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MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Departure
Hold the nose down a touch longer and let speed build to 70 kt before liftoff.
What happened: The aircraft lifted off at 46 kt, 24 kt below the 70 kt target.
Watch for: Airspeed indicator: 70 kt at liftoff
See Departure Roll
A typical trainer rotates in the mid-50s of knots - a 172 at around 55 KIAS, climbing out at a Vy in the low 70s, though check your own POH rather than memorising Cessna's numbers - and the transferable rule is that Vr sits just above the stall speed in takeoff configuration. Rotate early because "it felt ready" and the aircraft lifts off inside ground effect, where induced drag is reduced, then climbs out of it into more drag. On a marginal-performance day the result is an aircraft that lifts off and then refuses to climb, sagging back towards the runway.
Read more in Improve Your Take-OffsStart to finish · 11 stages, 9 in the score
Events
Events
Events
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Events
From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.
Lifted off at 45 kt with 6.4° of pitch.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.
The takeoff, point by point
Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 575 ft.
Reached 35 ft with 2,359 m of runway left; then climbing at 670 fpm on average to 575 ft.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.
Plan view the roll down the 2,737 m runway.
Rolled from 179 m in, drifted left of the centreline, 4 m at the widest, and lifted off 4.1 m left. Airborne 8 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length.
The final from 4 nm.
Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.
Inside the glideslope band from 0.7 nm, where the final began, to the threshold, never more than 160 ft above the slope.
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 4× larger than distances along the final.
Joined 28 m right of the centreline at 0.7 nm, then inside the band from 0.3 nm to the threshold.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 37 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 22 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.
Inside the speed band all the way, between −1 kt and +15 kt on the approach speed of 74 kt.
Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.
Over the threshold
Touchdown
Perfect landing flare
No crosswind: nothing to correct for. Touched down with the nose 1° right of the track, wings level.
Wind 270° at 1 kt · 1 kt tail · 0 kt across
The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.
From 58 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 12 s, an average deceleration of 0.14 g.
Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.
Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.
Crossed the threshold at 8 ft, 42 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 371 m in, 67 m past the ideal 305 m.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,524 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
The sink went from 140 fpm at 9 ft to 20 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 4.8° on the way down.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 2,737 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down 2.2 m left of the centreline, and stayed within 2.2 m of it down the rollout.
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended.
The 371 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.
The rest of the report
The flight began with a departure roll from runway 30 at Glasgow Prestwick Airport, where the aircraft, a Piper PA-24-250 Comanche, accelerated down the 248-meter section of the runway that made up 9% of its total length. The liftoff speed was achieved at 46 knots, marking the start of the aircraft's ascent into the sky.
As the aircraft climbed, it encountered local weather conditions of 15 degrees Celsius and a gentle wind of 1 knot from the northwest. The pilot navigated the aircraft to an enroute level cruise, which began overhead Monkton in South Ayrshire, Scotland. This brief cruise lasted for 2 minutes and covered a distance of 2 nautical miles.
After the cruise, the pilot initiated a final approach to runway 12 at Glasgow Prestwick Airport, coming in from the northwest at a heading of 121.0 degrees. The aircraft was at an altitude of 83 feet above ground level and was 0 nautical miles from the runway threshold.
The landing was executed smoothly, with the aircraft touching down on the runway at a speed of 49 knots. The touchdown distance was 370 meters, which was considered good, and the touchdown rate was perfect at -14 feet per minute. The runway touchdown alignment was also very good, indicating a precise and controlled landing.
Following the landing, the pilot brought the aircraft to a stop, using a total distance of 620 meters, which was 23% of the runway's length. The runway rollout alignment was perfect, demonstrating the pilot's skill and control during the landing phase.
In total, the flight covered a distance of 3 nautical miles and lasted 4 minutes, consuming 2 kilograms of fuel in the process. The flight was characterized by smooth and controlled operations, with the pilot making precise decisions to navigate the aircraft safely and efficiently through the local weather conditions.
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