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CSA4
Saint-Leonard, Canada
Runway 07W
Elevation0 ft asl
Fuel306 kg

Flight Score

85.55 %
CYUL
Montreal, Canada
Runway 24L
Elevation102 ft asl
Weight3,190 kg
Fuel271 kg
Wind80° · 11 kn · 7 kn cross
29 Aug 2024 0:06 15 nm MU2 35 kg
Departure Score
73.01 %
Enroute Score
86.37 %
Arrival Score
96.59 %

What went well

Touched down at -257 fpm — a soft arrival
Touchdown 419 m in — inside the full-score zone
Straight touchdown — 2.48 m off the centreline, no bounce

What held you back

Departure Climb 1 — Heading variation -39.5 ° at 0 %, −9.00 points
Enroute Descent — 250 kt exceeded below 10,000 ft; speed limits at 0 %, g force 0.94 to 1.95 g at 87 %, −1.70 points
Enroute Climb — 250 kt exceeded below 10,000 ft; speed limits at 0 %, −1.48 points

Next time

Smooth the climb

See Departure Climb 1

Pull to 15 degrees at one rate and you get a clean liftoff, pull to the same 15 degrees at twice the rate and you get an overshoot, a push, and an oscillation through the first few hundred feet. The type-general rule of thumb is a rotation rate of about 2 to 3 degrees per second, which means roughly five to seven seconds from starting the pull to reaching the initial climb attitude of around 15 degrees nose-up. Count it out loud during your next takeoff and you will almost certainly discover you have been rotating in two seconds flat.

Read more in Improve Your Take-Offs

Start to finish · 16 stages, 14 in the score

The flight story

The approach before the go-around was abandoned. Its marks are shown, but only the approach that landed counts.

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Climb 1 73.01Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 07W CSA4 Boisvert & Fils Seaplane Base.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Heading variation -39.5 °-39.9 ° min to max -39.0 ° -39.9 -39.0 °
100 % Average speed 86 kn81 kn min to max 90 kn 81 90 kn
92 % Average bank angle 2.5 °0.7 ° min to max 5.0 ° 0.7 2.8 °
100 % Average g force 1.04 g0.89 g min to max 1.18 g 0.89 1.07 g
Info Average VSI 738 ft/m525 ft/m min to max 954 ft/m 525 954 ft/m
Info Average altitude 16 ft agl-4 ft agl min to max 48 ft agl -4 48 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 12.1 °4.4 ° min to max 15.2 ° 4.4 15.0 °

