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EGPE
Inverness, Scotland
Runway 23
Elevation26 ft asl
Weight1,069 kg
Fuel83 kg
Wind270° · 2 kn · 1 kn cross

Flight Score

99.98 %
EGPE
Inverness, Scotland
Runway 23
Elevation26 ft asl
Weight1,069 kg
Fuel80 kg
Wind269° · 2 kn · 1 kn cross
18 Oct 2026 0:06 9 nm Cessna 182 2 kg
Departure Score
100.00 %
Pattern Score
100.00 %
Arrival Score
99.94 %

What went well

Touched down at -32 fpm — a soft arrival
Touchdown 281 m in — inside the full-score zone
Threshold crossed at 28 ft and 63 kt — both inside band

What held you back

Nothing — every scored stage stayed inside its band. Clean flight.

Start to finish · 15 stages, 13 in the score

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Roll 100.00Departure roll runway 23 at EGPE Inverness Airport. Takeoff distance 379 m 20 % of runway. Rotation speed was 65 kt. Local weather - Temperature 15 °C. Wind 2 kt at 269 °. Crosswind: 1 kt Headwind: 2 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 379 m20 % of runway
100 % Rotation speed was 65 ktTarget 61 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 1.15 m right0.76 m left to 1.15 m right 0.75 -0.16 m
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.96 g min to max 1.11 g 1.00 1.11 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 1.6 °0.6 ° min to max 4.8 ° 3.2 4.8 °
Info Average bank angle 0.8 °0.4 ° min to max 1.3 ° 0.4 0.8 °
Departure Climb 1 100.00Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 23 EGPE Inverness Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.2 °-0.3 ° min to max 0.0 ° 0.0 -0.2 °
100 % Average speed 78 kt72 kt min to max 83 kt 72 83 kt
100 % Average bank angle 1.7 °0.0 ° min to max 3.2 ° 0.7 0.8 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g0.99 g min to max 1.12 g 1.12 1.00 g
Info Average VSI 518 fpm364 fpm min to max 637 fpm 364 637 fpm
Info Average altitude 17 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 44 ft agl 0 44 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 6.4 °4.9 ° min to max 7.0 ° 4.9 6.9 °
Departure Climb 2 100.00Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 23 EGPE Inverness Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 88 kt83 kt min to max 96 kt 83 92 kt
100 % Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 2.7 ° 0.8 2.7 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.94 g min to max 1.05 g 1.00 0.98 g
Info Average VSI 824 fpm638 fpm min to max 1,398 fpm 638 938 fpm
Info Average altitude 156 ft agl45 ft agl min to max 640 ft agl 45 640 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 7.2 °6.6 ° min to max 9.3 ° 6.9 6.6 °
Pattern Entry 100.00Left hand pattern entry from runway 23 EGPE Inverness Airport. Distance was less than 1 nm in 31 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 97 kt92 kt min to max 100 kt 92 100 kt
100 % Average bank angle 12.2 °5.2 ° min to max 16.6 ° 5.2 16.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.95 g min to max 1.07 g 0.98 1.04 g
Info Average VSI 640 fpm410 fpm min to max 909 fpm 909 425 fpm
Info Average altitude 827 ft agl655 ft agl min to max 986 ft agl 655 986 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 4.8 °3.3 ° min to max 6.5 ° 6.4 3.3 °
Pattern Crosswind 100.00Left hand pattern crosswind from runway 23 EGPE Inverness Airport. Distance was less than 1 nm in 24 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading -1.2 °-19.0 ° min to max 13.2 ° 13.2 -19.0 °
100 % Average speed 112 kt101 kt min to max 116 kt 101 115 kt
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.89 g min to max 1.07 g 1.04 1.06 g
Info Average VSI -39 fpm-248 fpm min to max 431 fpm 431 -71 fpm
Info Average altitude 986 ft agl973 ft agl min to max 1,007 ft agl 993 973 ft agl
Info Average bank angle 9.5 °0.1 ° min to max 15.9 ° 15.4 15.2 °
Info Average pitch angle -0.0 °-1.4 ° min to max 3.2 ° 3.2 0.3 °
Pattern Downwind Turn 100.00Pattern Downwind Turn. Distance was 2 nm. Angle to the runway's far end 64.6 °.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 115 kt114 kt min to max 115 kt 115 114 kt
100 % Average bank angle 16.9 °15.6 ° min to max 18.2 ° 15.6 16.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.05 g1.01 g min to max 1.09 g 1.09 1.02 g
Info Average VSI 96 fpm-28 fpm min to max 204 fpm -28 135 fpm
Info Average altitude 980 ft agl972 ft agl min to max 998 ft agl 972 998 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 1.2 °0.3 ° min to max 1.7 ° 1.0 1.0 °
Pattern Downwind 100.00Pattern Downwind Leg. Distance was 2 nm in 77 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading -3.2 °-17.9 ° min to max 16.4 ° 16.4 -17.9 °
100 % Average altitude 972 ft agl876 ft agl min to max 1,001 ft agl 999 876 ft agl
100 % Average speed 103 kt90 kt min to max 114 kt 114 95 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.93 g min to max 1.05 g 1.01 1.02 g
Info Average VSI -100 fpm-570 fpm min to max 92 fpm 92 -470 fpm
Info Average bank angle 3.0 °0.1 ° min to max 16.1 ° 16.1 11.0 °
Info Average pitch angle 0.0 °-2.6 ° min to max 1.2 ° 0.8 -1.6 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 801 ft agl · 99 kt
Pattern Base Leg Turn 100.00Pattern Base Leg Turn. Distance was 2 nm. Angle to runway (45 degrees) 50.3 °.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Angle to runway (45 degrees) 50.3 °.
100 % Average speed 93 kt90 kt min to max 95 kt 95 90 kt
100 % Average bank angle 12.0 °10.7 ° min to max 13.3 ° 11.4 12.8 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g0.98 g min to max 1.10 g 1.05 1.01 g
Info Average VSI -221 fpm-447 fpm min to max -103 fpm -447 -182 fpm
Info Average altitude 829 ft agl801 ft agl min to max 868 ft agl 868 801 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -0.2 °-1.2 ° min to max 0.6 ° -1.2 -0.3 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 2 651 ft agl · 94 kt
Pattern Base Leg 100.00Pattern Base Leg. Distance was less than 1 nm in 41 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading -2.4 °-16.8 ° min to max 19.2 ° 19.2 -16.8 °
100 % Average speed 84 kt79 kt min to max 89 kt 89 79 kt
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.97 g min to max 1.04 g 1.01 1.00 g
Info Average VSI -278 fpm-450 fpm min to max -155 fpm -200 -223 fpm
Info Average altitude 688 ft agl592 ft agl min to max 785 ft agl 785 592 ft agl
Info Average bank angle 4.3 °0.1 ° min to max 12.5 ° 12.5 11.5 °
Info Average pitch angle -0.4 °-1.6 ° min to max 0.5 ° -0.4 0.5 °
Pattern Final Turn 100.00Pattern Final Turn. Distance was less than 1 nm in 28 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 74 kt65 kt min to max 79 kt 79 66 kt
100 % Average bank angle 11.6 °1.0 ° min to max 15.2 ° 12.1 1.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.93 g min to max 1.13 g 1.01 0.97 g
Info Average VSI -226 fpm-603 fpm min to max 184 fpm -242 -603 fpm
Info Average altitude 533 ft agl483 ft agl min to max 588 ft agl 588 483 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 0.5 °-3.4 ° min to max 4.4 ° 0.2 -3.4 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 3 521 ft agl · 79 kt
Arrival Approach Final approach to runway 23 at EGPE Inverness Airport. Descent from 541 ft agl to 37 ft agl in 58 seconds. Not scored on a circuit: the stabilisation gate is shown for reference.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Gear downpassed
100 % Landing flappassed
100 % Sink ratepassed
100 % On glideslopepassed
100 % On speedpassed

