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KMCD
Mackinac I, United States
Runway 08
Elevation728 ft asl
Weight5,909 lbs
Fuel1,008 lbs
Wind150° · 7 kn · 6 kn cross

Flight Score

94.39 %
CYAM
Sault Ste Marie, Canada
Runway 12
Elevation617 ft asl
Weight5,819 lbs
Fuel875 lbs
14 Jan 2023 0:23 51 nm TBM 930 133 lbs
Departure Score
90.53 %
Enroute Score
100.00 %
Arrival Score
91.57 %

What went well

Touched down at -174 fpm — a soft arrival
Rollout controlled — 33 % of the runway used
Airborne in 1,639 ft — 47 % of the runway

What held you back

Departure Climb 3 — bank angle up to 28.0 ° at 0 %, −1.33 points
Arrival Landing — bank angle up to 2.2 ° at 41 %, Landing and flare profile at 85 %, −1.05 points
Arrival Rollout — Runway alignment max 24.0 ft at 54 %, −0.98 points

Next time

Avoid steep turns at low altitude

See Departure Climb 3

Below a thousand feet the aeroplane is slow, heavy and close to the ground. A steep turn loses lift, raises the stall speed and flattens the climb just when the gradient matters most. A normal turn on course is a rate one — fifteen degrees or so, twenty-five at the outside, this penalty is to acknowledge when a turn has stopped being a turn and become a manoeuvre.

Read more in Improve Your Take-Offs

Start to finish · 16 stages, 15 in the score

The flight story

The approach before the go-around was abandoned. Its marks are shown, but only the approach that landed counts.

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 90.00Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 2 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 5 kn0 kn min to max 19 kn 0 19 kn
100 % Average speed turning corners 0 knmax 0 kn 0 0 kn
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g
0 % Beacon, navigation and taxi lights on
Info Average pitch angle -0.5 °-0.9 ° min to max 0.0 ° 0.0 -0.5 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.0 0.2 °

Events

Fail Beacon Light OFF should be ON
Fail Navigation Light OFF should be ON
Fail Navigation Light OFF should be ON
Info Pitot Heat Switched On 3 ft agl
Info Parking Brake Off 3 ft agl
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 3 ft agl
Info Parking Brake On 3 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 3 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Autopilot Yaw Damper Activated 3 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 3 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Autopilot Flight Director Activated 3 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Activated 3 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Pitot Heat Switched Off 3 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Pitot Heat Switched On 3 ft agl · 2 kt
Departure Roll 89.15Departure roll runway 08 at KMCD Mackinac I. Takeoff distance 1,113 ft 32 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 87 kn. Local weather - Temperature 27 °F. Wind 7 kn at 150 °. Crosswind: 6 kn Headwind: 2 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 1,113 ft32 % of runway
100 % Liftoff speed was 87 knTarget 91 kn
96 % Runway alignment max 6.8 ft2.8 ft left to 4.0 ft right -0.7 2.6 ft
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.97 g min to max 1.02 g 1.01 1.02 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 0.4 °-0.5 ° min to max 3.7 ° -0.5 3.7 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.1 0.1 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights OFF should be ON
Fail Strobe Light OFF should be ON
Departure Climb 1 99.28Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 08 KMCD Mackinac I.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.2 °-0.3 ° min to max -0.1 ° -0.1 -0.3 °
100 % Average speed 97 kn88 kn min to max 105 kn 88 105 kn
97 % Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 1.3 ° 0.0 1.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.05 g1.00 g min to max 1.12 g 1.03 1.07 g
Info Average VSI 492 ft/m324 ft/m min to max 663 ft/m 324 663 ft/m
Info Average altitude 16 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 41 ft agl 0 41 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 5.6 °3.8 ° min to max 7.2 ° 3.8 7.2 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Up 29 ft agl · 100 kt
Departure Climb 2 94.25Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 08 KMCD Mackinac I.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.4 °-0.4 ° min to max -0.1 ° -0.3 -0.1 °
100 % Average speed 112 kn105 kn min to max 133 kn 105 133 kn
77 % Average bank angle 1.0 °0.0 ° min to max 3.1 ° 1.4 3.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.04 g0.87 g min to max 1.10 g 1.07 1.10 g
Info Average VSI 1,016 ft/m679 ft/m min to max 1,714 ft/m 679 1,641 ft/m
Info Average altitude 113 ft agl56 ft agl min to max 388 ft agl 56 388 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 8.1 °7.2 ° min to max 10.1 ° 7.2 10.1 °

