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KBUF
Buffalo, United States
Runway 05
Elevation679 ft asl
Weight679 kg
Fuel35 kg
Wind20° · 13 kn · 5 kn cross

Flight Score

95.82 %
CYSN
St Catharines, Canada
Runway 24
Elevation315 ft asl
Weight674 kg
Fuel30 kg
Wind50° · 11 kn · 1 kn cross
27 May 2024 0:22 28 nm Cessna 152 5 kg
Departure Score
92.63 %
Enroute Score
99.30 %
Arrival Score
94.95 %

What went well

Touched down at -90 fpm — a soft arrival
Touchdown 333 m in — inside the full-score zone
Threshold crossed at 33 ft and 63 kt — both inside band

What held you back

Departure Climb 2 — bounce on liftoff; bank angle up to 24.3 ° at 41 %, −1.63 points
Arrival Final 1 — Approach angle 3.3 ° at 39 %, −0.81 points
Arrival Taxi — Landing Lights at 0 %, Taxi Lights at 0 %, −0.66 points
Departure Roll — Landing Lights at 0 %, −0.56 points

Top opportunity

Improve the takeoff

Departure Roll

The rudder input is a changing profile through the roll rather than one that is held. So the demand on your right foot starts large at power application, eases as speed builds and the rudder gains authority, then jumps again at rotation.

Read more in Improve Your Take-Offs

Start to finish · 15 stages, 13 scored

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 05 at KBUF Buffalo Niagara Intl, Average speed was 0 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 0 kn0 kn min to max 0 kn 0 0 kn
Info Average pitch angle 0.0 °0.0 ° min to max 0.0 ° 0.0 0.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.0 °0.0 ° min to max 0.0 ° 0.0 0.0 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g
Departure Roll 95.00Departure roll runway 05 at KBUF Buffalo Niagara Intl. Takeoff distance 0 m 0 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 60 kn. Local weather - Temperature 23 °C. Wind 13 kn at 19 °. Crosswind: 5 kn Headwind: 12 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 0 m0 % of runway
100 % Liftoff speed was 60 knTarget 56 kn
100 % Runway alignment max 3.98 m2.55 m left to 1.44 m right -1.44 1.91 m
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.97 g min to max 1.08 g 1.00 1.08 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 2.0 °1.4 ° min to max 6.3 ° 1.6 6.3 °
Info Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 1.1 ° 0.1 1.1 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights
Info Battery Master On 703 ft agl
Info Engine 1 Started 703 ft agl
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 703 ft agl
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 703 ft agl
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 703 ft agl
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 703 ft agl
Departure Climb 1 97.54Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 05 KBUF Buffalo Niagara Intl.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.4 °-0.3 ° min to max 1.0 ° -0.3 1.0 °
100 % Average speed 64 kn60 kn min to max 68 kn 60 68 kn
92 % Average bank angle 2.4 °0.0 ° min to max 5.0 ° 1.3 3.5 °
95 % Average g force 1.03 g0.81 g min to max 1.34 g 1.11 0.99 g
Info Average VSI 429 ft/m182 ft/m min to max 614 ft/m 497 524 ft/m
Info Average altitude 27 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 50 ft agl 0 50 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 7.5 °3.6 ° min to max 10.6 ° 6.9 7.5 °
Departure Climb 2 85.36Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 05 KBUF Buffalo Niagara Intl.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.9 °0.5 ° min to max 1.0 ° 1.0 0.6 °
100 % Average speed 72 kn68 kn min to max 80 kn 68 76 kn
41 % Average bank angle 3.2 °0.0 ° min to max 24.3 ° 3.5 24.3 °
100 % Average g force 0.98 g0.86 g min to max 1.10 g 0.96 1.05 g
Info Average VSI 621 ft/m384 ft/m min to max 1,073 ft/m 531 824 ft/m
Info Average altitude 104 ft agl51 ft agl min to max 367 ft agl 51 367 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 7.4 °4.4 ° min to max 9.4 ° 7.3 8.2 °

