covering 596 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±2,087 ft of 31,993 ft asl31,733 ft asl min to max 32,007 ft asl 31,733 31,739 ft asl
100 % Average speed 305 kt288 kt min to max 310 kt 290 288 kt
100 % Steepest bank angle 14.8 °0.0 ° min to max 14.8 ° 14.8 0.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.94 g min to max 1.04 g 1.02 1.00 g
Info Turn coordination 0-17 min to max 14 -4 -1
Info Average pitch angle 2.1 °1.2 ° min to max 4.2 ° 4.2 1.2 °
Enroute Descent 100.00Enroute descent started 6 miles south west of 9TN2 Meadowlark Airport Camden (Tennessee, United States). Descent from 31,586 ft asl to 2,369 ft asl, a decrease of 29,217 ft in 17 minutes and covering 89 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 269 kt229 kt min to max 303 kt 280 229 kt
100 % Steepest bank angle 13.0 °0.0 ° min to max 13.0 ° 0.2 0.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.92 g min to max 1.13 g 1.00 0.99 g
Info Average VSI -1,853 fpm-3,514 fpm min to max 59 fpm -853 -1,040 fpm
Info Average altitude 15,215 ft asl2,369 ft asl min to max 31,586 ft asl 31,586 2,369 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -0.5 °-3.5 ° min to max 3.6 ° 1.4 0.4 °
Info Turn coordination 0-14 min to max 15 6 -1

Events

Info Landing Lights Switched On 9,827 ft agl · 273 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 5,780 ft agl · 267 kt
Info Autopilot Approach Localizer Activated 4,017 ft agl · 247 kt
Enroute Level 2 100.00Enroute level cruise started 3 miles south west of Lakeland (Tennessee, United States) and lasted 2 minutes, covering 6 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±610 ft of 2,014 ft asl1,998 ft asl min to max 2,200 ft asl 2,200 2,002 ft asl
100 % Average speed 230 kt228 kt min to max 233 kt 229 230 kt
100 % Steepest bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.1 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.98 g min to max 1.05 g 1.00 1.01 g
Info Turn coordination 0-9 min to max 12 0 -2
Info Average pitch angle 2.5 °0.4 ° min to max 2.8 ° 0.4 2.7 °
Enroute Descent 2 100.00Enroute descent started 3 miles south of Bartlett (Tennessee, United States). Descent from 2,004 ft asl to 717 ft asl, a decrease of 1,286 ft in 2 minutes and covering 6 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 172 kt157 kt min to max 229 kt 229 159 kt
100 % Steepest bank angle 15.3 °0.0 ° min to max 15.3 ° 0.0 1.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.89 g min to max 1.06 g 1.01 1.01 g
Info Average VSI -628 fpm-1,692 fpm min to max 120 fpm 112 -1,275 fpm
Info Average altitude 1,327 ft asl717 ft asl min to max 2,008 ft asl 2,004 717 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 3.4 °-0.6 ° min to max 6.2 ° 2.7 2.1 °
Info Turn coordination -3-33 min to max 17 1 3

Events

Fail GPWS Warning Activated 956 ft agl · 163 kt
Info Flaps Position 5 1,667 ft agl · 204 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 1,582 ft agl · 200 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 1,553 ft agl · 197 kt
Info Flaps Position 6 1,088 ft agl · 167 kt
Arrival Approach 100.00Final approach to runway 18L at KMEM Memphis International Airport. Descent from 686 ft agl to -2 ft agl in 61 seconds. Scored on the stabilisation gates.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Gear downpassed
100 % Landing flappassed
100 % Sink ratepassed
100 % On glideslopepassed
100 % On centrelinepassed
100 % On speedpassed
100 % Wings levelpassed