Events

Info Battery Master On 3 ft agl · 84 kt
Info Engine 1 Started 3 ft agl · 84 kt
Info Engine 2 Started 3 ft agl · 84 kt
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 84 kt
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 84 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 84 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 3 ft agl · 84 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 3 ft agl · 84 kt
Enroute Climb 88.29Enroute climb started 2 miles east of Terrebonne (Quebec, Canada). Climbing from 103 ft asl to 1,772 ft asl, an increase of 1,668 ft in 1 minutes and covering 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 108 kn90 kn min to max 170 kn 90 170 kn
73 % Average bank angle 9.3 °0.0 ° min to max 53.4 ° 2.7 1.5 °
90 % Average g force 1.04 g0.16 g min to max 1.58 g 1.07 0.79 g
Info Average VSI 1,528 ft/m433 ft/m min to max 3,556 ft/m 966 1,485 ft/m
Info Average altitude 628 ft asl103 ft asl min to max 1,772 ft asl 103 1,772 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 14.1 °3.1 ° min to max 26.3 ° 15.1 4.0 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Fail Bounce during liftoff 317 ft agl · 99 kt
Info Landing Gear Up 249 ft agl · 96 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 853 ft agl · 97 kt
Enroute Level 99.57Enroute level cruise started overhead CSA4 Boisvert and lasted less than 1 minute. , covering 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 1,932 ft asl1,789 ft asl min to max 2,134 ft asl 1,789 1,830 ft asl
100 % Average speed 204 kn173 kn min to max 236 kn 173 236 kn
100 % Average bank angle 4.5 °0.3 ° min to max 11.2 ° 1.5 9.3 °
96 % Average g force 0.96 g0.35 g min to max 1.28 g 0.93 1.00 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle -0.5 °-7.3 ° min to max 5.8 ° 3.9 -5.7 °
Enroute Descent 54.02Enroute descent started 1 mile south east of CSA4 Boisvert . Descent from 1,791 ft asl to 688 ft asl, a decrease of 1,103 ft in less than 1 minute. and covering 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Average speed 256 kn238 kn min to max 263 kn 238 258 kn
88 % Average bank angle 28.1 °0.7 ° min to max 45.9 ° 13.9 1.9 °
87 % Average g force 1.26 g0.94 g min to max 1.95 g 0.99 1.32 g
Info Average VSI -2,161 ft/m-3,033 ft/m min to max 790 ft/m -2,332 790 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,177 ft asl663 ft asl min to max 1,791 ft asl 1,791 688 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -4.7 °-7.5 ° min to max 2.6 ° -5.6 2.6 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Fail Exceeded 250 kn below 10000 ft 1,291 ft agl
Enroute Climb 2 59.97Enroute climb started overhead Saint-Leonard (Quebec, Canada). Climbing from 716 ft asl to 930 ft asl, an increase of 214 ft in less than 1 minute. and covering 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Average speed 180 kn147 kn min to max 256 kn 256 147 kn
100 % Average bank angle 2.6 °0.0 ° min to max 11.3 ° 2.7 1.3 °
99.7 % Average g force 0.99 g0.49 g min to max 1.34 g 1.34 1.11 g
Info Average VSI 485 ft/m-221 ft/m min to max 2,316 ft/m 1,395 -215 ft/m
Info Average altitude 923 ft asl716 ft asl min to max 975 ft asl 716 930 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 2.0 °0.1 ° min to max 5.9 ° 4.0 1.9 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Fail Exceeded 250 kn below 10000 ft 716 ft agl
Enroute Level 2 100.00Enroute level cruise started overhead Saint-Leonard (Quebec, Canada) and lasted less than 1 minute. , covering 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 1,052 ft asl932 ft asl min to max 1,084 ft asl 932 1,039 ft asl
100 % Average speed 135 kn131 kn min to max 146 kn 146 133 kn
100 % Average bank angle 3.3 °0.2 ° min to max 7.8 ° 1.1 0.9 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.84 g min to max 1.30 g 1.21 1.07 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 4.2 °1.8 ° min to max 7.6 ° 3.8 3.0 °
Enroute Climb 3 100.00Enroute climb started overhead Saint-Michel (Quebec, Canada). Climbing from 1,035 ft asl to 1,200 ft asl, an increase of 164 ft in less than 1 minute. and covering 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 130 kn123 kn min to max 135 kn 133 124 kn
100 % Average bank angle 2.8 °0.0 ° min to max 7.7 ° 0.6 0.8 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.81 g min to max 1.11 g 1.05 1.00 g
Info Average VSI 289 ft/m-258 ft/m min to max 872 ft/m -258 86 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,094 ft asl1,032 ft asl min to max 1,200 ft asl 1,035 1,200 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 5.3 °3.2 ° min to max 7.6 ° 3.2 4.4 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Descent 2 96.94Enroute descent started 1 mile north of Mont-Royal (Quebec, Canada). Descent from 1,201 ft asl to 734 ft asl, a decrease of 467 ft in 1 minutes and covering less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 142 kn125 kn min to max 154 kn 125 151 kn
100 % Average bank angle 21.2 °1.3 ° min to max 36.3 ° 1.3 36.3 °
69 % Average g force 1.19 g-0.57 g min to max 1.57 g 0.99 1.42 g
Info Average VSI -1,129 ft/m-4,009 ft/m min to max 79 ft/m 79 -801 ft/m
Info Average altitude 949 ft asl734 ft asl min to max 1,204 ft asl 1,201 734 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -0.6 °-21.8 ° min to max 4.4 ° 4.0 1.9 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 3 78.59Enroute level cruise started overhead Mont-Royal (Quebec, Canada) and lasted 2 minutes, covering 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 733 ft asl598 ft asl min to max 848 ft asl 734 694 ft asl