Events

Info Flaps Position 3 521 ft agl · 79 kt
Arrival Landing 99.83Landing on runway 23 at EGPE Inverness Airport, runway length 1,866 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was good at 64 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was good at 64 kt. Target 62 kt
100 % Good threshold height.Target 50 ft agl
100 % Perfect landing flare
100 % Runway alignment max 2.05 m left2.05 m left to 0.24 m left 2.05 0.94 m
98 % Average bank angle 0.9 °0.0 ° min to max 2.8 ° 0.6 0.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g0.96 g min to max 1.10 g 1.05 1.00 g
Info Average speed 57 kt50 kt min to max 64 kt 64 50 kt
Info Average VSI -236 fpm-586 fpm min to max -70 fpm -586 -74 fpm
Info Average altitude 2 ft agl-10 ft agl min to max 29 ft agl 29 -10 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 3.1 °-1.1 ° min to max 5.6 ° -1.1 5.5 °
07515022530001123344657Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150225300-24-20-16-12-8-404812162024Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 100.00Touchdown distance was good at 281 m. Touchdown speed at 50 kt was good. Touchdown rate was perfect at -32 fpm. Runway touchdown alignment was perfect. Local weather - Temperature 15 °C. Wind 2 kt at 269 °. Crosswind: 1 kt Headwind: 2 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Touchdown rate was -32 fpm.
100 % Touchdown distance was 281 mTarget 457 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 50 ktTarget below 60 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 0.95 m left0.93 m left 0.94 0.90 m
100 % Average bank angle 0.5 °0.0 ° min to max 0.9 ° 0.6 0.9 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.02 g 1.00 1.02 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 49 kt49 kt min to max 50 kt 50 49 kt
Info Average pitch angle 5.3 °5.2 ° min to max 5.5 ° 5.5 5.2 °
Arrival Rollout 100.00Total landing distance 451 m, 24 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was perfect.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 451 m24 % of runway.
100 % Runway alignment max 0.34 m left0.34 m left to 0.00 m left 0.34 0.05 m
100 % Average g force 1.01 g1.00 g min to max 1.03 g 1.02 1.00 g
Info Average speed 45 kt34 kt min to max 48 kt 48 34 kt
Info Average pitch angle 5.8 °-0.1 ° min to max 6.8 ° 5.2 -0.1 °
Info Average bank angle 0.7 °0.2 ° min to max 1.1 ° 1.0 0.4 °
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 19 kt
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 18 kt0 kt min to max 47 kt 29 47 kt
Info Average pitch angle 1.5 °-1.0 ° min to max 3.2 ° -0.1 1.6 °
Info Average bank angle 0.7 °0.4 ° min to max 1.3 ° 0.4 0.8 °
Info Average g force 0.66 g0.19 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 0.29 g