Events

Fail Bounce during liftoff 111 ft agl · 79 kt
Enroute Climb 98.69Enroute climb started overhead KBUF Buffalo Niagara Intl Buffalo (New York, United States). Climbing from 1,069 ft asl to 1,323 ft asl, an increase of 254 ft in 1 minutes and covering less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 82 kn76 kn min to max 89 kn 76 79 kn
100 % Average bank angle 7.6 °0.2 ° min to max 25.2 ° 25.2 3.3 °
87 % Average g force 1.01 g0.78 g min to max 1.48 g 0.95 0.98 g
Info Average VSI 372 ft/m-389 ft/m min to max 1,155 ft/m 712 153 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,175 ft asl1,069 ft asl min to max 1,323 ft asl 1,069 1,323 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 5.2 °0.7 ° min to max 11.6 ° 6.7 3.5 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 99.77Enroute level cruise started overhead Williamsville (New York, United States) and lasted 13 minutes, covering 20 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 1,294 ft asl1,095 ft asl min to max 1,508 ft asl 1,323 1,232 ft asl
100 % Average speed 91 kn80 kn min to max 110 kn 80 89 kn
100 % Average bank angle 3.9 °0.0 ° min to max 33.3 ° 2.4 0.2 °
98 % Average g force 1.01 g0.72 g min to max 1.29 g 0.77 0.81 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 1.3 °-5.7 ° min to max 4.6 ° 0.3 0.5 °

Events

Info Autopilot Master Switched On 737 ft agl · 90 kt
Info Autopilot Wing Leveler Activated 737 ft agl · 90 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Activated 737 ft agl · 90 kt
Info Autopilot Master Switched Off 757 ft agl · 90 kt
Info Autopilot Wing Leveler Deactivated 757 ft agl · 90 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Deactivated 757 ft agl · 90 kt
Enroute Descent 99.43Enroute descent started 2 miles east of Thorold (Ontario, Canada). Descent from 1,227 ft asl to 1,045 ft asl, a decrease of 182 ft in less than 1 minute. and covering less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 99 kn90 kn min to max 111 kn 90 95 kn
100 % Average bank angle 11.9 °0.1 ° min to max 32.6 ° 1.3 0.1 °
94 % Average g force 1.05 g0.65 g min to max 1.28 g 0.81 0.94 g
Info Average VSI -369 ft/m-1,798 ft/m min to max 403 ft/m -166 233 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,074 ft asl1,022 ft asl min to max 1,227 ft asl 1,227 1,045 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -0.1 °-9.0 ° min to max 4.8 ° -1.8 3.1 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 2 99.31Enroute level cruise started 2 miles east of Thorold (Ontario, Canada) and lasted 4 minutes, covering 5 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 1,045 ft asl982 ft asl min to max 1,123 ft asl 1,048 1,018 ft asl
100 % Average speed 90 kn78 kn min to max 97 kn 94 80 kn
100 % Average bank angle 2.9 °0.0 ° min to max 21.4 ° 1.6 10.5 °
93 % Average g force 1.00 g0.68 g min to max 1.37 g 0.95 1.03 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 0.1 °-4.0 ° min to max 3.1 ° 2.5 0.2 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 738 ft agl · 91 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 705 ft agl · 83 kt
Arrival 98.51Arrival started 2 miles east of Thorold (Ontario, Canada).
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 75 kn68 kn min to max 79 kn 79 69 kn
100 % Average bank angle 13.3 °0.2 ° min to max 25.6 ° 11.1 0.3 °
93 % Average g force 1.03 g0.62 g min to max 1.18 g 1.03 0.98 g
Info Average VSI -615 ft/m-968 ft/m min to max -151 ft/m -168 -779 ft/m
Info Average altitude 857 ft asl650 ft asl min to max 1,015 ft asl 1,015 650 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -3.3 °-6.9 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.4 -4.3 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Flaps Position 2 643 ft agl · 82 kt
Arrival Final 1 87.84Approaching runway 24 at CYSN St Catharines\/Niagara District from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 322 ft agl to 38 ft agl. A decrease of 284 ft in 21 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
39 % Approach angle 3.3 °2.3 ° min to max 4.6 °Target 3.0 ° 4.6 2.3 °
100 % Average speed 65 kn64 kn min to max 68 kn 68 64 kn
100 % Heading variation 0.0 °-0.3 ° min to max 0.1 ° -0.3 0.1 °
100 % Average bank angle 0.7 °0.0 ° min to max 1.7 ° 1.1 1.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.95 g min to max 1.05 g 1.03 0.99 g
Info Average VSI -774 ft/m-874 ft/m min to max -710 ft/m -768 -795 ft/m
Info Average altitude 96 ft agl38 ft agl min to max 322 ft agl 322 38 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -4.7 °-6.2 ° min to max -3.6 ° -3.6 -4.5 °
00.250.50.751050100150200250300Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-30-23-15-7.507.5152330Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Landing 99.78Landing on runway 24 at CYSN St Catharines\/Niagara District, runway length 1,523 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was slightly above target at 64 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was slightly above target at 64 kn. Target 60 kn
100 % Target 50 ft agl
100 % Landing and flare profile
100 % Heading variation 0.1 °0.1 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.1 0.2 °
98 % Average bank angle 1.0 °0.0 ° min to max 2.9 ° 1.2 1.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.05 g0.97 g min to max 1.22 g 1.00 1.04 g
Info Average speed 55 kn47 kn min to max 64 kn 64 47 kn
Info Average VSI -310 ft/m-800 ft/m min to max -90 ft/m -797 -90 ft/m
Info Average altitude 10 ft agl-1 ft agl min to max 33 ft agl 33 -1 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 1.5 °-4.4 ° min to max 3.9 ° -4.4 3.9 °
07515022530037501123344657Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150225300375-18-15-12-9-6-30369121518Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 98.36Touchdown distance was good at 330 m. Touchdown speed at 47 kn was a little fast. Touchdown rate was excellent at -90 ft/m. Runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 4.1 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 20 °C. Wind 11 kn at 50 °. Crosswind: 0 kn Tailwind: 11 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
96 % Touchdown VSI was -90 ft/m.
100 % Touchdown distance was 330 mTarget 457 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 47 knTarget 44 kn
96 % Runway alignment max 4.15 m4.03 m left 4.15 3.86 m
100 % Average bank angle 0.5 °0.1 ° min to max 1.2 ° 1.2 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.06 g1.02 g min to max 1.10 g 1.04 1.02 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 46 kn46 kn min to max 47 kn 47 46 kn
Info Average pitch angle 3.5 °2.9 ° min to max 3.9 ° 3.9 2.9 °
Arrival Rollout 98.73Total landing distance 664 m, 44 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was very good.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 664 m44 % of runway.
97 % Runway alignment max 4.24 m3.82 m left to 0.42 m right 3.82 -0.32 m
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.04 g 1.03 1.00 g
Info Average speed 60 kn34 kn min to max 64 kn 64 34 kn
Info Average pitch angle 1.9 °1.2 ° min to max 2.8 ° 2.8 1.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.0 0.0 °
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 0 kn
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 17 kn10 kn min to max 32 kn 32 12 kn
Info Average pitch angle 1.4 °0.6 ° min to max 1.9 ° 1.6 1.8 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.1 0.1 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g
Arrival Taxi 90.05Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 1 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 10 kn6 kn min to max 14 kn 12 6 kn
100 % Average speed turning corners 10 knmax 11 kn 0 0 kn
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle 1.6 °0.8 ° min to max 2.4 ° 1.8 0.9 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.1 0.2 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights
Fail Taxi Lights
Info Parking Brake On 3 ft agl · 9 kt

