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LEPP
Pamplona, Spain
Elevation1,496 ft asl
Weight2,472 kg
Fuel364 kg
Wind270° · 1 kn

Flight Score

81.16 %
LEPP
Pamplona, Spain
Elevation1,466 ft asl
Weight2,473 kg
Fuel327 kg
Wind269° · 1 kn
21 Sep 2026 0:08 4 nm Airbus H145 37 kg
Departure Score
77.33 %
Enroute Score
96.08 %
Arrival Score
70.06 %

What went well

No sideways movement at touchdown
Hover height held within 1 ft
Approach kept its airspeed on the way down — no fast, slow descent

What held you back

Departure Transition — Sank at up to 552 fpm while accelerating away at 10 %, bank angle up to 36.9 ° at 27 %, −7.56 points
Arrival Approach — bank angle up to 65.8 ° at 0 %, Fastest descent 3,095 fpm at 0 %, −5.83 points
Arrival Touchdown — Touched down at 485 fpm at 29 %, −2.37 points

Next time

Departure

Lower the nose no further than 15° and add a little collective as the speed builds.

What happened: The nose went down by up to 22° to accelerate, and the helicopter sank at up to 552 fpm. A steep nose-down attitude trades height for speed, and sink is what usually follows.

Watch for: Attitude: nose no lower than 15°; vertical speed level or climbing.

See Departure Transition

Arrival

Hold the descent to 800 fpm or less on the approach, so the landing starts from a rate that is already under control.

What happened: The approach reached 3,095 fpm of descent and the helicopter met the ground at 485 fpm. A steep approach leaves a lot of descent to stop in little height, and a firm touchdown is what usually follows.

Watch for: Vertical speed: no more than 800 fpm on the approach.

See Arrival ApproachArrival Touchdown

As you push the cyclic forward, the rotor's lift tilts forward and less of it supports the helicopter. Until you reach effective translational lift, the helicopter will tend to sink, so add a little collective as the cyclic goes forward, and accelerate gently.

Read more in Basics of helicopter flight

Start to finish · 9 stages, 9 scored

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Hover 100.00Lifted into the hover and held it for 2 minutes, on average 4 ft above the spot, moving 133 ft over the ground.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Moved over the ground at 1.8 kt on averageFull marks up to 5.0 kt
100 % Height held within 1 ftFull marks within 4 ft
100 % Steepest bank 1 °Full marks up to 6 °
Info Average height above the spot 4 ft2 ft min to max 6 ft 2 6 ft
Info Average ground speed 2 kt1 kt min to max 3 kt 1 2 kt
Info Average VSI 3 fpm-1 fpm min to max 7 fpm 7 2 fpm
Info Average pitch angle 1.5 °-1.1 ° min to max 3.7 ° 3.7 -1.1 °
Info Average bank angle 0.8 °0.3 ° min to max 1.4 ° 0.5 1.4 °
Info Average g force 1.01 g0.98 g min to max 1.02 g 0.98 1.02 g

Events

Fail Bounce during liftoff 8 ft agl
20 ft40 ft60 ftNLift-offClimb away
Seen from above, north up. Rings are distance from the lift-off point.
02460 s50 s100 s
Height above the ground, ft. The band is 4 ft either side of the average, 4.5 ft: a hover that stays inside it is steady.
Departure Transition 100.00Accelerated away from 34 kt to 60 kt, reaching 47 ft above the spot in 5 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Steepest bank 1 °Full marks up to 15 °
100 % Sank at up to 94 fpm while accelerating awayFull marks up to 100 fpm
100 % Nose down by up to 14 °Full marks up to 15 °
Info Average height above the spot 47 ft44 ft min to max 48 ft 44 47 ft
Info Average ground speed 47 kt34 kt min to max 60 kt 34 60 kt
Info Average airspeed 33 kt22 kt min to max 44 kt 22 44 kt
Info Average VSI 35 fpm-94 fpm min to max 140 fpm 140 -94 fpm
Info Average pitch angle -13.2 °-13.5 ° min to max -12.7 ° -12.7 -13.4 °
Info Average bank angle 1.2 °0.8 ° min to max 1.4 ° 0.8 1.0 °
Info Average g force 1.01 g0.98 g min to max 1.05 g 1.01 1.05 g
Enroute Level 99.98Enroute level cruise started overhead LEPP Pamplona Airport Pamplona (Navarra, Spain) and lasted 2 minutes, covering 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±577 ft of 1,810 ft asl1,544 ft asl min to max 2,056 ft asl 1,545 1,843 ft asl
100 % Average speed 44 kt10 kt min to max 57 kt 44 52 kt
100 % Average bank angle 1.6 °0.0 ° min to max 9.3 ° 1.0 0.1 °
99.8 % Average g force 1.09 g0.90 g min to max 1.48 g 1.06 1.00 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle -1.0 °-17.9 ° min to max 9.2 ° -13.3 -0.6 °
Arrival Approach 78.72The approach began 333 ft above the landing spot at 54 kt and slowed to 3 kt in 2.8 minutes, covering 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Steepest bank 13 °Full marks up to 20 °
56 % Fastest descent 1,329 fpmFull marks up to 800 fpm
89 % 10 % of the approach descending fast with little airspeedMore than 300 fpm down below 30 kt is where a helicopter can settle into its own downwash. Full marks up to 5 %
77 % Nose up by up to 18 °Full marks up to 15 °
Info Average height above the spot 313 ft98 ft min to max 485 ft 333 98 ft
Info Average ground speed 28 kt0 kt min to max 54 kt 54 3 kt
Info Average airspeed 27 kt1 kt min to max 52 kt 52 4 kt
Info Average VSI -98 fpm-1,329 fpm min to max 603 fpm 80 -1,329 fpm
Info Average pitch angle 0.9 °-11.1 ° min to max 18.4 ° -0.6 5.8 °
Info Average bank angle 2.8 °0.0 ° min to max 12.7 ° 0.1 1.0 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.76 g min to max 1.17 g 1.00 0.93 g
010020030040002,0004,0006,000Steepest, 1,329 fpm down