Events

Info Flaps Fully Retracted 4 ft agl · 3 kt

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Rotated at 65 kt, 4 kt above the 61 kt target, and lifted off at 71 kt 1.8 s later, the nose coming up at 1.8° a second.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The dashed green line is the speed to rotate at for this aircraft at its weight, and the green dot is where the nose started to come up. The figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up, in degrees a second.

120 kt8040020°10°0°ROTATELIFTOFFtarget 614.0° off · 1.8°/s7° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH02040 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchRotation speed targetRotation began

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 m 8 kt 2.7° 0 s
Rotate277 m · target 61 65 kt 0.8° 14.4 s
Liftoff337 m · +6 kt from rotation 71 kt 4.0° 16.1 s
35 ft565 m · 5.8 s after liftoff 82 kt 6.9° 22.0 s
End of the climb2,206 m · 640 ft 92 kt 6.6° 57.8 s

Takeoff from EGPE 23

Takeoff roll100.00
379m20 %
Rotation speed100.00
65kttarget 61, 4 fast
Liftoff speed
71kt
Runway alignment100.00
1.15m R
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Rate of climb100.00
517fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to 640 ft.

Reached 35 ft with 1,270 m of runway left; then climbing at 920 fpm on average to 640 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length.

750 ft375 ft0THRESHOLDRUNWAY END304050KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLRotate 65 kttarget 61Liftoff 71 kt
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runway

Plan view the roll down the 1,866 m runway.

Rolled from 31 m in, never more than 1.1 m off the centreline. Airborne 19 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

5001,0001,500THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓CROSS1 kn75 %widest 1.06 m RROLL 31 M INAirborne 368 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 368 m of 1,866 m · 20 %
Behind the start of the roll, 31 mTakeoff roll, 337 m Left ahead, 1,498 m

The circuit to EGPE 23

Left-hand, 1,000 ft circuit height. The plan shows your circuit over a textbook one for this runway; the profile unrolls the same path from liftoff to the threshold.

Plan landing direction to the left; in pale blue the textbook circuit for your downwind speed, 1 nm out at 102 kt

How to read this

The lap from above, with the landing direction to the left: the opposite of the runway drawings. The wide pale-blue line is a textbook circuit for your downwind speed - the downwind a mile out for every 100 kt, every turn at 30° of bank - and your track is drawn over it, each leg in the colour of its mark. The numbers are the four turns, the same as on the profile and the cards below. The 45° line from the threshold is the usual point to turn onto base.

45° to the thresholdTHRLANDING1234crosswinddownwindbase90+75-89under 75not a circuit legtextbook circuit

Around the circuit height and bank; the turns are shaded

How to read this

The same lap straightened out, so the height and the bank can be read together. Each shaded stretch is a turn, numbered as on the plan. The green box is circuit height, 1,000 ft, on the downwind. The amber line is 30° of bank, and a turn's steepest bank shows red above 32°. "Turn crosswind from" is the lowest height to start the first turn at.

05001,0001,5000°30°HEIGHT ftBANKcircuit height 1,000 ftturn crosswind from 500 ft17°118°213°315°4distance flown →
HeightBankA turnCircuit height ±50 ft30° of bank
1Crosswind turn
Turned at
915 ft
Bank
17°
Speed
97 kt

Good: full marks on the turn and the leg after it.

2Onto downwind
Bank
18°
Height
972 ft on 1,000 ft
Speed
103 kt
Out
1.6 nm 1 suits 102 kt

Good: full marks on the turn and the leg after it.

