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KLNS
Lancaster, United States
Runway 08
Fuel444 kg

Flight Score

86.04 %
KRDG
Reading, United States
Runway 36
Fuel444 kg
11 Jul 2022 0:10 21 nm TBM 930
Departure Score
83.49 %
Enroute Score
89.83 %
Arrival Score
84.81 %

What went well

Touchdown 259 m in — inside the full-score zone
Straight touchdown — 2.90 m off the centreline, no bounce
1.13 G at touchdown — inside band

What held you back

Arrival Taxi — flaps not retracted, then taxi light off should be on; peak speed in a turn 26 kt at 0 %, Average speed 22 kn at 62 %, −3.25 points
Departure Roll — landing lights off should be on, then flaps not extended; Runway alignment max 6.15 m at 62 %, −2.30 points
Enroute Climb — scored 69.13 %, −2.06 points
Arrival Touchdown — at 0 %, Runway alignment max 2.90 m at 84 %, −0.28 points

Top opportunity

Shorten the long landing

Arrival Touchdown

Ground effect becomes significant below about one wingspan of height. A Cessna 172, with a 36 ft span, enters ground effect at flare height - the float it feels in the hold-off is ground effect arriving on cue. An A320, with a span around 117 ft, has been in ground effect since before the threshold and there is no sudden cushion to feel, only a gradual reduction in induced drag that lengthens any float you allow.

Read more in Flare Timing

Start to finish · 17 stages, 16 scored

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Roll 72.43
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
62 % Runway alignment max 6.15 m6.15 m left to 0.00 m left 0.47 4.75 m
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.96 g min to max 1.03 g 1.00 1.02 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 0.9 °-0.8 ° min to max 4.7 ° -0.6 3.7 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.2 0.2 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights OFF should be ON
Fail Flaps not extended
Departure Climb 1 98.03Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 08 KLNS Lancaster.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.2 °-0.3 ° min to max 0.7 ° -0.3 0.7 °
0 % 0 0 kn
92 % Average bank angle 1.7 °0.3 ° min to max 3.7 ° 0.5 0.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g0.97 g min to max 1.12 g 1.05 1.01 g
Info Average VSI 419 ft/m243 ft/m min to max 633 ft/m 243 633 ft/m
Info Average altitude 16 ft agl-1 ft agl min to max 43 ft agl -1 43 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 4.7 °3.9 ° min to max 5.8 ° 4.0 5.4 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Up 18 ft agl · 103 kt
Info Autopilot Master Switched On 39 ft agl · 112 kt
Info Autopilot Yaw Damper Activated 39 ft agl · 112 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 50 ft agl · 114 kt
Departure Climb 2 85.06Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 08 KLNS Lancaster.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 1.4 °0.8 ° min to max 1.8 ° 0.8 0.9 °
0 % 0 0 kn
90 % Average bank angle 1.9 °0.0 ° min to max 6.3 ° 0.2 0.8 °
23 % Average g force 1.03 g0.67 g min to max 2.59 g 0.99 0.71 g
Info Average VSI 773 ft/m-35 ft/m min to max 2,574 ft/m 643 2,531 ft/m
Info Average altitude 157 ft agl45 ft agl min to max 400 ft agl 45 400 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 3.4 °-0.9 ° min to max 13.4 ° 5.1 6.9 °

Events

Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 70 ft agl · 120 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Activated 70 ft agl · 120 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 71 ft agl · 130 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Deactivated 71 ft agl · 130 kt
Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Activated 148 ft agl · 153 kt
Departure Climb 3 78.42Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 08 KLNS Lancaster.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.6 °0.3 ° min to max 0.9 ° 0.9 0.3 °
0 % 0 0 kn
99 % Average bank angle 1.1 °0.2 ° min to max 4.2 ° 0.8 4.2 °
94 % Average g force 0.92 g0.64 g min to max 1.18 g 0.70 1.06 g
100 % Landing gear up
Info Average VSI 1,346 ft/m814 ft/m min to max 2,508 ft/m 2,508 1,055 ft/m
Info Average altitude 517 ft agl404 ft agl min to max 600 ft agl 404 600 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 3.4 °1.0 ° min to max 6.8 ° 6.8 2.8 °