Takeoff

100.00Takeoff roll233 m · 10 %
100.00Liftoff speed59 kt
100.00Runway alignment2.55 m L
OkBounce on takeoffNone
97.54Rate of climb429 fpm

Landing

The threshold, the flare and the hold-off. The approach that led to it is the stabilisation gates below.

100.00Threshold height33 ft
100.00Threshold speed63 kt
100.00Centreline offset0.06 m L

The stabilisation gates

One stabilised approach gate: five checks where the approach path is 500 ft above the runway. The 1,000 ft gate was not assessed, because the approach did not join final that far out.

Five checks, one gate500 ft
Gear down
Sink rate
On glideslope
On centreline
On speed

Touchdown on CYSN 24

Past threshold100.00
333m
Centreline95.99
3.86m L
Speed100.00
46kt
Touchdown rate95.83
-90fpm
Impact100.00
1.10G
BouncesOk
None

Side view — the last 1,523 m of the approach.

33 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft 80 ft400 Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 33 ft, down at 333 m

Plan view — the full 1,523 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

5001,0001,500 THRESHOLD FULL SCORE TO 503 M 333 m past threshold CLEARED

The 333 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 646 m of 1,523 m · 42 %
Rollout distance100.00
313m42 % used
Rollout alignment97.18
3.82m L

