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CZBA
Burlington, Canada
Runway 32

Flight Score

89.40 %
CYTZ
Toronto, Canada
Runway 26
25 Aug 2024 0:14 28 nm Van's RV-14 12 lbs
Departure Score
95.42 %
Enroute Score
100.00 %
Arrival Score
75.40 %

What went well

Touched down at -135 ft/m — a soft arrival
1.12 G at touchdown — inside band
Rollout held the centreline — 3.2 ft off at taxi speed

What held you back

Arrival Landing — Threshold speed was excessively high at 115 kn. at 0 %, Landing and flare profile at 0 %, −3.39 points
Arrival Rollout — bounce at touchdown; Landing distance 3,703 ft at 29 %, −2.16 points
Arrival Touchdown — Touchdown distance was 3,060 ft at 0 %, Speed at touchdown 66 kn at 53 %, −1.64 points

Top opportunity

Shorten the long landing

Arrival Touchdown

Every knot above Vref is stored kinetic energy, and energy stored at the threshold must be dissipated in ground effect before the aeroplane will stop flying. Because kinetic energy scales with the square of speed, the excess you must dissipate grows fast. At a 45-knot approach, five knots hot is over a tenth more speed and roughly a quarter more energy to get rid of in ground effect. This is why the fix is never in the flare. It was decided three miles earlier, on final, at the airspeed indicator.

Read more in Bush Flying 101

Start to finish · 16 stages, 14 scored

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 32 at CZBA Burlington Airpark, Average speed was 0 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 0 kn0 kn min to max 0 kn 0 0 kn
Info Average pitch angle 0.0 °0.0 ° min to max 0.0 ° 0.0 0.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.0 °0.0 ° min to max 0.0 ° 0.0 0.0 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g
Departure Roll 97.11Departure roll runway 32 at CZBA Burlington Airpark. Takeoff distance 923 ft 28 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 70 kn. Local weather - Temperature 71 °F. Wind 3 kn at 211 °. Crosswind: 3 kn Headwind: 0 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 923 ft28 % of runway
100 % Liftoff speed was 70 knTarget 64 kn
86 % Runway alignment max 23.0 ft23.0 ft left to 0.0 ft left 2.9 20.6 ft
100 % Average g force 0.95 g0.91 g min to max 0.99 g 0.98 0.95 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 8.5 °5.3 ° min to max 12.1 ° 12.1 5.6 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.1 0.1 °

Events

Info Taxi Lights Switched On 3 ft agl
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 3 ft agl
Info Landing Lights Switched On 3 ft agl
Departure Climb 1 98.68Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 32 CZBA Burlington Airpark.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.7 °-0.9 ° min to max -0.4 ° -0.9 -0.4 °
100 % Average speed 83 kn70 kn min to max 93 kn 70 93 kn
95 % Average bank angle 1.8 °0.0 ° min to max 4.0 ° 0.0 4.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.92 g min to max 1.20 g 0.94 1.02 g
Info Average VSI 605 ft/m426 ft/m min to max 759 ft/m 426 759 ft/m
Info Average altitude 17 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 50 ft agl 0 50 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 8.7 °5.0 ° min to max 10.8 ° 5.7 9.3 °
Departure Climb 2 98.53Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 32 CZBA Burlington Airpark.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.0 °-0.4 ° min to max 1.3 ° -0.4 1.3 °
100 % Average speed 100 kn94 kn min to max 113 kn 94 113 kn
94 % Average bank angle 2.3 °0.4 ° min to max 4.2 ° 4.0 0.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.86 g min to max 1.10 g 1.01 0.86 g
Info Average VSI 991 ft/m764 ft/m min to max 2,012 ft/m 764 2,012 ft/m
Info Average altitude 102 ft agl51 ft agl min to max 385 ft agl 51 385 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 9.5 °8.4 ° min to max 12.7 ° 9.2 11.0 °