Events

Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 539 ft agl · 171 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Activated 539 ft agl · 171 kt
Enroute Climb 69.13Enroute climb started 2.0 miles north east of KLNS Lancaster Lancaster (Pennsylvania, United States). Climbing from 999 ft asl to 1,998 ft asl, an increase of 999 ft in 1 minutes and covering 4 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average bank angle 3.6 °0.0 ° min to max 9.0 ° 4.4 0.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.80 g min to max 1.09 g 1.05 0.98 g
Info Average VSI 1,027 ft/m154 ft/m min to max 1,299 ft/m 1,065 170 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,288 ft asl999 ft asl min to max 1,998 ft asl 999 1,998 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 2.8 °0.3 ° min to max 3.3 ° 2.8 0.3 °
Info Turn coordination 0-13 min to max 8 -6 -1

Events

Info Flaps Fully Retracted 736 ft agl · 184 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 1,458 ft agl · 199 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Deactivated 1,458 ft agl · 199 kt
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started Ephrata (Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, United States) and lasted 3 minutes, covering 9 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 2,006 ft asl1,959 ft asl min to max 2,032 ft asl 2,000 1,959 ft asl
0 % 0 0 kn
100 % Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 5.0 ° 0.1 5.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.92 g min to max 1.11 g 0.97 1.11 g
Info Turn coordination 0-12 min to max 8 0 -5
Info Average pitch angle 0.8 °-0.4 ° min to max 1.7 ° 0.3 -0.4 °