Events

Info Flaps Fully Retracted 105 ft agl · 114 kt
Info Autopilot Master Switched On 313 ft agl · 130 kt
Departure Climb 3 80.00Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 08 KMCD Mackinac I.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.8 °-2.1 ° min to max -0.1 ° -0.1 -2.1 °
100 % Average speed 134 kn133 kn min to max 135 kn 134 133 kn
0 % Average bank angle 20.5 °7.7 ° min to max 28.0 ° 7.7 28.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.10 g1.03 g min to max 1.17 g 1.17 1.03 g
100 % Landing gear up
Info Average VSI 2,548 ft/m1,840 ft/m min to max 2,888 ft/m 1,840 2,843 ft/m
Info Average altitude 560 ft agl406 ft agl min to max 724 ft agl 406 724 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 13.8 °11.6 ° min to max 14.8 ° 11.6 14.7 °
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started overhead KMCD Mackinac I Mackinac I (Michigan, United States). Climbing from 1,558 ft asl to 11,995 ft asl, an increase of 10,437 ft in 5 minutes and covering 11 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Climb speed 130 kn127 kn min to max 140 knTarget 135 kn 131 132 kn
100 % Average bank angle 13.2 °0.1 ° min to max 30.2 ° 29.3 1.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.81 g min to max 1.13 g 1.10 1.01 g
Info Average VSI 2,411 ft/m-57 ft/m min to max 2,749 ft/m 2,749 -57 ft/m
Info Average altitude 4,974 ft asl1,558 ft asl min to max 12,003 ft asl 1,558 11,995 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 12.2 °1.9 ° min to max 14.5 ° 14.5 2.2 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Landing Lights Switched On 1,242 ft agl · 129 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 1,281 ft agl · 129 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched Off 1,318 ft agl · 130 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 1,391 ft agl · 130 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 1,391 ft agl · 130 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 11,090 ft agl · 157 kt
Enroute Descent 100.00Enroute descent started 9 miles south east of MI98 Dowd Field Fibre (Michigan, United States). Descent from 11,995 ft asl to 2,210 ft asl, a decrease of 9,785 ft in 10 minutes and covering 29 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 166 kn140 kn min to max 231 kn 159 140 kn
100 % Average bank angle 5.4 °0.1 ° min to max 17.8 ° 0.1 11.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.93 g min to max 1.15 g 1.00 1.03 g
Info Average VSI -846 ft/m-1,420 ft/m min to max 7 ft/m -39 -1 ft/m
Info Average altitude 5,150 ft asl2,209 ft asl min to max 11,995 ft asl 11,995 2,210 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -1.3 °-3.1 ° min to max 2.8 ° 2.4 2.0 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 11,417 ft agl · 156 kt
Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Deactivated 11,354 ft agl · 156 kt
Info Autopilot Approach Mode Activated 11,354 ft agl · 156 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 1,707 ft agl · 150 kt
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started 4 miles north of Dollar Settlement (Chippewa County, Michigan, United States) and lasted 3 minutes, covering 6 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 2,203 ft asl2,074 ft asl min to max 2,224 ft asl 2,210 2,074 ft asl
100 % Average speed 119 kn92 kn min to max 148 kn 140 104 kn
100 % Average bank angle 2.1 °0.0 ° min to max 12.7 ° 11.7 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.92 g min to max 1.07 g 1.02 0.99 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 1.5 °-2.6 ° min to max 4.0 ° 1.9 -2.6 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Down 1,610 ft agl · 140 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 1,589 ft agl · 116 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 1,612 ft agl · 117 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 1,611 ft agl · 95 kt
Arrival 100.00Not counted in the flight scoreArrival started 4 miles north of Dollar Settlement (Chippewa County, Michigan, United States).
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 101 kn101 kn min to max 103 kn 103 101 kn
100 % Average bank angle 0.1 °0.1 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.2 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average VSI -526 ft/m-534 ft/m min to max -519 ft/m -532 -519 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,973 ft asl1,890 ft asl min to max 2,065 ft asl 2,065 1,890 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -2.4 °-2.5 ° min to max -2.4 ° -2.5 -2.4 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Arrival Final 4 100.00Approaching runway 12 at CYAM Sault Ste Marie from 4 nm to 3 nm. Descent from 1,264 ft agl to 955 ft agl. A decrease of 309 ft in 36 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 3.0 °3.0 ° min to max 3.0 °Target 3.0 ° 3.0 3.0 °
100 % Average speed 99 kn98 kn min to max 101 kn 101 99 kn
100 % Heading variation -0.2 °-0.2 ° min to max -0.2 ° -0.2 -0.2 °
100 % Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.0 0.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average VSI -502 ft/m-521 ft/m min to max -494 ft/m -520 -496 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,110 ft agl955 ft agl min to max 1,264 ft agl 1,264 955 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -2.4 °-2.6 ° min to max -2.2 ° -2.3 -2.5 °
33.253.53.7549009501,0001,0501,1001,1501,2001,2501,3001,3501,4001,4501,500Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft33.253.53.754-330-248-165-83083165248330Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment ft
Arrival Final 3 100.00Approaching runway 12 at CYAM Sault Ste Marie from 3 nm to 2 nm. Descent from 947 ft agl to 637 ft agl. A decrease of 310 ft in 38 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 3.0 °3.0 ° min to max 3.0 °Target 3.0 ° 3.0 3.0 °
100 % Average speed 98 kn98 kn min to max 99 kn 99 98 kn
100 % Heading variation -0.2 °-0.2 ° min to max -0.2 ° -0.2 -0.2 °
100 % Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.3 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average VSI -489 ft/m-500 ft/m min to max -483 ft/m -498 -485 ft/m
Info Average altitude 792 ft agl637 ft agl min to max 947 ft agl 947 637 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -2.4 °-2.5 ° min to max -2.2 ° -2.5 -2.4 °
22.252.52.7535506006507007508008509009501,0001,0501,100Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft22.252.52.753-270-203-135-68068135203270Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment ft
Arrival Final 2 100.00Approaching runway 12 at CYAM Sault Ste Marie from 2 nm to 1 nm. Descent from 629 ft agl to 320 ft agl. A decrease of 309 ft in 39 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 3.0 °3.0 ° min to max 3.0 °Target 3.0 ° 3.0 3.0 °
100 % Average speed 96 kn95 kn min to max 98 kn 98 95 kn
100 % Heading variation -0.2 °-0.3 ° min to max -0.2 ° -0.2 -0.3 °
100 % Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.1 0.7 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.02 g 1.00 1.02 g
Info Average VSI -476 ft/m-494 ft/m min to max -448 ft/m -485 -448 ft/m
Info Average altitude 471 ft agl320 ft agl min to max 629 ft agl 629 320 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -1.9 °-2.4 ° min to max -1.4 ° -2.4 -1.4 °

