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EDLN
Monchengladbach, Germany
Runway 13
Elevation0 ft asl
Fuel104 kg

Flight Score

93.18 %
EDLN
Monchengladbach, Germany
Runway 31
Elevation121 ft asl
Weight994 kg
Fuel99 kg
4 Jul 2023 0:11 10 nm PA28 Arrow III 5 kg
Departure Score
90.45 %
Enroute Score
97.49 %
Arrival Score
91.04 %

What went well

Touched down at -119 ft/m — a soft arrival
Touchdown 286 m in — inside the full-score zone
Straight touchdown — 2.15 m off the centreline, no bounce

What held you back

Departure Climb 3 — gear not retracted; Landing gear up at 0 %, Heading variation 4.9 ° at 45 %, −2.74 points
Arrival Landing — Landing and flare profile at 37 %, Threshold speed was slightly above target at 78 kn. at 90 %, −1.69 points
Enroute Level — g force 0.50 to 1.78 g at 70 %, −0.50 points

Top opportunity

Avoid steep turns at low altitude

Departure Climb 3

Below a thousand feet the aeroplane is slow, heavy and close to the ground. A steep turn loses lift, raises the stall speed and flattens the climb just when the gradient matters most. A normal turn on course is a rate one — fifteen degrees or so, twenty-five at the outside, this penalty is to acknowledge when a turn has stopped being a turn and become a manoeuvre.

Read more in Improve Your Take-Offs

Start to finish · 12 stages, 12 scored

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Climb 1 100.00Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 13 EDLN Monchengladbach.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.4 °-0.6 ° min to max -0.0 ° -0.6 -0.0 °
100 % Average speed 74 kn61 kn min to max 79 kn 61 79 kn
100 % Average bank angle 0.5 °0.0 ° min to max 1.5 ° 0.2 0.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.04 g0.97 g min to max 1.20 g 1.00 1.02 g
Info Average VSI 624 ft/m393 ft/m min to max 754 ft/m 393 754 ft/m
Info Average altitude 11 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 45 ft agl 1 45 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 4.8 °0.9 ° min to max 9.1 ° 1.1 9.1 °

Events

Info Battery Master On 2 ft agl · 65 kt
Info Engine 1 Started 2 ft agl · 65 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 2 ft agl · 65 kt
Departure Climb 2 96.00Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 13 EDLN Monchengladbach.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.3 °-0.0 ° min to max 1.5 ° -0.0 1.5 °
100 % Average speed 81 kn76 kn min to max 94 kn 79 88 kn
84 % Average bank angle 2.0 °0.0 ° min to max 8.1 ° 0.2 6.7 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g0.83 g min to max 1.25 g 1.03 0.97 g
Info Average VSI 892 ft/m-395 ft/m min to max 1,450 ft/m 759 1,428 ft/m
Info Average altitude 127 ft agl52 ft agl min to max 385 ft agl 52 385 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 9.2 °-2.4 ° min to max 12.3 ° 9.2 9.2 °
Departure Climb 3 75.34Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 13 EDLN Monchengladbach.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
45 % Heading variation 4.9 °2.4 ° min to max 7.3 ° 2.4 7.3 °
100 % Average speed 91 kn86 kn min to max 95 kn 87 92 kn
82 % Average bank angle 4.4 °0.8 ° min to max 9.0 ° 6.3 3.7 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.93 g min to max 1.07 g 0.95 1.00 g
0 % Landing gear up
Info Average VSI 838 ft/m437 ft/m min to max 1,313 ft/m 1,313 1,212 ft/m
Info Average altitude 548 ft agl423 ft agl min to max 680 ft agl 423 680 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 5.4 °2.8 ° min to max 8.3 ° 8.3 8.0 °