Events

Info Bounce during liftoff 251 ft agl · 113 kt
Departure Climb 3 87.35Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 32 CZBA Burlington Airpark.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 1.4 °0.5 ° min to max 1.7 ° 1.5 0.5 °
100 % Average speed 115 kn114 kn min to max 116 kn 114 116 kn
37 % Average bank angle 14.4 °0.2 ° min to max 26.0 ° 0.2 26.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.04 g0.95 g min to max 1.10 g 1.03 1.09 g
100 % Landing gear up
Info Average VSI 2,147 ft/m1,947 ft/m min to max 2,276 ft/m 1,947 2,276 ft/m
Info Average altitude 588 ft agl416 ft agl min to max 744 ft agl 416 744 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 12.7 °12.1 ° min to max 13.3 ° 12.1 13.3 °
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started overhead CZBA Burlington Airpark Burlington (Ontario, Canada). Climbing from 1,376 ft asl to 1,921 ft asl, an increase of 545 ft in less than 1 minute. and covering less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 113 kn109 kn min to max 116 kn 116 109 kn
100 % Average bank angle 28.1 °26.8 ° min to max 30.0 ° 26.8 28.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.04 g0.80 g min to max 1.11 g 1.10 0.86 g
Info Average VSI 1,886 ft/m690 ft/m min to max 2,339 ft/m 2,303 690 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,680 ft asl1,376 ft asl min to max 1,921 ft asl 1,376 1,921 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 11.1 °4.0 ° min to max 13.6 ° 13.4 4.0 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started 1 mile west of CZBA Burlington Airpark Burlington (Ontario, Canada) and lasted 8 minutes, covering 19 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 1,846 ft asl1,618 ft asl min to max 1,992 ft asl 1,922 1,618 ft asl
100 % Average speed 144 kn110 kn min to max 150 kn 110 146 kn
100 % Average bank angle 4.3 °0.0 ° min to max 26.7 ° 26.7 8.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.74 g min to max 1.36 g 0.92 1.01 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 0.6 °-2.4 ° min to max 4.3 ° 2.1 0.3 °
Enroute Climb 2 100.00Enroute climb started overhead New Toronto (Ontario, Canada). Climbing from 1,617 ft asl to 1,833 ft asl, an increase of 216 ft in less than 1 minute. and covering 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 139 kn132 kn min to max 146 kn 146 132 kn
100 % Average bank angle 4.4 °0.0 ° min to max 8.4 ° 4.5 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.88 g min to max 1.09 g 1.02 0.89 g
Info Average VSI 384 ft/m-51 ft/m min to max 727 ft/m -51 569 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,702 ft asl1,616 ft asl min to max 1,833 ft asl 1,617 1,833 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 2.5 °0.4 ° min to max 4.4 ° 0.4 2.6 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 2 100.00Enroute level cruise started 1 mile east of Mimico (Ontario, Canada) and lasted 2 minutes, covering 5 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 1,952 ft asl1,839 ft asl min to max 2,073 ft asl 1,839 2,073 ft asl
100 % Average speed 137 kn131 kn min to max 145 kn 132 136 kn
100 % Average bank angle 9.0 °0.0 ° min to max 26.5 ° 0.1 0.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.77 g min to max 1.32 g 0.97 1.07 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 1.5 °-2.2 ° min to max 4.7 ° 2.6 2.9 °
Arrival 59.71Arrival started 1 mile east of Mimico (Ontario, Canada).
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 132 kn107 kn min to max 148 kn 135 122 kn
0 % Average bank angle 21.4 °0.1 ° min to max 51.2 ° 0.3 0.1 °
99 % Average g force 1.12 g0.45 g min to max 1.39 g 1.02 1.39 g
