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The flight in question was conducted in a Cessna Skyhawk, a popular single-engine aircraft. The takeoff from runway 13R at Melbourne Moorabbin Airport (YMMB) was smooth, with a takeoff distance of 243 meters, which is approximately 32% of the runway length. The liftoff speed was 56 knots, indicating a relatively normal takeoff performance.
As the aircraft entered the left-hand traffic pattern, it demonstrated impressive agility, completing the pattern entry in less than 1 nautical mile in just 10 seconds. However, the crosswind leg took a bit longer, covering the same distance in 267 seconds. The pattern downwind turn was executed at an angle of 45 degrees to the runway, with a distance of 1 nautical mile.
The final approach to runway 17L was made from the north, with the aircraft flying at a heading of 177.0 degrees and an altitude of 514 feet above ground level (agl) at a distance of 1 nautical mile from the runway. The landing was successful, with a touchdown speed of 36 knots and a touchdown distance of 133 meters, which is a relatively short distance considering the runway length of 875 meters.
However, there were a few areas for improvement. The touchdown rate was fair at -236 feet per minute (fpm), indicating a slightly higher than ideal rate of descent. Additionally, the runway touchdown position was misaligned by 11.8 meters from the centerline, which may have contributed to the slightly misaligned runway rollout alignment. Despite these minor issues, the total landing distance was only 184 meters, which is a mere 21% of the runway length.
The flight itself was relatively short, covering a total distance of 5 nautical miles in just 6 minutes. The aircraft used a total of 4 kilograms of fuel, indicating a relatively efficient flight. Overall, the flight demonstrated the capabilities of the Cessna Skyhawk, with a smooth takeoff, impressive pattern performance, and a successful landing.
Replay this flight in 3D — the full flight path over the terrain with every stage, event and score along the route.
Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 2 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 100 % |
Average speed 5 kn 0 kn min to max 9 kn |
0 | 9 kn | |
| 100 % |
Average speed turning corners 0 kn max 0 kn |
0 | 0 kn | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 1.00 g 1.00 g min to max 1.00 g |
1.00 | 1.00 g | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle -0.0 ° -0.2 ° min to max 0.1 ° |
0.1 | -0.1 ° | |
| Info |
Average bank angle 0.1 ° 0.0 ° min to max 0.3 ° |
0.3 | 0.1 ° | |
| Info |
Battery Master On at 18:54:26 |
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| Info |
Engine 1 Started at 18:54:26 |
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| Info |
Navigation Lights Switched On at 18:54:26 |
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| Info |
Strobe Lights Switched On at 18:54:26 |
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| Info |
Landing Gear Down at 18:54:26 |
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| Info |
Parking Brake On at 18:54:26 |
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| Info |
Parking Brake Off at 18:56:01 |
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| Info |
Taxi Lights Switched On at 18:56:04 |
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| Info |
Beacon Lights Switched On at 18:56:05 |
Entering runway 13R at YMMB Melbourne Moorabbin Airport, Average speed was 9 kn.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| Info |
Average speed 10 kn 7 kn min to max 12 kn |
10 | 7 kn | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle -0.1 ° -0.6 ° min to max 0.1 ° |
-0.1 | -0.2 ° | |
| Info |
Average bank angle 0.1 ° 0.0 ° min to max 0.3 ° |
0.1 | 0.0 ° | |
| Info |
Average g force 1.00 g 1.00 g min to max 1.00 g |
1.00 | 1.00 g |
Departure roll runway 13R at YMMB Melbourne Moorabbin Airport. Takeoff distance 243 m 32 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 56 kn. Local weather - Temperature 19 °C. Wind 15 kn at 164 °. Crosswind: 6 kn Headwind: 14 kn.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 100 % |
Takeoff distance 243 m 32 % of runway |
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| 100 % |
Liftoff speed was 56 kn Target 62 kn |
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| 88.89 % |
Runway alignment max 6.10 m 6.10 m left to 0.00 m left |
6.08 | 4.94 m | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 1.01 g 0.99 g min to max 1.30 g |
1.00 | 1.30 g | |
| 100 % |
Takeoff Bounce |
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| Info |
Average pitch angle 1.0 ° -1.2 ° min to max 12.4 ° |
-0.2 | 12.4 ° | |
| Info |
Average bank angle 0.1 ° 0.0 ° min to max 0.4 ° |
0.1 | 0.4 ° | |
| Info |
Flaps Position 1 at 18:57:37 |
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| Info |
Stall Warning Activated at 18:57:55 |
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| 0 % |
Landing Lights at 18:57:25 |
Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 13R YMMB Melbourne Moorabbin Airport.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 80.22 % |
Heading variation -2.1 ° -2.8 ° min to max -1.1 ° |
-1.1 | -2.8 ° | |
| 0 % |
Average speed 69 kn 56 kn min to max 77 kn |
56 | 77 kn | |
| 87.63 % |
Average bank angle 1.9 ° 0.0 ° min to max 6.7 ° |
0.4 | 1.0 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 1.00 g 0.78 g min to max 1.36 g |
1.36 | 1.06 g | |
| Info |
Average VSI 280 fpm 121 fpm min to max 421 fpm |
132 | 318 fpm | |
| Info |
Average altitude 22 ft agl 1 ft agl min to max 46 ft agl |
1 | 46 ft agl | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle 5.9 ° 3.9 ° min to max 11.8 ° |
11.8 | 6.7 ° | |
| Info |
Stall Warning Deactivated at 18:57:56 |
Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 13R YMMB Melbourne Moorabbin Airport.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 100 % |
Average speed 81 kn 68 kn min to max 96 kn |
77 | 68 kn | |
| 100 % |
Average bank angle 0.7 ° 0.0 ° min to max 4.8 ° |
0.9 | 4.8 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 1.01 g 0.77 g min to max 1.35 g |
1.06 | 0.79 g | |
| Info |
Average VSI 627 fpm 325 fpm min to max 2,440 fpm |
325 | 1,970 fpm | |
| Info |
Average altitude 133 ft agl 47 ft agl min to max 631 ft agl |
47 | 631 ft agl | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle 7.0 ° 3.6 ° min to max 18.9 ° |
6.7 | 14.0 ° |
Left hand pattern entry from runway 13R YMMB Melbourne Moorabbin Airport. Distance was less than 1 nm in 10 seconds.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 100 % |
Average speed 75 kn 66 kn min to max 88 kn |
67 | 88 kn | |
| 100 % |
Average bank angle 23.0 ° 7.3 ° min to max 35.7 ° |
7.3 | 19.7 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 1.05 g 0.84 g min to max 1.35 g |
0.84 | 1.35 g | |
| Info |
Average VSI 432 fpm -203 fpm min to max 1,666 fpm |
1,666 | 107 fpm | |
| Info |
Average altitude 709 ft agl 663 ft agl min to max 724 ft agl |
663 | 717 ft agl | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle 4.5 ° 0.2 ° min to max 12.0 ° |
12.0 | 5.0 ° |
Left hand pattern crosswind from runway 13R YMMB Melbourne Moorabbin Airport. Distance was less than 1 nm in 267 seconds.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 0 % |
Heading -46.3 ° -52.1 ° min to max 15.8 ° |
12.3 | -52.1 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average speed 81 kn 66 kn min to max 95 kn |
87 | 80 kn | |
| 81.71 % |
Average g force 0.98 g 0.43 g min to max 1.36 g |
1.36 | 0.94 g | |
| Info |
Average VSI 808 fpm -648 fpm min to max 2,032 fpm |
552 | 815 fpm | |
| Info |
Average altitude 1,144 ft agl 729 ft agl min to max 1,174 ft agl |
729 | 1,174 ft agl | |
| Info |
Average bank angle 3.1 ° 0.1 ° min to max 23.4 ° |
3.0 | 3.1 ° | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle 8.8 ° -2.4 ° min to max 18.7 ° |
8.9 | 8.8 ° | |
| Info |
Flaps Fully Retracted at 18:59:05 |
Pattern Downwind Turn. Distance was 1 nm. Angle to runway (45 degrees) 109.9 °.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 0 % |
Angle to runway (45 degrees) 109.9 °. |
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| 100 % |
Average speed 85 kn 54 kn min to max 109 kn |
83 | 64 kn | |
| 100 % |
Average bank angle 10.2 ° 0.2 ° min to max 29.7 ° |
4.9 | 17.4 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 1.03 g 0.75 g min to max 1.50 g |
1.08 | 0.95 g | |
| Info |
Average VSI -349 fpm -2,625 fpm min to max 1,122 fpm |
864 | -1,096 fpm | |
| Info |
Average altitude 1,130 ft agl 532 ft agl min to max 1,304 ft agl |
1,187 | 532 ft agl | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle 0.2 ° -19.9 ° min to max 11.5 ° |
9.5 | 0.1 ° | |
| Info |
Flaps Position 1 at 19:04:56 |
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| Info |
Flaps Position 3 at 19:04:57 |
Approaching runway 17L at YMMB Melbourne Moorabbin Airport from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 514 ft agl to 19 ft agl. A decrease of 495 ft in 39 seconds.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 21.5 % |
Approach angle 2.3 ° 1.1 ° min to max 6.1 ° Target 3.0 ° |
6.1 | 1.1 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average speed 59 kn 51 kn min to max 73 kn |
61 | 57 kn | |
| 95.2 % |
Heading variation -0.3 ° -0.6 ° min to max 0.4 ° |
0.4 | -0.2 ° | |
| 64.03 % |
Average bank angle 4.0 ° 0.0 ° min to max 16.5 ° |
13.0 | 0.3 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 1.02 g 0.71 g min to max 1.40 g |
0.88 | 1.18 g | |
| Info |
Average VSI -491 fpm -1,539 fpm min to max -148 fpm |
-1,085 | -394 fpm | |
| Info |
Average altitude 83 ft agl 19 ft agl min to max 514 ft agl |
514 | 19 ft agl | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle 0.8 ° -9.1 ° min to max 5.8 ° |
-3.1 | 5.8 ° |
Landing on runway 17L at YMMB Melbourne Moorabbin Airport, runway length 875 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was a little below target at 57 kn.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 100 % |