Events

Fail Gear Not Retracted
Enroute Climb 98.02Enroute climb started 1 mile north of Korschenbroich (Duesseldorf District, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany). Climbing from 827 ft asl to 1,978 ft asl, an increase of 1,150 ft in 2 minutes and covering 3 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
95 % Climb speed 91 kn86 kn min to max 99 knTarget 98 kn 91 97 kn
100 % Average bank angle 2.7 °0.0 ° min to max 7.8 ° 1.0 0.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.90 g min to max 1.11 g 0.97 1.04 g
Info Average VSI 678 ft/m51 ft/m min to max 1,232 ft/m 1,232 944 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,450 ft asl827 ft asl min to max 1,978 ft asl 827 1,978 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 4.8 °0.7 ° min to max 7.9 ° 7.9 6.3 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Landing Lights Switched Off 1,548 ft agl · 93 kt
Enroute Level 96.97Enroute level cruise started 2 miles south east of Korschenbroich (Duesseldorf District, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany) and lasted 5 minutes, covering 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 1,946 ft asl1,806 ft asl min to max 2,046 ft asl 1,996 1,856 ft asl
100 % Average speed 105 kn86 kn min to max 116 kn 98 96 kn
100 % Average bank angle 7.7 °0.0 ° min to max 28.9 ° 0.4 5.4 °
70 % Average g force 1.02 g0.50 g min to max 1.78 g 0.85 0.93 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle -0.3 °-11.3 ° min to max 12.7 ° 3.7 -4.6 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 1,751 ft agl · 106 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 1,731 ft agl · 96 kt
Arrival 94.86Arrival started 2 miles south east of Korschenbroich (Duesseldorf District, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany).
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 99 kn91 kn min to max 106 kn 94 95 kn
100 % Average bank angle 9.7 °0.3 ° min to max 21.4 ° 12.2 7.0 °
74 % Average g force 1.00 g0.30 g min to max 1.35 g 0.92 0.44 g
Info Average VSI -423 ft/m-1,864 ft/m min to max 877 ft/m -817 -1,864 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,683 ft asl1,506 ft asl min to max 1,842 ft asl 1,842 1,506 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -3.1 °-19.7 ° min to max 6.1 ° -5.8 -19.7 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Flaps Position 2 1,419 ft agl · 106 kt
Info Flaps Position 3 1,413 ft agl · 104 kt
Arrival Final 4 93.13Approaching runway 31 at EDLN Monchengladbach from 4 nm to 3 nm. Descent from 1,338 ft agl to 1,010 ft agl. A decrease of 328 ft in 39 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 3.1 °3.0 ° min to max 3.2 °Target 3.0 ° 3.2 3.2 °
100 % Average speed 88 kn79 kn min to max 101 kn 98 82 kn
100 % Heading variation 0.8 °0.6 ° min to max 1.1 ° 0.6 0.9 °
74 % Average bank angle 4.2 °0.2 ° min to max 11.8 ° 5.9 3.9 °
83 % Average g force 1.03 g0.65 g min to max 1.55 g 1.22 0.99 g
Info Average VSI -568 ft/m-2,469 ft/m min to max 726 ft/m -2,469 -621 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,140 ft agl1,010 ft agl min to max 1,338 ft agl 1,338 1,010 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -4.0 °-15.3 ° min to max 5.0 ° -15.3 -4.3 °
33.253.53.7549501,0001,0501,1001,1501,2001,2501,3001,3501,4001,4501,500Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft33.253.53.754-150-113-75-3803875113150Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Final 3 97.78Approaching runway 31 at EDLN Monchengladbach from 3 nm to 2 nm. Descent from 1,001 ft agl to 647 ft agl. A decrease of 354 ft in 41 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 3.1 °3.0 ° min to max 3.2 °Target 3.0 ° 3.2 3.0 °
100 % Average speed 84 kn81 kn min to max 87 kn 82 82 kn
100 % Heading variation 0.8 °0.7 ° min to max 0.9 ° 0.8 0.8 °
89 % Average bank angle 2.3 °0.0 ° min to max 6.2 ° 5.0 4.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.76 g min to max 1.23 g 1.23 0.97 g
Info Average VSI -508 ft/m-1,272 ft/m min to max -137 ft/m -534 -461 ft/m