Events

Info Autopilot Master Switched Off 1,375 ft agl · 158 kt
Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Deactivated 1,375 ft agl · 158 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 1,375 ft agl · 158 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 1,328 ft agl · 160 kt
Enroute Descent 90.00Enroute descent started 4.0 miles south east of 28PA Boyer Wernersville (Pennsylvania, United States). Descent from 1,956 ft asl to 1,767 ft asl, a decrease of 189 ft in less than 1 minute. and covering 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % 0 0 kn
100 % Average bank angle 9.1 °0.1 ° min to max 17.5 ° 6.0 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.92 g min to max 1.14 g 1.02 1.02 g
Info Average VSI -360 ft/m-754 ft/m min to max -104 ft/m -209 -460 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,867 ft asl1,767 ft asl min to max 1,956 ft asl 1,956 1,767 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -0.8 °-2.3 ° min to max 0.8 ° -0.2 -1.0 °
Info Turn coordination -6-27 min to max 21 -5 -9
Enroute Level 2 100.00Enroute level cruise started 5.0 miles south east of 28PA Boyer Wernersville (Pennsylvania, United States) and lasted 1 minutes, covering 3 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 1,700 ft asl1,655 ft asl min to max 1,758 ft asl 1,758 1,660 ft asl
0 % 0 0 kn
100 % Average bank angle 1.0 °0.0 ° min to max 3.3 ° 1.1 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.89 g min to max 1.18 g 1.01 0.91 g
Info Turn coordination -7-18 min to max 0 -6 0
Info Average pitch angle -0.1 °-2.1 ° min to max 1.2 ° -0.8 -1.4 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Down 1,351 ft agl · 143 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 1,354 ft agl · 141 kt
Enroute Descent 2 90.00Enroute descent started 1.0 miles south of KRDG Reading Rgnl\/Carl A Spaatz Fie Reading (Pennsylvania, United States). Descent from 1,653 ft asl to 1,087 ft asl, a decrease of 566 ft in 1 minutes and covering 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % 0 0 kn
100 % Average bank angle 6.6 °0.0 ° min to max 17.5 ° 0.6 2.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.82 g min to max 1.16 g 0.97 1.08 g
Info Average VSI -579 ft/m-1,096 ft/m min to max -323 ft/m -323 -595 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,348 ft asl1,087 ft asl min to max 1,653 ft asl 1,653 1,087 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -3.1 °-5.7 ° min to max -0.9 ° -1.9 -4.0 °
Info Turn coordination -2-22 min to max 19 -7 -1
Arrival Final 3 95.25Approaching runway 36 at KRDG Reading Rgnl\/Carl A Spaatz Fie from 3 nm to 2 nm. Descent from 797 ft agl to 758 ft agl. A decrease of 39 ft in 4 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
96 % Approach angle 3.4 °3.3 ° min to max 3.4 °Target 3.0 ° 3.3 3.4 °
0 % 0 0 kn
100 % Heading variation -0.7 °-0.7 ° min to max -0.6 ° -0.6 -0.7 °
83 % Average bank angle 1.7 °0.8 ° min to max 2.6 ° 2.5 1.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.92 g min to max 1.08 g 1.07 0.98 g
Info Average VSI -546 ft/m-589 ft/m min to max -518 ft/m -589 -550 ft/m
Info Average altitude 778 ft agl758 ft agl min to max 797 ft agl 797 758 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -3.5 °-4.4 ° min to max -2.7 ° -3.9 -4.2 °
22.252.52.753-50050100150200250300350400450500550600650700750800Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft22.252.52.753-70-53-35-18018355370Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Final 2 99.15Approaching runway 36 at KRDG Reading Rgnl\/Carl A Spaatz Fie from 2 nm to 1 nm. Descent from 757 ft agl to 373 ft agl. A decrease of 384 ft in 29 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 3.2 °3.1 ° min to max 3.4 °Target 3.0 ° 3.4 3.2 °
0 % 0 0 kn