Info Average VSI -1,704 ft/m-3,987 ft/m min to max 451 ft/m 433 -1,375 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,242 ft asl339 ft asl min to max 2,119 ft asl 2,081 339 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -5.4 °-15.8 ° min to max 3.2 ° 3.1 0.6 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Arrival Final 1 94.85Approaching runway 26 at CYTZ Toronto\/City Centre from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 87 ft agl to 48 ft agl. A decrease of 39 ft in 4 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 3.0 °2.7 ° min to max 3.2 °Target 3.0 ° 2.7 2.9 °
100 % Average speed 118 kn115 kn min to max 121 kn 121 115 kn
100 % Heading variation 0.0 °-0.1 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.2 -0.1 °
75 % Average bank angle 6.6 °0.4 ° min to max 12.4 ° 1.8 3.1 °
99 % Average g force 1.02 g0.77 g min to max 1.53 g 1.50 1.12 g
Info Average VSI -617 ft/m-1,243 ft/m min to max -312 ft/m -1,243 -854 ft/m
Info Average altitude 73 ft agl48 ft agl min to max 87 ft agl 87 48 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -0.2 °-2.6 ° min to max 2.1 ° 1.8 -0.1 °
00.250.50.751050100Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-70-53-35-18018355370Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment ft
Arrival Landing 49.11Landing on runway 26 at CYTZ Toronto\/City Centre, runway length 3,989 ft. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was excessively high at 115 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Threshold speed was excessively high at 115 kn. Target 60 kn
100 % Target 50 ft agl
0 % Landing and flare profile
100 % Heading variation -0.0 °-0.1 ° min to max 0.0 ° -0.1 0.0 °
91 % Average bank angle 1.3 °0.0 ° min to max 5.4 ° 2.6 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g0.79 g min to max 1.41 g 1.15 1.04 g
Info Average speed 95 kn66 kn min to max 115 kn 115 66 kn
Info Average VSI -174 ft/m-855 ft/m min to max 62 ft/m -855 -136 ft/m
Info Average altitude 20 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 42 ft agl 42 0 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 2.7 °0.3 ° min to max 5.6 ° 0.3 5.6 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 2 24 ft agl · 106 kt
Info Flaps Position 3 20 ft agl · 105 kt
02505007501,0001,2501,5001,7502,0002,2502,5002,7503,0003,2503,50001223354658Runway Distance ftLanding Height ft02505007501,0001,2501,5001,7502,0002,2502,5002,7503,0003,2503,500-90-72-54-36-1801836547290Runway Distance ftRunway Width ft
Arrival Touchdown 75.39Touchdown point was excessively long using more than 75% of available runway. Touchdown speed at 66 kn was too fast. Touchdown rate was smooth at -136 ft/m. Runway touchdown alignment was perfect. Local weather - Temperature 74 °F. Wind 0 kn at 267 °. Crosswind: 0 kn Headwind: 0 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
99 % Touchdown VSI was -136 ft/m.
0 % Touchdown distance was 3,060 ftTarget 1,500 ft
53 % Speed at touchdown 66 knTarget 52 kn
100 % Runway alignment max 0.9 ft0.7 ft left 0.7 0.9 ft
100 % Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.2 0.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g0.92 g min to max 1.12 g 1.04 1.04 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 64 kn60 kn min to max 66 kn 66 60 kn
Info Average pitch angle 5.9 °5.1 ° min to max 6.9 ° 5.6 6.0 °
Arrival Rollout 67.62Total landing distance 3,703 ft, 93 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was perfect.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
29 % Landing distance 3,703 ft93 % of runway.
100 % Runway alignment max 3.2 ft3.2 ft left to 0.0 ft left 0.9 3.2 ft
100 % Average g force 1.03 g1.00 g min to max 1.05 g 1.04 1.03 g
Info Average speed 54 kn35 kn min to max 60 kn 60 35 kn
Info Average pitch angle 8.1 °6.1 ° min to max 11.8 ° 6.1 11.8 °
Info Average bank angle 0.4 °0.2 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.3 0.8 °