Events

Fail GPWS Warning Activated still on from Enroute Descent 2 956 ft agl · 163 kt
Info GPWS Warning Deactivated 36 ft agl · 158 kt
Arrival Landing 99.56Landing on runway 18L at KMEM Memphis International Airport, runway length 9,000 ft. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was good at 157 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was good at 157 kt. Target 154 kt
100 % Good threshold height.Target 50 ft agl
98 % Excellent landing flare. It lost 1.7 points, mostly for taking only 124 fpm of the sink out.
100 % Runway alignment max 4.2 ft right2.5 ft right to 4.2 ft right -2.5 -4.2 ft
100 % Steepest bank angle 0.7 °0.6 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.6 0.6 °
100 % Peak g force 1.05 g1.01 g min to max 1.05 g 1.05 1.01 g
Info Average speed 155 kt152 kt min to max 157 kt 157 152 kt
Info Average VSI -295 fpm-380 fpm min to max -262 fpm -380 -270 fpm
Info Average altitude 6 ft agl-3 ft agl min to max 15 ft agl 15 -3 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 5.9 °5.7 ° min to max 6.1 ° 5.7 6.1 °
02505007501,00001123344657Runway Distance ftLanding Height ft02505007501,000-90-72-54-36-1801836547290Runway Distance ftRunway Width ft
Arrival Touchdown 99.31Touchdown distance was good at 840 ft. Touchdown speed at 152 kt was a little fast. Touchdown rate was fair at -266 fpm. Runway touchdown alignment was very good. Local weather - Temperature 62 °F. Wind 2 kt at 250 °. Crosswind: 1 kt Headwind: 1 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
97 % Touchdown rate was -266 fpm.
100 % Touchdown distance was 840 ftTarget 1,500 ft
100 % Speed at touchdown 152 ktTarget below 152 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 5.1 ft right4.6 ft right -4.2 -5.1 ft
100 % Steepest bank angle 0.6 °0.2 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.6 0.2 °
100 % Peak g force 1.26 g1.00 g min to max 1.26 g 1.01 1.10 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 152 kt151 kt min to max 152 kt 152 151 kt
Info Average pitch angle 6.0 °6.0 ° min to max 6.1 ° 6.1 6.0 °
Arrival Rollout 100.00Total landing distance 4,324 ft, 48 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was perfect.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 4,324 ft48 % of runway.
100 % Runway alignment max 7.3 ft right0.0 ft left to 7.3 ft right -7.3 -0.9 ft
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.99 g min to max 1.09 g 1.09 1.00 g
Info Average speed 115 kt77 kt min to max 152 kt 152 77 kt
Info Average pitch angle 1.5 °-0.2 ° min to max 6.2 ° 6.0 -0.1 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.2 0.3 °
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 38 kt
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 38 kt11 kt min to max 77 kt 77 12 kt
Info Average pitch angle -0.2 °-0.3 ° min to max 0.0 ° -0.1 -0.1 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.3 0.1 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g

Events

Info Flaps Fully Retracted 16 ft agl · 13 kt
Arrival Taxi 98.80Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 9 minutes and covered 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
97 % Average speed 16 kt1 kt min to max 31 kt 12 1 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 16 ktmax 16 kt 0 0 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle -0.1 °-0.6 ° min to max 0.3 ° -0.1 -0.1 °
Info Average bank angle 0.0 °0.0 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.1 0.0 °

Events

Info Landing Lights Switched Off 16 ft agl · 13 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched Off 16 ft agl · 14 kt
Info Engine 2 Stopped 16 ft agl · 26 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched Off 16 ft agl · 6 kt

Takeoff from KPHL 27L

Taxi out

LightsOk
All on
Taxi speed100.00
21kt peak

The roll

Takeoff roll100.00
3,418ft34 %
Runway alignment100.00
3.9ft L
Rotation speed100.00
160kttarget 153, 7 late

Rotated late, and slowly

The nose came up at 160 kt, 7 kt after the 153 kt rotate speed, and rose at 1.9° a second, slower than the 2 to 3 airliners use.

The pull started after the rotate speed and was then slow. Start it on the rotate speed and make it one positive, continuous movement at the normal rate for this aircraft.

Liftoff and climb

Liftoff
173ktat 7.1°
Rotation
1.9°/sover 3.4 s, gaining 13 kt
35 ft
185ktat 10.3°, 4.2 s after liftoff
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Bank after liftoff100.00
0.1°steepest
Gear up100.00
77ftfull marks to 400 ft
Climb 3 speed100.00
196kttarget 193

Plan view the roll down the 10,112 ft runway.

Rolled from the start of the runway, never more than 3 ft off the centreline. Airborne 33 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length.

2,0004,0006,0008,00010,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓75 %widest 3.4 ft LAirborne 3,432 ft from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 3,432 ft of 10,112 ft · 34 %
Takeoff roll, 3,432 ft Left ahead, 6,680 ft

Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 881 ft.