100 % Average speed 149 kn126 kn min to max 155 kn 151 140 kn
52 % Average bank angle 30.3 °0.0 ° min to max 63.8 ° 36.3 11.1 °
77 % Average g force 1.36 g0.59 g min to max 2.32 g 1.41 1.33 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 2.4 °-3.2 ° min to max 13.1 ° 1.9 2.4 °
Enroute Climb 4 99.94Enroute climb started overhead Mont-Royal (Quebec, Canada). Climbing from 688 ft asl to 961 ft asl, an increase of 273 ft in less than 1 minute. and covering 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 131 kn128 kn min to max 140 kn 140 130 kn
100 % Average bank angle 8.9 °0.3 ° min to max 28.4 ° 12.2 19.7 °
99 % Average g force 1.03 g0.90 g min to max 1.52 g 1.52 1.02 g
Info Average VSI 495 ft/m-613 ft/m min to max 1,401 ft/m -613 214 ft/m
Info Average altitude 861 ft asl688 ft asl min to max 961 ft asl 688 961 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 5.4 °2.8 ° min to max 9.4 ° 5.2 3.2 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Arrival 100.00Not counted in the flight scoreArrival started overhead Mont-Royal (Quebec, Canada).
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 122 kn91 kn min to max 138 kn 130 91 kn
100 % Average bank angle 10.0 °0.5 ° min to max 27.4 ° 18.8 2.8 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.89 g min to max 1.21 g 0.90 1.02 g
Info Average VSI -801 ft/m-1,351 ft/m min to max 245 ft/m 159 -894 ft/m
Info Average altitude 721 ft asl363 ft asl min to max 976 ft asl 963 363 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -1.4 °-4.3 ° min to max 4.3 ° 2.4 -0.2 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Landing Gear Down 801 ft agl · 138 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 739 ft agl · 139 kt
Info Flaps Position 3 692 ft agl · 140 kt
Arrival Final 1 97.57Approaching runway 24L at CYUL Montreal\/Pierre-Elliott-Trudeau from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 246 ft agl to 61 ft agl. A decrease of 185 ft in 14 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
88 % Approach angle 3.3 °3.2 ° min to max 4.0 °Target 3.0 ° 4.0 3.3 °
100 % Average speed 86 kn84 kn min to max 90 kn 90 84 kn
100 % Heading variation -0.2 °-0.4 ° min to max -0.2 ° -0.4 -0.2 °
100 % Average bank angle 1.3 °0.1 ° min to max 2.3 ° 1.2 1.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.95 g min to max 1.06 g 0.95 1.00 g
Info Average VSI -639 ft/m-907 ft/m min to max -499 ft/m -907 -499 ft/m
Info Average altitude 93 ft agl61 ft agl min to max 246 ft agl 246 61 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 2.4 °-0.6 ° min to max 3.4 ° -0.6 3.0 °
00.250.50.751050100150200Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-50-38-25-13013253850Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Landing 93.34Landing on runway 24L at CYUL Montreal\/Pierre-Elliott-Trudeau, runway length 2,925 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed at 84 kn was well below target, take care not to stall.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
74 % Threshold speed at 84 kn was well below target, take care not to stall. Target 105 kn
99 % Landing and flare profile
100 % Heading variation -0.1 °-0.1 ° min to max -0.1 ° -0.1 -0.1 °
100 % Average bank angle 1.1 °0.0 ° min to max 2.1 ° 1.0 1.8 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.95 g min to max 1.04 g 1.00 0.95 g
Info Average speed 81 kn77 kn min to max 84 kn 84 77 kn
Info Average VSI -375 ft/m-497 ft/m min to max -233 ft/m -497 -257 ft/m
Info Average altitude 24 ft agl2 ft agl min to max 54 ft agl 54 2 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 4.9 °2.9 ° min to max 6.5 ° 3.0 6.5 °
07515022530037545001123344657Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150225300375450-30-24-18-12-60612182430Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 97.34Touchdown distance was good at 416 m. Touchdown speed at 77 kn was good. Touchdown rate was fair at -257 ft/m. Runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 3.6 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 22 °C. Wind 11 kn at 80 °. Crosswind: 7 kn Tailwind: 9 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
95 % Touchdown VSI was -257 ft/m.
100 % Touchdown distance was 416 mTarget 457 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 77 knTarget 97 kn
98 % Runway alignment max 3.57 m3.10 m right -3.57 -2.48 m
80 % Average bank angle 2.4 °0.4 ° min to max 4.2 ° 1.8 4.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.16 g0.95 g min to max 1.30 g 0.95 1.07 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 76 kn75 kn min to max 77 kn 77 75 kn
Info Average pitch angle 3.9 °1.5 ° min to max 6.5 ° 6.5 1.5 °
Arrival Rollout 98.13Total landing distance 709 m, 24 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was very good.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 709 m24 % of runway.
96 % Runway alignment max 6.51 m4.19 m left to 2.32 m right -2.32 4.19 m
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.98 g min to max 1.10 g 1.05 1.00 g
Info Average speed 76 kn45 kn min to max 84 kn 84 45 kn
Info Average pitch angle 0.8 °0.2 ° min to max 1.3 ° 1.2 0.2 °
Info Average bank angle 1.1 °0.0 ° min to max 3.9 ° 3.9 0.5 °
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 13 kn
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 17 kn0 kn min to max 35 kn 35 0 kn
Info Average pitch angle -0.1 °-0.4 ° min to max 0.5 ° -0.1 0.5 °
Info Average bank angle 0.7 °0.2 ° min to max 1.3 ° 0.2 0.2 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.02 g 1.00 1.02 g