Events

Fail Bounce during touchdown 4 ft agl · 49 kt
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 12 kn
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 12 kn10 kn min to max 29 kn 29 12 kn
Info Average pitch angle 11.6 °11.4 ° min to max 11.8 ° 11.8 11.8 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.5 0.1 °
Info Average g force 0.99 g0.97 g min to max 1.06 g 1.05 0.98 g

Events

Info Flaps Fully Retracted 3 ft agl · 10 kt
Arrival Taxi 90.05Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 1 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 13 kn2 kn min to max 15 kn 12 2 kn
100 % Average speed turning corners 6 knmax 12 kn 0 2 kn
100 % Average g force 0.98 g0.97 g min to max 1.01 g 0.98 1.01 g
Info Average pitch angle 12.0 °11.6 ° min to max 12.3 ° 11.8 12.3 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.2 0.0 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights
Fail Taxi Lights

Takeoff

97.11 %
100.00Takeoff roll923 ft · 28 %
100.00Liftoff speed69 kt
85.57Runway alignment20.6 ft L
OkBounce on takeoffNone
98.68Rate of climb605 ft/m
Takeoff weight1,822 lbs
Airfield elevation591 ft asl
Wind212° · 3 kn · 3 kn cross

Approach

94.85 %
Not assessed1,000 ft gateNot recorded
Not assessed500 ft gateNot recorded
100.00Threshold height42 ft
0.00Threshold speed115 kt
100.00Centreline offset0.1 ft R

Touchdown

75.39 %
0.00Touchdown point3,061 ft
100.00Centreline at touchdown0.9 ft L
98.76Sink rate-135 ft/m
100.00Touchdown force1.12 G
FailBounces1
67.62Rollout distance432 ft · 88 % used
Landing weight1,810 lbs
Airfield elevation249 ft asl

The stabilisation gates

Two stabilised approach gates, each with six checks at 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway.

Six checks, two gates1,000 ft500 ft
Gear down
Landing flap
Sink rate
On glideslope
On centreline
On speed

Touchdown on CYTZ 26

Past threshold
3,061 ft
Off centreline
0.9 ftL
Sink rate
-135 ft/m
Impact
1.12G

Side view — the last 3,989 ft of the approach.

42 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft 80 ft400 Ideal — 50 ft, down at 1,000 ft This flight — 42 ft, down at 3,061 ft

Plan view — the full 3,989 ft runway, to the same scale as the side view.

1,0002,0003,000 THRESHOLD FULL SCORE TO 1,650 FT 3,061 ft past threshold CLEARED

Touched down 3,061 ft past the threshold — beyond the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 3,493 ft of 3,989 ft · 88 %