Threshold speed was a little below target at 57 kn. Target 63 kn |
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| 100 % |
Target 47 ft agl |
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| 89 % |
Landing and flare profile |
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| 85.6 % |
Heading variation -0.4 ° -0.9 ° min to max -0.2 ° |
-0.2 | -0.9 ° | |
| 92.49 % |
Average bank angle 2.1 ° 0.0 ° min to max 5.2 ° |
0.3 | 1.5 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 1.01 g 0.78 g min to max 1.36 g |
1.22 | 1.03 g | |
| Info |
Average speed 46 kn 36 kn min to max 57 kn |
57 | 36 kn | |
| Info |
Average VSI -130 fpm -384 fpm min to max 19 fpm |
-384 | -236 fpm | |
| Info |
Average altitude 9 ft agl 0 ft agl min to max 14 ft agl |
12 | 0 ft agl | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle 7.7 ° 3.5 ° min to max 13.6 ° |
6.7 | 11.1 ° | |
| Info |
Stall Warning Activated at 19:06:05 |
Touchdown distance was good at 133 m. Touchdown speed at 36 kn was good. Touchdown rate was fair at -236 fpm. Runway touchdown position was misaligned by 11.8 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 18 °C. Wind 14 kn at 163 °. Crosswind: 3 kn Headwind: 13 kn.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 95.3 % |
Touchdown VSI was -236 fpm. |
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| 100 % |
Touchdown distance was 133 m Target 444 m |
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| 100 % |
Speed at touchdown 36 kn Target 53 kn |
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| 67.97 % |
Runway alignment max 11.84 m 11.56 m right |
-11.04 | -11.84 m | |
| 96.49 % |
Average bank angle 1.4 ° 0.5 ° min to max 2.6 ° |
1.5 | 2.6 ° | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 1.17 g 1.03 g min to max 1.27 g |
1.03 | 1.11 g | |
| 100 % |
Landing Bounce |
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| Info |
Average speed 36 kn 35 kn min to max 37 kn |
36 | 35 kn | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle 2.7 ° -1.2 ° min to max 11.1 ° |
11.1 | -1.2 ° |
Total landing distance 184 m, 21 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was slightly misaligned by 11.8 m from centreline.
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| 100 % |
Landing distance 184 m 21 % of runway. |
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| 68.02 % |
Runway alignment max 11.82 m 0.00 m left to 11.82 m right |
-11.82 | -6.20 m | |
| 100 % |
Average g force 1.01 g 0.98 g min to max 1.08 g |
1.08 | 1.00 g | |
| Info |
Average speed 31 kn 30 kn min to max 33 kn |
33 | 30 kn | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle 0.2 ° -1.3 ° min to max 0.7 ° |
-1.3 | 0.4 ° | |
| Info |
Average bank angle 0.7 ° 0.0 ° min to max 2.7 ° |
2.6 | 0.2 ° | |
| Info |
Stall Warning Deactivated at 19:06:07 |
Exiting runway, average speed 21 kn
| Score | Description | Start | Profile | End |
| Info |
Average speed 17 kn 0 kn min to max 30 kn |
30 | 30 kn | |
| Info |
Average pitch angle -0.1 ° -0.7 ° min to max 0.5 ° |
0.4 | -0.1 ° | |
| Info |
Average bank angle 0.2 ° 0.1 ° min to max 0.4 ° |
0.1 | 0.3 ° | |
| Info |
Average g force 1.00 g 0.99 g min to max 1.01 g |
1.01 | 0.99 g | |
| Info |
Flaps Position 2 at 19:06:21 |
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| Info |
Flaps Position 1 at 19:06:22 |
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| Info |
Flaps Fully Retracted at 19:07:35 |
The Cessna Skyhawk successfully landed at Melbourne Moorabbin Airport, achieving an overall score of 87.7%. The aircraft approached the runway from the north, heading 177.0° at 1 nautical mile and 514 feet above ground level (agl). The pilot executed a smooth final approach, with a good threshold height, indicating a well-controlled descent.
Upon touchdown, the aircraft's threshold speed was slightly below the target speed of 57 knots, but still within a safe margin. The touchdown distance of 133 meters was also satisfactory, demonstrating the pilot's ability to control the aircraft's speed and descent rate. However, the touchdown speed of 36 knots was slightly higher than expected, which may have contributed to a fair touchdown rate of -236 feet per minute (fpm).
One notable aspect of the landing was the misalignment of the runway touchdown position, which was off-centerline by 11.8 meters. This may have been due to a slight deviation in the pilot's alignment or a minor issue with the aircraft's navigation system. Additionally, the runway rollout alignment was also slightly misaligned, which could have been a result of the initial touchdown position.
The local weather conditions at the time of the landing were favorable, with a temperature of 18°C and a moderate headwind of 13 knots. The crosswind was minimal, at 3 knots, which made the landing process relatively straightforward. Overall, the pilot demonstrated good control and handling of the aircraft, but could improve on their alignment and touchdown speed to achieve a higher score.
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