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MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Shorten the long landing
Ground effect becomes significant below about one wingspan of height. A Cessna 172, with a 36 ft span, enters ground effect at flare height - the float it feels in the hold-off is ground effect arriving on cue. An A320, with a span around 117 ft, has been in ground effect since before the threshold and there is no sudden cushion to feel, only a gradual reduction in induced drag that lengthens any float you allow.
Read more in Flare TimingStart to finish · 18 stages, 16 in the score
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From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.
Lifted off at 153 kt with 8.8° of pitch.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.
The takeoff, point by point
Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 954 ft.
Reached 35 ft with 1,800 m of runway left; then climbing at 1,680 fpm on average to 954 ft.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.
Plan view the roll down the 3,195 m runway.
Rolled from 52 m in, drifted 4.8 m right of the centreline and was back on it to lift off. Airborne 35 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length.
The final from 4 nm.
Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 1° band in green.
Inside the glideslope band from 4 nm to the threshold, never more than 10 ft below the slope.
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 45× larger than distances along the final.
Inside the 1° band all the way from 4 nm, never more than 8 m off the centreline.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 32 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 18 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.
Inside the speed band all the way, between +8 kt and +9 kt on the approach speed of 140 kt.
Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.
Over the threshold
Touchdown
Little crosswind (1 kt): nothing to correct for. Touched down with the nose 4° left of the track, 5° of bank.
Wind 320° at 2 kt · 1 kt tail · 1 kt across
The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.
From 144 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 33 s, an average deceleration of 0.21 g.
Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.
Side view — the last 1,644 m of the approach.
Crossed the threshold at 48 ft, close to the 50 ft target. Touched down 509 m in, 204 m past the ideal 305 m.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,644 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
The sink went from 800 fpm at 45 ft to 280 fpm at touchdown. The pitch barely changed.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the first 1,644 m of the 3,282 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down on the centreline, and stayed within 2.2 m of it down the rollout.
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
Touched down 509 m past the threshold — beyond the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.
The rest of the report
The flight began with a taxiing period from the parking to the runway, which took 7 minutes and covered a distance of 2 nautical miles. The aircraft, a Boeing 737-800, then departed from runway 24R at LEPA Palma de Mallorca Airport. The takeoff distance was 1,088 meters, which accounted for 34% of the runway. The liftoff speed was 154 knots, and the local weather conditions at the time of departure were characterized by a temperature of 21 degrees Celsius, a wind speed of 4 knots at 240 degrees, with a crosswind of 0 knots and a headwind of 3 knots.
As the aircraft climbed to its cruising altitude, it began its enroute climb 2 miles south east of Palma. The climb started from an altitude of 1,026 feet above sea level and reached a maximum altitude of 34,754 feet above sea level, an increase of 33,728 feet in 20 minutes, covering a distance of 127 nautical miles. The enroute level cruise then started 63 miles north east of Dellys, Algeria, and lasted for 21 minutes, covering a distance of 183 nautical miles.
The enroute descent began 6 miles east of Besbes, Algeria, and lasted for 21 minutes, during which the aircraft descended from 34,990 feet above sea level to 1,301 feet above sea level, a decrease of 33,688 feet. The descent covered a distance of 120 nautical miles. The final approach to runway 09 at DTNH Enfidha - Hammamet International Airport was made from the west, heading 90.0 degrees at 4 nautical miles and 1,274 feet above ground level.
The landing on runway 09 at DTNH Enfidha - Hammamet International Airport was successful, with a touchdown point 103 meters beyond the touchdown zone. The touchdown speed was slightly above the target speed at 148 knots, and the touchdown rate was fair at -283 feet per minute. The runway touchdown alignment was very good, and the runway rollout alignment was perfect. The local weather conditions at the time of landing were characterized by a temperature of 18 degrees Celsius, a wind speed of 2 knots at 320 degrees, with a crosswind of 2 knots and a tailwind of 1 knot.
The total landing distance was 1,573 meters, which accounted for 48% of the runway. The taxiing period from the runway to the parking took 3 minutes and covered a distance of less than 1 nautical mile. The total flight distance was 438 nautical miles, and the flight duration was 74 minutes. The aircraft used 3,524 kilograms of fuel during the flight.
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