The rest of the report

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Flight map
Replay this flight in 3D The full flight path over the terrain with every stage, event and score along the route.
Takeoff report
Takeoff on runway 05 at KBUF Buffalo Niagara Intl in the Cessna 152
92.63 %
95 %
Takeoff Roll
Departure roll runway 05 at KBUF Buffalo Niagara Intl. Takeoff distance 0 m 0 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 60 kn. Local weather - Temperature 23 °C. Wind 13 kn at 19 °. Crosswind: 5 kn Headwind: 12 kn.
Takeoff Distance
100 %
Roll distance of 0 m using 0 % of runway
Liftoff Speed
100 %
Liftoff speed was 60 kn - Target 56 kn
Alignment
100 %
2.55 m left to 1.44 m right
Bounce
100 %
No Bounce Detected
Strobe Lights
100 %
Switched On
Landing Lights
0 %
Switched On
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
60 30 0
Bank °
Info
2 1 0
Pitch °
Info
7 4 1
02505007501,0001,250-25-20-15-10-50510152025 Runway Distance m Runway Alignment to End of Runway m
97.54 %
Climb 1
Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 05 KBUF Buffalo Niagara Intl.
Alignment
100 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
70 60 50
Bank °
92.24 %
5 2.5 0
G
94.86 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
11 7 3
Climb Rate fpm
Info
700 300 -100
85.36 %
Climb 2
Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 05 KBUF Buffalo Niagara Intl.
Alignment
100 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
80 70 60
Bank °
41.42 %
25 13 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
10 7 4
Climb Rate fpm
Info
1,100 650 200
02505007501,0001,250070140210280350 Runway Distance m Height at End of Runway ft
00.040.070.110.140.180100200300 Climb Distance NM Climb Profile to 1,000 ft
00.040.070.110.140.18-60-48-36-24-1201224364860 Climb Distance NM Runway Alignment (in m) to 1,000 ft
Landing report
Landing on runway 24 at CYSN St Catharines\/Niagara District in the Cessna 152
Landing Score 96.18 %
87.84 %
Final 1
Approaching runway 24 at CYSN St Catharines\/Niagara District from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 322 ft agl to 38 ft agl. A decrease of 284 ft in 21 seconds.
Glideslope
39.18 %
Poor descent path above glideslope limit
Heading
100 %
Excellent heading alignment
Glideslope °
39.18 %
4 3 2
IAS kt
100 %
68 64 60
Alignment
100 %
0.5 0 -0.5
Bank °
100 %
2 1 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Descent Rate fpm
Info
-710 -805 -900
00.250.50.751050100150200250300 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Height ft
00.250.50.751-30-23-15-7.507.5152330 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Runway Alignment m
99.78 %
Landing
Landing on runway 24 at CYSN St Catharines\/Niagara District, runway length 1,523 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was slightly above target at 64 kn.
Height
100 %
Good threshold height. Target 50 ft agl
Speed
100 %
Threshold speed was slightly above target at 64 kt. Target 60 kt
Flare
100 %
Perfect landing flare
Centreline ft
100 %
100 0 -100
Bank °
97.81 %
3 1.5 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
64 52 40
Pitch °
Info
4 0 -4
Descent Rate fpm
Info
-93 -496 -900
07515022530037501123344657 Runway Distance m Landing Height ft
075150225300375-18-15-12-9-6-30369121518 Runway Distance m Runway Width m
98.36 %
Touchdown
Touchdown distance was good at 330 m. Touchdown speed at 47 kn was a little fast. Touchdown rate was excellent at -90 ft/m. Runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 4.1 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 20 °C. Wind 11 kn at 50 °. Crosswind: 0 kn Tailwind: 11 kn.
Warning: Landed with a 11 kt tailwind
Touchdown
95.83 %
Touchdown rate was excellent at -90 fpm.
Speed
100 %
Touchdown speed at 47 kt was a little fast. Target below 44 kn
Distance
100 %
Touchdown distance was good at 330 m.
Alignment
95.99 %
Runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 4.1 m from centreline.
Bank
100 %
Bank angle 0.5 °
G
100 %
G 1.06 g
Bounce
100 %
No Bounce Detected
98.73 %
Rollout
Total landing distance 664 m, 44 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was very good.
Distance
100 %
Landing distance 664 m using 43.63 % of runway
Alignment
97.18 %
Runway rollout alignment was very good.
G
100 %
1.25 1 0.75
IAS kt
Info
46 23 0
Bank °
Info
1 0.5 0
Pitch °
Info
3 2 1
0200400600 Runway Distance m Runway Width m
90.05 %
Taxi
Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 1 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
Landing Lights
1 %
Switched Off
Taxi Lights
0 %
Switched On
Ground Speed kt
100 %
30 15 0
Turn Speed
100 %
30 15 0
G
100 %
1.25 1 0.75
Bank °
Info
1 0.5 0
Pitch °
Info
3 1.5 0
Metrics
Metrics

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