3Base turn
Angle
50° target 45°
Bank
13°
Height
856 ft

Good: full marks on the turn and the leg after it.

4Final turn
Bank
15°
Overshoot
211 m
Speed
74 kt

Overshot: went 211 m through the centreline turning final.

Overshooting final. A tailwind component on base sweeps you through the extended centreline, the instinctive correction is to steepen the bank and, when that's not enough, to skid the turn with rudder. In a real aircraft this is the base-to-final stall-spin scenario that kills people. The sim under-punishes it, because a spring yoke transmits no lightening of control force, there's no buffet through your hands, and no seat-of-the-pants sensation of the skid. You get the numbers of the skidded turn without the feel of it. The correct response is the same in both worlds and needs practising until it's reflexive. Don't steepen past 30 degrees, and if you've blown through the centreline, go around and reset.

Read more in Pattern Work
Entry100Crosswind100Turn onto downwind100Downwind100Base turn100Base100Final turn100

The approach to EGPE 23

The final from 4 nm.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.

Inside the glideslope band from 1.1 nm, where the final began, to the threshold, never more than 210 ft above the slope.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.

5001,0001,5002,0002,500 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 2° BAND525326
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height there

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.

Joined 211 m right of the centreline at 1.1 nm, then inside the band from 0.3 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR305 m L0305 m RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND139 m R54 m R
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the band

Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 31 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 19 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.

Inside the speed band all the way, between +2 kt and +17 kt on the approach speed of 62 kt.

How to read this

Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.

6080100120 kt4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRAPPROACH SPEED 62+17 kt+6 kt+2 kt
Your airspeedApproach speedWhat the gates allowOutside the band

Landing and touchdown on EGPE 23

Over the threshold

Threshold height100.00
28ft
Threshold speed100.00
63kttarget 62, 1 fast
Centreline offset100.00
2.05m L

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
281m
Centreline100.00
0.95m L
Speed100.00
49kttarget 60 or less
Touchdown rate100.00
-32fpm
Impact100.00
1.02G
BouncesOk
None
The flare100.00

Perfect landing flare

The crosswind

Little crosswind (1 kt): nothing to correct for. Touched down with the nose 1° right of the track, wings level.

Wind 269° at 2 kt · 2 kt head · 1 kt across

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

The stop

From 48 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 9 s, an average deceleration of 0.11 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

020406030 kt · 192 mtouchdown200 mkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 28 ft, 22 ft below the 50 ft target; began the flare at 20 ft. Touched down 281 m in, close to the ideal 305 m.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,524 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

28 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 Flare 20 ft · −473 fpm · −0.7° · 63 ktdescent slowed at 0 ft · −33 fpm · 5.6°−32 fpm · 5.6° nose up · 50 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 28 ft, down at 281 m

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 470 fpm at the flare to 30 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 6.2° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,000−2°4°10°flaredescent slowedtouchdown−32 fpm at touchdown5.6° at touchdown, +6.2° from the flare
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 1,866 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down on the centreline, and stayed within 0.9 m of it down the rollout.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

5001,0001,500 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ CROSS 1 kn FULL SCORE TO 503 M 281 m past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 281 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 441 m of 1,866 m · 24 %
In the air over the runway, 281 mRollout, 160 m Left over, 1,425 m
Rollout distance100.00
160m23 % used
Rollout alignment100.00
0.34m L

The rest of the report

Explore in detail

Flight narrative

The Cessna 182 departed from runway 23 at EGPE Inverness Airport. The take-off roll was 379 m, 20 % of the runway, and rotation occurred at 65 kt. Local weather was temperature 15 °C, wind 2 kt from 269°, with a 1 kt crosswind and a 2 kt headwind.

Initial climb to 400 ft agl took 40 seconds, averaging 778 fpm and reaching 92 kt at the top of the climb. The aircraft entered a left-hand circuit for runway 23. The downwind leg was 2 nm and lasted 77 seconds at 970 ft agl; the base leg was less than 1 nm and lasted 41 seconds.

On final approach to runway 23, descent was from 541 ft agl to 37 ft agl in 58 seconds. Stabilisation checks at 500 ft above the runway were met for gear down, landing flap, sink rate, glideslope and speed, but not met for centreline and wings level.

Landing was on runway 23, runway length 1,866 m. Threshold speed was 64 kt and was described as good. The flare was perfect. Touchdown occurred at 50 kt with a rate of -32 fpm; touchdown distance was 281 m and alignment was perfect. No bounce was observed. Total landing distance was 451 m, 24 % of the runway, and rollout alignment was perfect.

The total flight covered 9 nm in 6 minutes and used 2 kg of fuel.

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