Info Average altitude 812 ft agl647 ft agl min to max 1,001 ft agl 1,001 647 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -3.9 °-10.6 ° min to max -1.0 ° -1.2 -3.6 °
22.252.52.7535506006507007508008509009501,0001,0501,100Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft22.252.52.753-120-90-60-300306090120Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Final 2 96.72Approaching runway 31 at EDLN Monchengladbach from 2 nm to 1 nm. Descent from 638 ft agl to 327 ft agl. A decrease of 311 ft in 42 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 3.0 °2.8 ° min to max 3.1 °Target 3.0 ° 3.0 3.0 °
100 % Average speed 83 kn81 kn min to max 85 kn 83 82 kn
100 % Heading variation 0.7 °0.4 ° min to max 1.1 ° 0.8 0.7 °
84 % Average bank angle 2.7 °0.0 ° min to max 8.2 ° 3.6 0.5 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.92 g min to max 1.21 g 0.99 0.99 g
Info Average VSI -440 ft/m-659 ft/m min to max 45 ft/m -501 -581 ft/m
Info Average altitude 470 ft agl327 ft agl min to max 638 ft agl 638 327 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -3.2 °-5.0 ° min to max 1.0 ° -3.8 -4.0 °
11.251.51.752250300350400450500550600650700750Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft11.251.51.752-70-53-35-18018355370Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Final 1 91.43Approaching runway 31 at EDLN Monchengladbach from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 317 ft agl to 28 ft agl. A decrease of 289 ft in 34 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
88 % Approach angle 2.5 °1.6 ° min to max 3.2 °Target 3.0 ° 3.0 1.6 °
100 % Average speed 81 kn78 kn min to max 86 kn 82 78 kn
83 % Heading variation 0.2 °0.1 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.5 0.1 °
91 % Average bank angle 2.0 °0.0 ° min to max 5.5 ° 2.9 2.8 °
89 % Average g force 0.99 g0.56 g min to max 1.36 g 1.03 1.06 g
Info Average VSI -546 ft/m-907 ft/m min to max 25 ft/m -588 -611 ft/m
Info Average altitude 94 ft agl28 ft agl min to max 317 ft agl 317 28 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -3.6 °-9.8 ° min to max 0.8 ° -3.5 -2.4 °
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-40-30-20-10010203040Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Landing 69.50Landing on runway 31 at EDLN Monchengladbach, runway length 1,196 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was slightly above target at 78 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
90 % Threshold speed was slightly above target at 78 kn. Target 71 kn
53 % Target 50 ft agl
37 % Landing and flare profile
100 % Heading variation 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.1 0.2 °
96 % Average bank angle 1.2 °0.0 ° min to max 3.6 ° 2.8 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g0.96 g min to max 1.16 g 1.07 0.98 g
Info Average speed 71 kn63 kn min to max 78 kn 78 63 kn
Info Average VSI -249 ft/m-607 ft/m min to max -98 ft/m -607 -119 ft/m
Info Average altitude 9 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 24 ft agl 24 0 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 0.4 °-2.2 ° min to max 1.6 ° -2.2 1.4 °
07515022530001223354658Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150225300-18-15-12-9-6-30369121518Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 97.69Touchdown distance was good at 285 m. Touchdown speed at 63 kn was a little fast. Touchdown rate was smooth at -119 ft/m. Runway touchdown alignment was very good. Local weather - Temperature 15 °C. Wind 3 kn at 40 °. Crosswind: 3 kn Headwind: 0 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
93 % Touchdown VSI was -119 ft/m.
100 % Touchdown distance was 285 mTarget 457 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 63 knTarget 61 kn
97 % Runway alignment max 2.47 m2.37 m left 2.46 2.15 m
100 % Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.1 0.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.09 g0.98 g min to max 1.16 g 0.98 1.06 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 63 kn62 kn min to max 63 kn 63 62 kn
Info Average pitch angle 1.4 °1.2 ° min to max 1.7 ° 1.4 1.7 °