100 % Heading variation -0.3 °-0.7 ° min to max 0.0 ° -0.7 0.0 °
96 % Average bank angle 1.2 °0.0 ° min to max 3.2 ° 1.1 0.9 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.84 g min to max 1.11 g 0.96 1.01 g
Info Average VSI -771 ft/m-1,016 ft/m min to max -554 ft/m -554 -642 ft/m
Info Average altitude 553 ft agl373 ft agl min to max 757 ft agl 757 373 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -4.5 °-6.2 ° min to max -2.9 ° -4.3 -3.4 °
11.251.51.752-50050100150200250300350400450500550600650700750Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft11.251.51.752-70-53-35-18018355370Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Final 1 99.96Approaching runway 36 at KRDG Reading Rgnl\/Carl A Spaatz Fie from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 371 ft agl to 86 ft agl. A decrease of 286 ft in 32 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 3.2 °2.8 ° min to max 3.6 °Target 3.0 ° 3.2 2.8 °
0 % 0 0 kn
100 % Heading variation -0.1 °-0.3 ° min to max 0.0 ° 0.0 0.0 °
99.8 % Average bank angle 1.0 °0.0 ° min to max 5.4 ° 0.9 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.88 g min to max 1.12 g 1.00 1.01 g
Info Average VSI -520 ft/m-808 ft/m min to max -57 ft/m -644 -640 ft/m
Info Average altitude 221 ft agl86 ft agl min to max 371 ft agl 371 86 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -0.7 °-3.8 ° min to max 2.3 ° -3.5 0.6 °
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-40-30-20-10010203040Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Landing 82.06Landing on runway 36 at KRDG Reading Rgnl\/Carl A Spaatz Fie, runway length 1,538 m. Threshold height at 85 ft agl was significantly above target.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Target 50 ft agl
100 % Heading variation 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.1 ° 0.0 0.1 °
100 % Average bank angle 0.5 °0.0 ° min to max 1.2 ° 0.1 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.04 g0.99 g min to max 1.14 g 1.01 1.00 g
0 % 0 0 kn
Info Average VSI -381 ft/m-640 ft/m min to max -178 ft/m -640 -178 ft/m
Info Average altitude 62 ft agl50 ft agl min to max 85 ft agl 85 50 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 3.1 °0.6 ° min to max 4.2 ° 0.6 3.5 °
07515022530037545052501123344657Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150225300375450525-24-20-16-12-8-404812162024Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 94.09
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
84 % Runway alignment max 2.90 m2.56 m left 2.29 2.90 m
100 % Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.1 ° 0.0 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.04 g0.99 g min to max 1.13 g 1.13 0.99 g
100 % Landing Bounce
0 % 0 0 kn
Info Average pitch angle 2.7 °1.5 ° min to max 3.3 ° 3.3 1.5 °
Arrival Rollout 91.49Total landing distance 575 m, 37 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was very good.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 575 m37 % of runway.
81 % Runway alignment max 3.38 m3.38 m left to 0.00 m left 2.99 2.85 m
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.97 g min to max 1.02 g 1.01 0.99 g
Info Average speed 55 kn31 kn min to max 67 kn 67 31 kn
Info Average pitch angle -1.1 °-2.0 ° min to max 1.0 ° 1.0 -2.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.0 0.0 °
Runway Exit
Arrival Taxi 31.70Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 1 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
62 % Average speed 22 kn12 kn min to max 26 kn 17 12 kn
0 % Average speed turning corners 22 knmax 26 kn 0 0 kn
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.01 0.99 g
Info Average pitch angle -0.8 °-1.5 ° min to max -0.4 ° -0.6 -1.5 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.6 0.1 °