The rest of the report

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Flight map
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Takeoff report
Takeoff on runway 32 at CZBA Burlington Airpark in the Van's RV-14
95.42 %
97.11 %
Takeoff Roll
Departure roll runway 32 at CZBA Burlington Airpark. Takeoff distance 923 ft 28 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 70 kn. Local weather - Temperature 71 °F. Wind 3 kn at 211 °. Crosswind: 3 kn Headwind: 0 kn.
Takeoff Distance
100 %
Roll distance of 923 ft using 27.58 % of runway
Liftoff Speed
100 %
Liftoff speed was 70 kn - Target 64 kn
Alignment
85.57 %
23.0 ft left to 0.0 ft left
Bounce
100 %
No Bounce Detected
Strobe Lights
100 %
Switched On
Landing Lights
100 %
Switched On
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
70 35 0
Bank °
Info
1 0.5 0
Pitch °
Info
13 9 5
01,0002,0003,000-60-50-40-30-20-100102030405060 Runway Distance ft Runway Alignment to End of Runway ft
98.68 %
Climb 1
Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 32 CZBA Burlington Airpark.
Alignment
100 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
100 85 70
Bank °
94.74 %
5 2.5 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
11 8 5
Climb Rate fpm
Info
800 350 -100
98.53 %
Climb 2
Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 32 CZBA Burlington Airpark.
Alignment
100 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
120 105 90
Bank °
94.13 %
5 2.5 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
13 11 8
Climb Rate fpm
Info
2,100 1,350 600
87.35 %
Climb 3
Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 32 CZBA Burlington Airpark.
Alignment
100 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
120 115 110
Bank °
36.76 %
27 14 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
14 13 12
Climb Rate fpm
Info
2,300 2,050 1,800
01,0002,0003,00004488132176220 Runway Distance ft Height at End of Runway ft
00.250.50.750100200300400500600700 Climb Distance NM Climb Profile to 1,000 ft
00.250.50.75-200-160-120-80-4004080120160200 Climb Distance NM Runway Alignment in (ft) to 1,000 ft
Landing report
Landing on runway 26 at CYTZ Toronto\/City Centre in the Van's RV-14
Landing Score 71.74 %
94.85 %
Final 1
Approaching runway 26 at CYTZ Toronto\/City Centre from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 87 ft agl to 48 ft agl. A decrease of 39 ft in 4 seconds.
Glideslope
100 %
Excellent glideslope alignment
Heading
100 %
Excellent heading alignment
Glideslope °
100 %
4 3 2
IAS kt
100 %
121 116 110
Alignment
100 %
0.5 0 -0.5
Bank °
74.7 %
13 6.5 0
G
99.14 %
1.5 1 0.5
Descent Rate fpm
Info
-312 -806 -1,300
00.250.50.751050100 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Height ft
00.250.50.751-70-53-35-18018355370 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Runway Alignment ft
49.11 %
Landing
Landing on runway 26 at CYTZ Toronto\/City Centre, runway length 3,989 ft. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was excessively high at 115 kn.
Height
100 %
Good threshold height. Target 50 ft agl
Speed
0 %
Threshold speed was excessively high at 115 kt. Target 60 kt
Flare
0 %
Very poor landing flare
Centreline ft
100 %
100 0 -100
Bank °
91.05 %
6 3 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
115 88 60
Pitch °
Info
6 3 0
Descent Rate fpm
Info
62 -419 -900
02505007501,0001,2501,5001,7502,0002,2502,5002,7503,0003,2503,50001223354658 Runway Distance ft Landing Height ft
02505007501,0001,2501,5001,7502,0002,2502,5002,7503,0003,2503,500-90-72-54-36-1801836547290 Runway Distance ft Runway Width ft
75.39 %
Touchdown
Touchdown point was excessively long using more than 75% of available runway. Touchdown speed at 66 kn was too fast. Touchdown rate was smooth at -136 ft/m. Runway touchdown alignment was perfect. Local weather - Temperature 74 °F. Wind 0 kn at 267 °. Crosswind: 0 kn Headwind: 0 kn.
Touchdown
98.76 %
Touchdown rate was smooth at -136 ft/m.
Speed
53.48 %
Touchdown speed at 66 kt was too fast. Target below 52 kn
Distance
0 %
Touchdown point was excessively long using more than 75% of available runway.
Alignment
100 %
Runway touchdown alignment was perfect.
Bank
100 %
Bank angle 0.4 °
G
100 %
G 1.03 g
Bounce
100 %
No Bounce Detected
67.62 %
Rollout
Total landing distance 3,703 ft, 93 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was perfect.
Distance
28.68 %
Landing distance 3,703 ft using 92.83 % of runway
Alignment
100 %
Runway rollout alignment was perfect.
G
100 %
1.25 1 0.75
IAS kt
Info
60 45 30
Bank °
Info
1 0.5 0
Pitch °
Info
12 9 6
05001,0001,5002,0002,5003,0003,500 Runway Distance ft Runway Width ft
90.05 %
Taxi
Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 1 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
Landing Lights
1 %
Switched Off
Taxi Lights
0 %
Switched On
Ground Speed kt
100 %
30 15 0
Turn Speed
100 %
30 15 0
G
100 %
1.25 1 0.75
Bank °
Info
1 0.5 0
Pitch °
Info
13 12 11
Metrics
Metrics

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