Reached 35 ft with 5,428 ft of runway left; gear up at 77 ft, inside the 400 ft that gets full marks; then climbing at 2,300 fpm on average to 881 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The dark stretch of the roll is the run with the nose up and the wheels still on, with its length and time under the runway. The gear-up ring is coloured by its mark. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.

1,000 ft500 ft0CLIMB 3196 kt avgtarget 193THRESHOLDRUNWAY END6080100120140KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLnose up on the runway · 931 ft · 3.4 sRotate 160 kttarget 153Liftoff 173 ktGear up 77 ftfull marks to 400 ft
On the runwayNose up, wheels on the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runwayGear upClimb 3

Speed and pitch from brake release to the end of the climb, against time.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The dashed green line is the speed to rotate at for this aircraft at its weight, and the green dot is where the nose started to come up. The grey band is the run between the nose coming up and the wheels leaving the runway. The figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up, in degrees a second. The rotation detail below draws the rotation against the rates for this aircraft and its tail-strike pitch, where the slope reads properly. The grey dashed line across the pitch is the attitude held from 35 ft to the end: a nose held steady is a climb speed that holds, and the airspeed trace sits directly above it to compare. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.

Climb 3 target 193210 kt14070020°10°0°nose up on the runway · 931 ft · 3.4 sROTATELIFTOFFGEAR UPtarget 153held 12.0°7.1° off · 1.9°/s10° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH0204060 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchRotation speed targetRotation beganNose up, wheels on the runwayClimb attitude heldClimb 3

Rotation detail the pitch over the seconds from rotation to 35 ft, where the slope reads properly.

How to read this

The pitch over the seconds from the nose starting to come up to 35 ft, stretched so the slope reads properly. The green dot is where the nose started up, the grey band runs to the wheels leaving, and the figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up. The two dashed green lines rising from the rotation point are 2 to 3° a second, the rates airliners are rotated at: a trace steeper than both is a faster rotation, one shallower than both a slower one. The red dashed line is 9.5°, the pitch at which this aircraft's tail touches the runway with the wheels still on it, drawn from rotation to liftoff only: once the wheels leave, every foot climbed adds tail clearance.

20°10°0°2°/s3°/sTAIL STRIKE 9.5°ROTATELIFTOFF35 FT7.1° off · 1.9°/s10° at 35 ftROTATION DETAIL-2-10+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8 sseconds from rotation
PitchRotation began2 to 3°/s from rotationTail strikeNose up, wheels on the runway

The stabilisation gates

One stabilised approach gate: seven checks where the approach path is 500 ft above the runway. The 1,000 ft gate was not assessed, because the approach did not join final that far out. These checks are the approach's score.

Seven checks, one gate500 ft 100.007 of 7
Gear down
Landing flap
Sink rate1,050 fpm
On glideslope2.4°
On centreline0.0° off
On speed+4.5 kt
Wings level0° bank

When the approach was stable

Every check met from 1.8 to 0.8 nm, then not again: low from 0.8 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.

Gear downLanding flapSink rateOn glideslopeOn centrelineOn speedWings levelAll checks4 nm321THR
Check metNot metStabilisation gate

The approach to KMEM 18L

The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 1° band in green.

On the glideslope from 3.0 nm, where the final began, to 0.8 nm, then low to the threshold (up to 100 ft under).

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 1,000 ft past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.

5001,0001,5002,000 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 1° BAND729587251123500 ft gate7 of 7418 ft · 159 kt
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height thereStabilisation gate

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.

Joined 3,390 ft left of the centreline at 3.0 nm, then inside the band from 2.1 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR1000 ft L01000 ft RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND3388 ft L120 ft L7 ft L19 ft L5 ft L
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 39 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 23 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.

Inside the speed band all the way, between +3 kt and +5 kt on the approach speed of 154 kt.

How to read this

Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.

140160180200 kt4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRAPPROACH SPEED 154+4 kt+4 kt+4 kt+4 kt+3 kt
Your airspeedApproach speedWhat the gates allowOutside the bandStabilisation gate

Landing and touchdown on KMEM 18L

Over the threshold

Threshold height100.00
15ft
Threshold speed100.00
157kttarget 154, 3 fast
Centreline offset100.00
4.2ft R
Bank100.00
0.7°steepest
Flare98.26

Excellent landing flare

It lost 1.7 points, mostly for taking only 124 fpm of the sink out.