Events

Info Autopilot Master Switched Off 364 ft agl · 94 kt
11.251.51.752250300350400450500550600650700750Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft11.251.51.752-200-150-100-50050100150200Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment ft
Arrival Final 1 93.83Approaching runway 12 at CYAM Sault Ste Marie from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 308 ft agl to 38 ft agl. A decrease of 270 ft in 34 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
92 % Approach angle 2.7 °2.4 ° min to max 3.1 °Target 3.0 ° 3.0 2.4 °
100 % Average speed 88 kn85 kn min to max 95 kn 95 85 kn
98 % Heading variation -0.2 °-0.3 ° min to max -0.2 ° -0.2 -0.2 °
80 % Average bank angle 0.5 °0.0 ° min to max 1.8 ° 1.2 0.9 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.97 g min to max 1.03 g 1.01 1.02 g
Info Average VSI -474 ft/m-578 ft/m min to max -351 ft/m -372 -386 ft/m
Info Average altitude 92 ft agl38 ft agl min to max 308 ft agl 308 38 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -0.8 °-2.5 ° min to max 0.2 ° -1.1 0.2 °
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-140-105-70-3503570105140Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment ft
Arrival Landing 77.93Landing on runway 12 at CYAM Sault Ste Marie, runway length 6,011 ft. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was good at 85 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was good at 85 kn. Target 85 kn
85 % Landing and flare profile
95 % Heading variation -0.3 °-0.3 ° min to max -0.2 ° -0.2 -0.3 °
41 % Average bank angle 0.7 °0.0 ° min to max 2.2 ° 1.0 0.7 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.94 g min to max 1.07 g 1.02 0.99 g
Info Average speed 77 kn66 kn min to max 85 kn 85 66 kn
Info Average VSI -166 ft/m-383 ft/m min to max -41 ft/m -383 -172 ft/m
Info Average altitude 14 ft agl-1 ft agl min to max 35 ft agl 35 -1 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 2.6 °0.2 ° min to max 4.6 ° 0.2 4.2 °
02505007501,0001,2501,5001,7502,00001122344556Runway Distance ftLanding Height ft02505007501,0001,2501,5001,7502,000-110-88-66-44-22022446688110Runway Distance ftRunway Width ft
Arrival Touchdown 89.88Touchdown point was 503 ft beyond the touchdown zone. Touchdown speed at 66 kn was good. Touchdown rate was good at -174 ft/m. Runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 25 ft from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 23 °F. Wind 6 kn at 100 °. Crosswind: 1 kn Headwind: 6 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
93 % Touchdown VSI was -174 ft/m.
93 % Touchdown distance was 1,707 ftTarget 1,500 ft
100 % Speed at touchdown 66 knTarget 72 kn
52 % Runway alignment max 24.9 ft24.5 ft right -23.9 -24.1 ft
100 % Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.6 0.0 °
99 % Average g force 1.05 g0.94 g min to max 1.27 g 1.04 1.03 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 62 kn56 kn min to max 66 kn 66 56 kn
Info Average pitch angle 4.7 °3.0 ° min to max 6.5 ° 4.3 4.2 °
Arrival Rollout 79.37Total landing distance 2,274 ft, 38 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was very good.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 2,274 ft38 % of runway.
54 % Runway alignment max 24.0 ft0.0 ft left to 24.0 ft right -24.0 -13.2 ft
100 % Average g force 1.01 g1.00 g min to max 1.02 g 1.02 1.00 g
Info Average speed 49 kn32 kn min to max 55 kn 55 32 kn
Info Average pitch angle 3.8 °-1.3 ° min to max 5.1 ° 4.3 -1.3 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.0 0.1 °