Events

Info Parking Brake On 3 ft agl
Info Parking Brake Off 3 ft agl

Takeoff

73.01Rate of climb737 fpm

The approach to CYUL 24L

The final from 4 nm.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.

Inside the glideslope band from 4 nm to the threshold, never more than 820 ft below the slope.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.

5001,0001,5002,0002,500 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 2° BAND504646853816551284
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height there

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.

Joined 307 m right of the centreline, then inside it from 3.7 to 3.5 nm, then drifted 825 m left between 3.5 and 0.7 nm, then 34 m right of it from 0.7 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR305 m L0305 m RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND307 m R558 m L824 m L565 m L105 m L34 m R
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the band

Landing and touchdown on CYUL 24L

Over the threshold

Threshold height100.00
53ft
Threshold speed74.32
83kt
Centreline offset100.00
0.04m R

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
419m
Centreline98.09
3.57m R
Speed100.00
76kt
Touchdown rate94.58
-257fpm
Impact100.00
1.30G
BouncesOk
None
The crosswind

6 kt across from the left, which takes about 4° of crab to hold the centreline at 77 kt. Touched down with the nose 5° into wind, wings level.

Wind 080° at 11 kt · 9 kt tail · 6 kt across

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

The stop

From 86 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 11 s, an average deceleration of 0.29 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

02040608010060 kt · 212 m30 kt · 328 mtouchdown341 mkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 53 ft, close to the 50 ft target. Touched down 419 m in, 114 m past the ideal 305 m.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,524 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

53 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 −257 fpm · 6.5° nose up · 77 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 53 ft, down at 419 m

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 480 fpm at 52 ft to 260 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 3.5° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,0000°5°10°touchdown−257 fpm at touchdown6.5° at touchdown
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 2,925 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down 2.5 m right of the centreline, and stayed about there down the rollout, 3.6 m right at the widest.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

5001,0001,500 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ CROSS 6 kn FULL SCORE TO 503 M 419 m past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 419 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 686 m of 2,925 m · 23 %
In the air over the runway, 419 mRollout, 267 m Left over, 2,238 m
Rollout distance100.00
267m23 % used
Rollout alignment95.83
4.19m L

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