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MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Departure
Level the wings with coordinated aileron to hold bank angle near zero during the initial climb, starting from 12°.
What happened: Bank angle was elevated during the initial climb and excess bank usually persists into the second climb segment.
Watch for: Attitude indicator, wings level with bank angle near zero degrees.
A good takeoff has a defined shape. It also has a defined end. For an airliner that's thrust reduction and acceleration, commonly somewhere around 1,000 to 1,500 ft above the airfield depending on the operator, while for a light aircraft it's established at Vy with the flaps on schedule. Most simmers have no defined end to their takeoff, which is exactly why it never gets judged.
Read more in Improve Your Take-OffsStart to finish · 10 stages, 9 in the score
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Taxi out
The roll
A clean takeoff
Rotated at 66 kt against the 68 kt rotate speed, the nose rising at 2.5° a second, then held 12.8° from 35 ft, within 2.5° top to bottom.
Rotated on speed at a steady rate, and the climb attitude held. This is the takeoff to repeat: the same speed check, the same pull, the same attitude.
Liftoff and climb
Plan view the roll down the 2,488 m runway.
Rolled from 674 m in, never more than 1.2 m off the centreline. Airborne 30 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length.
Side view from the start of the roll to 82 ft.
Reached 35 ft with 1,522 m of runway left.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The dark stretch of the roll is the run with the nose up and the wheels still on, with its length and time under the runway.
Speed and pitch from brake release to the end of the climb, against time.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The dashed green line is the speed to rotate at for this aircraft at its weight, and the green dot is where the nose started to come up. The grey band is the run between the nose coming up and the wheels leaving the runway. The figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up, in degrees a second. The grey dashed line across the pitch is the attitude held from 35 ft to the end: a nose held steady is a climb speed that holds, and the airspeed trace sits directly above it to compare.
One stabilised approach gate: five checks where the approach path is 300 ft above the runway. The 1,000 ft gate was not assessed, because the approach did not join final that far out. These checks are the approach's score.
Still turning onto final at the lower gate, so the centreline and wings level are not asked there - the aeroplane was not lined up yet, and was banked because it was turning. The other checks are marked as usual.
When the approach was stable
Every check met from 0.6 to 0.3 nm, then not again: right of the centreline from 0.3 nm to the threshold.
Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.
Why this is not a circuit
Off and back onto EHGG, scored as a flight. A circuit passes all five:
The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.
Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.
Inside the glideslope band from 1.1 nm, where the final began, to the threshold, never more than 100 ft above the slope.
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 4× larger than distances along the final.
Joined 82 m right of the centreline at 1.1 nm, then inside it from 0.6 to 0.3 nm, then 12 m right of it from 0.3 nm to the threshold.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 35 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 21 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.
Inside the speed band all the way, between −4 kt and +9 kt on the approach speed of 69 kt.
Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.
Over the threshold
Perfect landing flare
Touchdown
Rollout
Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.
Crossed the threshold at 31 ft, 19 ft below the 50 ft target; began the flare at 13 ft. Touched down 327 m in, close to the ideal 305 m.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,524 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
The sink went from 230 fpm at the flare to 120 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 2.6° on the way down. Into the flare at 63 kt, 6 kt under the 69 kt approach speed, and 54 kt at touchdown.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 2,488 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down 3.2 m right of the centreline, and stayed about there down the rollout, 3.3 m right at the widest. Little crosswind (1 kt): nothing to correct for. Touched down straight, wings level.
Wind 270° at 2 kt · 2 kt tail · 1 kt across
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way. The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. The sentence gives the nose against the direction you were actually moving as the wheels touched, and the steepest bank as they touched, the figure the touchdown's Bank tile marks. The rest of it is shown for reading, not marked.
The 327 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.
The stop — touchdown to taxi speed.
From 56 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 8 s, an average deceleration of 0.18 g.
Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.
The rest of the report
The Commander 114 departed from runway 05 at EHGG Groningen Airport Eelde, using a take-off roll of 767 m which represented 31 % of the available runway. Liftoff was achieved at 73 kt. Ambient conditions were 20 °C with a wind from 222° at 3 kt, a 1 kt cross-wind component and a 3 kt tail-wind component.
During the climb the aircraft entered a right-hand pattern from runway 05, covering less than 1 nm in 15 seconds. The subsequent right-hand crosswind segment also spanned less than 1 nm in 7 seconds. The downwind turn was 1 nm with an angle to the runway of 134.0°, followed by a downwind leg of less than 1 nm completed in 5 seconds. The base turn covered 1 nm at an angle of 89.6°, and the base leg was again less than 1 nm in 5 seconds. The final turn extended 3 nm and lasted 153 seconds before the aircraft commenced its descent.
The descent phase began on final approach, with the aircraft descending from 477 ft agl to 42 ft agl in 50 seconds, meeting the stabilisation gates criteria.
On final approach to runway 05 the aircraft maintained the local weather conditions of 20 °C, wind 3 kt from 222°, 1 kt cross-wind and 3 kt tail-wind. The threshold speed was slightly below the target at 65 kt.
Touchdown occurred 326 m down the runway at a speed of 54 kt and a smooth vertical rate of minus 133 fpm. The aircraft was offset by 3.3 m from the centreline. With a runway length of 2,488 m, the total landing distance was 485 m, representing 20 % of the runway, and the rollout alignment was judged very good.
In summary, the flight covered a total distance of 7 nm, took 5 (units as given), and consumed 2 kg of fuel.
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