Events

Fail Flaps not retracted
Fail Taxi Light OFF should be ON

Takeoff

62.13Runway alignment6.15 m L
OkBounce on takeoffNone

Landing

The threshold, the flare and the hold-off. The approach that led to it is the stabilisation gates below.

100.00Centreline offset0.03 m L

The rest of the report

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Takeoff report
Takeoff on runway 08 at KLNS Lancaster in the TBM 930
72.42 %
Takeoff Roll
Takeoff Distance
100 %
Roll distance of 0 m using 0 % of runway
Alignment
62.12 %
6.15 m left to 0.00 m left
Bounce
100 %
No Bounce Detected
Strobe Lights
100 %
Switched On
Landing Lights
0 %
Switched Off
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
10 5 0
Bank °
Info
1 0.5 0
Pitch °
Info
5 2.5 0
02505007501,0001,2501,5001,750-25-20-15-10-50510152025 Runway Distance m Runway Alignment to End of Runway m
98.03 %
Climb 1
Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 08 KLNS Lancaster.
Alignment
100 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
10 5 0
Bank °
92.13 %
4 2 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
6 4.5 3
Climb Rate fpm
Info
700 300 -100
85.06 %
Climb 2
Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 08 KLNS Lancaster.
Alignment
100 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
10 5 0
Bank °
90.05 %
7 3.5 0
G
23.43 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
14 7 0
Climb Rate fpm
Info
2,600 1,250 -100
78.42 %
Climb 3
Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 08 KLNS Lancaster.
Alignment
100 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
10 5 0
Bank °
99.2 %
5 2.5 0
G
93.71 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
7 4 1
Climb Rate fpm
Info
2,600 1,650 700
02505007501,0001,2501,5001,75000.20.40.60.81 Runway Distance m Height at End of Runway ft
00.250.50100200300400500 Climb Distance NM Climb Profile to 1,000 ft
00.250.5-60-48-36-24-1201224364860 Climb Distance NM Runway Alignment (in m) to 1,000 ft
Landing report
Landing on runway 36 at KRDG Reading Rgnl\/Carl A Spaatz Fie in the TBM 930
Landing Score 91.9 %
95.25 %
Final 3
Approaching runway 36 at KRDG Reading Rgnl\/Carl A Spaatz Fie from 3 nm to 2 nm. Descent from 797 ft agl to 758 ft agl. A decrease of 39 ft in 4 seconds.
Glideslope
95.67 %
Excellent glideslope alignment
Heading
100 %
Excellent heading alignment
Glideslope °
95.67 %
4 3 2
IAS kt
1 0.5 0
Alignment
100 %
0.5 0 -0.5
Bank °
82.72 %
3 1.5 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Descent Rate fpm
Info
-518 -559 -600
22.252.52.753-50050100150200250300350400450500550600650700750800 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Height ft
22.252.52.753-70-53-35-18018355370 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Runway Alignment m
99.15 %
Final 2
Approaching runway 36 at KRDG Reading Rgnl\/Carl A Spaatz Fie from 2 nm to 1 nm. Descent from 757 ft agl to 373 ft agl. A decrease of 384 ft in 29 seconds.
Glideslope
100 %
Excellent glideslope alignment
Heading
100 %
Excellent heading alignment
Glideslope °
100 %
4 3 2
IAS kt
1 0.5 0
Alignment
100 %
0.5 0 -0.5
Bank °
95.77 %
4 2 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Descent Rate fpm
Info
-554 -827 -1,100
11.251.51.752-50050100150200250300350400450500550600650700750 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Height ft
11.251.51.752-70-53-35-18018355370 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Runway Alignment m
99.96 %
Final 1
Approaching runway 36 at KRDG Reading Rgnl\/Carl A Spaatz Fie from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 371 ft agl to 86 ft agl. A decrease of 286 ft in 32 seconds.
Glideslope
100 %
Excellent glideslope alignment
Heading
100 %
Excellent heading alignment
Glideslope °
100 %
4 3 2
IAS kt
1 0.5 0
Alignment
100 %
0.5 0 -0.5
Bank °
99.81 %
6 3 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Descent Rate fpm
Info
-58 -479 -900
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Height ft
00.250.50.751-40-30-20-10010203040 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Runway Alignment m
82.06 %
Landing
Landing on runway 36 at KRDG Reading Rgnl\/Carl A Spaatz Fie, runway length 1,538 m. Threshold height at 85 ft agl was significantly above target.
Height
0 %
Threshold height at 85 ft agl was significantly above target. Target 50 ft agl
Flare
0 %
Very poor landing flare
Centreline ft
100 %
100 0 -100
Bank °
100 %
2 1 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
1 0.5 0
Pitch °
Info
5 2.5 0
Descent Rate fpm
Info
-178 -439 -700
07515022530037545052501123344657 Runway Distance m Landing Height ft
075150225300375450525-24-20-16-12-8-404812162024 Runway Distance m Runway Width m
94.09 %
Touchdown
Touchdown
94.51 %
Touchdown rate was good at -169 ft/m.
Distance
100 %
Touchdown distance was good at 248 m.
Alignment
84.33 %
Runway touchdown alignment was very good.
Bank
100 %
Bank angle 0.1 °
G
100 %
G 1.04 g
Bounce
100 %
No Bounce Detected
91.49 %
Rollout
Total landing distance 575 m, 37 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was very good.
Distance
100 %
Landing distance 575 m using 37.41 % of runway
Alignment
81.08 %
Runway rollout alignment was very good.
G
100 %
1.25 1 0.75
IAS kt
Info
1 0.5 0
Bank °
Info
1 0.5 0
Pitch °
Info
2 0 -2
0200400 Runway Distance m Runway Width m
31.7 %
Taxi
Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 1 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
Landing Lights
100 %
Switched Off
Taxi Lights
Switched Off
Ground Speed kt
30 15 0
Turn Speed
0 %
30 15 0
G
100 %
1.25 1 0.75
Bank °
Info
1 0.5 0
Pitch °
Info
1 0 -1
Metrics
Metrics

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