Takeoff

100.00Rate of climb623 ft/m

Approach

Not assessed1,000 ft gateNot recorded
Not assessed500 ft gateNot recorded
53.27Threshold height23 ft
89.51Threshold speed77 kt
100.00Centreline offset0.05 m L

Touchdown

100.00Touchdown point286 m
96.74Centreline at touchdown2.15 m L
100.00Touchdown speed63 kt
92.72Sink rate-119 ft/m
100.00Touchdown force1.16 G
OkBouncesNone

The stabilisation gates

One stabilised approach gate: five checks where the approach path is 500 ft above the runway. The 1,000 ft gate was not assessed, because the approach did not join final that far out.

Five checks, one gate500 ft
Gear down
Sink rate
On glideslope
On centreline
On speed

Touchdown on EDLN 31

Past threshold
286 m
Off centreline
2.15 mL
Sink rate
-119 ft/m
Impact
1.16G

Side view — the last 1,196 m of the approach.

23 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft 80 ft400 Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 23 ft, down at 286 m

Plan view — the full 1,196 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

5001,000 THRESHOLD FULL SCORE TO 503 M 286 m past threshold CLEARED

The 286 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 286 m of 1,196 m · 24 %

The rest of the report

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Flight map
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Takeoff report
Takeoff on runway 13 at EDLN Monchengladbach in the PA28 Arrow III
90.45 %
100 %
Climb 1
Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 13 EDLN Monchengladbach.
Alignment
100 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
80 70 60
Bank °
100 %
2 1 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
10 5 0
Climb Rate fpm
Info
800 350 -100
96 %
Climb 2
Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 13 EDLN Monchengladbach.
Alignment
100 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
100 85 70
Bank °
84 %
9 4.5 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
13 5.5 -2
Climb Rate fpm
Info
1,500 550 -400
75.34 %
Climb 3
Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 13 EDLN Monchengladbach.
Alignment
45 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
100 90 80
Bank °
81.68 %
9 4.5 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
9 5.5 2
Climb Rate fpm
Info
1,400 850 300
02505007501,00004182123164205 Runway Distance m Height at End of Runway ft
00.250100200300400500600 Climb Distance NM Climb Profile to 1,000 ft
00.25-60-48-36-24-1201224364860 Climb Distance NM Runway Alignment (in m) to 1,000 ft
Landing report
Landing on runway 31 at EDLN Monchengladbach in the PA28 Arrow III
Landing Score 86.21 %
93.13 %
Final 4
Approaching runway 31 at EDLN Monchengladbach from 4 nm to 3 nm. Descent from 1,338 ft agl to 1,010 ft agl. A decrease of 328 ft in 39 seconds.
Glideslope
100 %
Excellent glideslope alignment
Heading
100 %
Excellent heading alignment
Glideslope °
100 %
4 3 2
IAS kt
100 %
101 85 70
Alignment
100 %
0.5 0 -0.5
Bank °
74.21 %
12 6 0
G
82.86 %
1.5 1 0.5
Descent Rate fpm
Info
726 -887 -2,500
33.253.53.7549501,0001,0501,1001,1501,2001,2501,3001,3501,4001,4501,500 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Height ft
33.253.53.754-150-113-75-3803875113150 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Runway Alignment m
97.78 %
Final 3
Approaching runway 31 at EDLN Monchengladbach from 3 nm to 2 nm. Descent from 1,001 ft agl to 647 ft agl. A decrease of 354 ft in 41 seconds.
Glideslope
100 %
Excellent glideslope alignment
Heading
100 %
Excellent heading alignment
Glideslope °
100 %
4 3 2
IAS kt
100 %
87 84 80
Alignment
100 %
0.5 0 -0.5
Bank °
88.89 %
7 3.5 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Descent Rate fpm
Info
-137 -718 -1,300
22.252.52.7535506006507007508008509009501,0001,0501,100 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Height ft
22.252.52.753-120-90-60-300306090120 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Runway Alignment m
96.72 %
Final 2
Approaching runway 31 at EDLN Monchengladbach from 2 nm to 1 nm. Descent from 638 ft agl to 327 ft agl. A decrease of 311 ft in 42 seconds.
Glideslope
100 %
Excellent glideslope alignment
Heading
100 %
Excellent heading alignment
Glideslope °
100 %
4 3 2
IAS kt
100 %
85 82 80
Alignment
100 %
0.5 0 -0.5
Bank °
83.58 %
9 4.5 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Descent Rate fpm
Info
45 -328 -700
11.251.51.752250300350400450500550600650700750 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Height ft
11.251.51.752-70-53-35-18018355370 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Runway Alignment m
91.43 %
Final 1
Approaching runway 31 at EDLN Monchengladbach from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 317 ft agl to 28 ft agl. A decrease of 289 ft in 34 seconds.
Glideslope
88.49 %
Excellent glideslope alignment
Heading
83.21 %
Good heading alignment
Glideslope °
88.49 %
4 3 2
IAS kt
100 %
87 78 70
Alignment
83.21 %
0.5 0 -0.5
Bank °
90.87 %
6 3 0
G
89.14 %
1.5 1 0.5
Descent Rate fpm
Info
25 -488 -1,000
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Height ft
00.250.50.751-40-30-20-10010203040 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Runway Alignment m
69.5 %
Landing
Landing on runway 31 at EDLN Monchengladbach, runway length 1,196 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was slightly above target at 78 kn.
Height
53.27 %
Good threshold height. Target 50 ft agl
Speed
89.51 %
Threshold speed was slightly above target at 78 kt. Target 71 kt
Flare
36.92 %
Very poor landing flare
Centreline ft
100 %
100 0 -100
Bank °
95.76 %
4 2 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
78 69 60
Pitch °
Info
2 0 -2
Descent Rate fpm
Info
-98 -399 -700
07515022530001223354658 Runway Distance m Landing Height ft
075150225300-18-15-12-9-6-30369121518 Runway Distance m Runway Width m
97.69 %
Touchdown
Touchdown distance was good at 285 m. Touchdown speed at 63 kn was a little fast. Touchdown rate was smooth at -119 ft/m. Runway touchdown alignment was very good. Local weather - Temperature 15 °C. Wind 3 kn at 40 °. Crosswind: 3 kn Headwind: 0 kn.
Touchdown
92.72 %
Touchdown rate was smooth at -119 ft/m.
Speed
100 %
Touchdown speed at 63 kt was a little fast. Target below 61 kn
Distance
100 %
Touchdown distance was good at 285 m.
Alignment
96.74 %
Runway touchdown alignment was very good.
Bank
100 %
Bank angle 0.2 °
G
100 %
G 1.09 g
Bounce
100 %
No Bounce Detected
Metrics
Metrics

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