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
840ft
Centreline100.00
5.1ft R
Speed100.00
152kttarget 151, 1 fast
Touchdown rate96.53
-266fpm
Impact100.00
1.26G
BouncesOk
None
Bank100.00
0.6°as the wheels touched

Rollout

Rollout distance100.00
3,332ft46 % used
Rollout alignment100.00
7.3ft R

Taxi in

LightsOk
All set
Taxi speed98.50
31kt peak16 kt in turns

Side view — the last 5,000 ft of the approach.

Began the flare at 16 ft, 14 ft before the threshold; crossed the threshold at 15 ft, 35 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 840 ft in, 160 ft short of the ideal 1,000 ft.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 5,000 ft across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 1,000 ft in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

15 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 Flare began at 16 ft, 14 ft before the threshold−373 fpm · 5.6° · 157 ktdescent slowed at 8 ft · −256 fpm · 5.9°−265 fpm · 6.1° nose up · 152 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 1,000 ft This flight — 15 ft, down at 840 ft

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 370 fpm at the flare to 260 fpm at touchdown. The pitch barely changed. Into the flare at 157 kt, 3 kt over the 154 kt approach speed, and 152 kt at touchdown.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,0000°5°10°descent slowedtouchdown−265 fpm at touchdown6.1° at touchdown, +0.5° from the flare
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the first 5,000 ft of the 9,000 ft runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down 5 ft right of the centreline, and stayed within 10 ft of it down the rollout. Little crosswind (1 kt): nothing to correct for. Touched down straight, wings level.

Wind 250° at 2 kt · 1 kt head · 1 kt across

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way. The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. The sentence gives the nose against the direction you were actually moving as the wheels touched, and the steepest bank as they touched, the figure the touchdown's Bank tile marks. The rest of it is shown for reading, not marked.

1,0002,0003,0004,0005,000 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ CROSS 1 kn FULL SCORE TO 1,650 FT 840 ft past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 840 ft touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 4,172 ft of 9,000 ft · 46 %
In the air over the runway, 840 ftRollout, 3,332 ft Left over, 4,828 ft

The stop — touchdown to taxi speed.

From 154 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 52 s, an average deceleration of 0.12 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

0408012016060 kt · 3,999 ft30 kt · 5,793 fttouchdown6,025 ftkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

The rest of the report

Explore in detail

Flight narrative

The MD-11 taxied from the parking area to runway 27L at KPHL for 12 minutes, covering 3 nm, and then departed runway 27L. Takeoff used 3,418 ft, 34 % of the runway, with rotation at 160 kt. The local weather was 49 °F, wind 2 kt from 260°, crosswind 0 kt, headwind 2 kt.

Initial climb to 1,000 ft agl took 20 seconds, averaging 2,349 fpm and reaching 198 kt at the top. The climb continued from 1,037 ft asl to 31,709 ft asl in 12 minutes, covering 69 nm, beginning overhead 9N2 Philadelphia Seaplane Base Essington.

The aircraft level-flew at 32,000 ft asl for 79 minutes, covering 596 nm, starting 1 mile south of Grantley.

Descent began from 31,586 ft asl to 717 ft asl in 20 minutes, covering 101 nm, starting 6 miles south-west of 9TN2 Meadowlark Airport Camden, with a brief level-off at 2,000 ft asl.

On final approach to runway 18L at KMEM, descent from 686 ft agl to -2 ft agl took 61 seconds. Stabilisation checks at 500 ft above the runway were all met: gear down, landing flap, sink rate, glideslope, centreline, speed, wings level. Configuration was gear down at 1,582 ft agl, 200 kt; final flap position 6 at 1,088 ft agl, 167 kt.

Landing on runway 18L (runway length 9,000 ft) had a good threshold height and a threshold speed of 157 kt. The flare was described as excellent. Touchdown occurred 840 ft down the runway at 152 kt, a little fast, with a touchdown rate of minus 266 fpm; alignment was very good and there was no bounce. Total landing distance was 4,324 ft, 48 % of the runway, and rollout alignment was perfect.

After landing, the MD-11 taxied to the parking area for 9 minutes, covering 2 nm. The flight covered a total of 776 nm in 130 minutes and used 35,667 lbs of fuel.

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