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Lifted off at 87 kt with 3.8° of pitch.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.

150 kt10050020°10°0°LIFTOFF3.8° off7° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH02040 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchClimb 3

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 ft 23 kt -0.5° 0 s
Liftoff1,243 ft 87 kt 3.8° 12.5 s
35 ft2,000 ft · 4.7 s after liftoff 104 kt 6.7° 17.2 s
End of Climb 36,677 ft · 724 ft 133 kt 14.7° 40.6 s

Takeoff from KMCD 08

Takeoff roll100.00
1,639ft47 %
Liftoff speed100.00
87kt
Runway alignment95.73
4.0ft R
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Rate of climb99.28
492fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 724 ft. The distance scale changes past the runway end.

Reached 35 ft with 1,093 ft of runway left; then climbing at 1,550 fpm on average to 724 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.

750 ft375 ft0CLIMB 3THRESHOLDRUNWAY END304050607080KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLLiftoff 87 ktSCALE CHANGES0.6 nm past the runway
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runwayClimb 3

Plan view the roll down the 3,498 ft runway.

Rolled from 405 ft in, never more than 4 ft off the centreline, in 6 kn of crosswind from the right. Airborne 47 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

1,0002,0003,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓CROSS6 kn75 %widest 4.2 ft RROLL 405 FT INAirborne 1,648 ft from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 1,648 ft of 3,498 ft · 47 %
Behind the start of the roll, 405 ftTakeoff roll, 1,243 ft Left ahead, 1,850 ft

The approach to CYAM 12

The final from 4 nm.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.

Inside the glideslope band from 4 nm to the threshold, never more than 20 ft below the slope.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 1,000 ft past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.

5001,0001,5002,0002,500 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 2° BAND1,3151,003684522365210
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height there

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 21× larger than distances along the final.

Inside the 1° band from 4 nm to 0.3 nm, then 40 ft right of it from 0.3 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR150 ft L0150 ft RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND57 ft R51 ft R45 ft R34 ft R34 ft R27 ft R
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the band

Landing and touchdown on CYAM 12

Over the threshold

Threshold height52.25
35ft
Threshold speed100.00
85kt
Centreline offset95.36
0.3ft R

Touchdown

Past threshold91.95
1,742ft
Centreline52.31
24.9ft R
Speed100.00
66kt
Touchdown rate93.20
-174fpm
Impact98.86
1.27G
BouncesOk
None
The crosswind

No wind recorded: nothing to correct for. Touched down straight, wings level.

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

Side view — the last 5,000 ft of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 35 ft, 15 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 1,742 ft in, 742 ft past the ideal 1,000 ft.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 5,000 ft across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 1,000 ft in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

35 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 −173 fpm · 4.2° nose up · 66 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 1,000 ft This flight — 35 ft, down at 1,742 ft

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 390 fpm at 36 ft to 170 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 4.0° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,0000°5°10°touchdown−173 fpm at touchdown4.2° at touchdown
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the first 5,000 ft of the 6,011 ft runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down 24 ft right of the centreline, and stayed about there down the rollout, 25 ft right at the widest.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended.

1,0002,0003,0004,0005,000 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ FULL SCORE TO 1,650 FT 1,742 ft past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

Touched down 1,742 ft past the threshold — beyond the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 2,013 ft of 6,011 ft · 33 %
In the air over the runway, 1,742 ftRollout, 271 ft Left over, 3,998 ft
Rollout distance100.00
271ft33 % used
Rollout alignment54.15
24.0ft R

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