Height above the landing spot against distance to run, both in ft. is where it was below 30 kt and descending faster than 300 fpm - slow and sinking, which is what the settling mark counts.

Arrival Touchdown 100.00Touched down at 5 fpm with 0 kt over the ground.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Touched down at 5 fpmFull marks up to 200 fpm
100 % Sideways at touchdown 0.0 ktFull marks up to 1.0 kt
100 % Forward at touchdown 0.0 ktFull marks up to 5.0 kt
Info Average height above the spot 5 ft0 ft min to max 11 ft 11 0 ft
Info Average ground speed 0 kt0 kt min to max 0 kt 0 0 kt
Info Average VSI -3 fpm-5 fpm min to max 0 fpm -5 0 fpm
Info Average pitch angle 0.6 °0.2 ° min to max 1.0 ° 1.0 0.2 °
Info Average bank angle 1.0 °0.1 ° min to max 2.0 ° 2.0 0.1 °
Info Average g force 0.98 g0.97 g min to max 1.00 g 0.97 1.00 g
Departure Transition 31.98Accelerated away from 13 kt to 63 kt, reaching 245 ft above the spot in 8 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
27 % Steepest bank 37 °Full marks up to 15 °
10 % Sank at up to 552 fpm while accelerating awayFull marks up to 100 fpm
67 % Nose down by up to 22 °Full marks up to 15 °
Info Average height above the spot 178 ft52 ft min to max 245 ft 52 245 ft
Info Average ground speed 38 kt13 kt min to max 63 kt 13 63 kt
Info Average airspeed 19 kt6 kt min to max 32 kt 6 32 kt
Info Average VSI 722 fpm-552 fpm min to max 1,336 fpm 651 -552 fpm
Info Average pitch angle -12.0 °-21.6 ° min to max -7.9 ° -9.0 -21.6 °
Info Average bank angle 23.5 °3.4 ° min to max 36.9 ° 3.4 36.9 °
Info Average g force 0.92 g0.70 g min to max 1.12 g 1.12 0.70 g
Enroute Level 2 92.18Enroute level cruise started overhead Baranain (Navarra, Spain) and lasted less than 1 minute. , covering less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±583 ft of 1,599 ft asl1,503 ft asl min to max 1,683 ft asl 1,656 1,683 ft asl
100 % Average speed 97 kt39 kt min to max 118 kt 39 118 kt
82 % Average bank angle 20.1 °0.7 ° min to max 49.2 ° 39.9 42.0 °
95 % Average g force 1.12 g0.62 g min to max 1.56 g 0.87 1.20 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle -5.9 °-26.2 ° min to max 3.4 ° -26.2 -2.4 °
Arrival Approach 30.00The approach began 226 ft above the landing spot at 125 kt and slowed to 19 kt in 33 seconds, covering 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Steepest bank 66 °Full marks up to 20 °
0 % Fastest descent 3,095 fpmFull marks up to 800 fpm
100 % 0 % of the approach descending fast with little airspeedMore than 300 fpm down below 30 kt is where a helicopter can settle into its own downwash. Full marks up to 5 %
0 % Nose up by up to 44 °Full marks up to 15 °
Info Average height above the spot 139 ft5 ft min to max 269 ft 226 27 ft
Info Average ground speed 105 kt19 kt min to max 145 kt 125 19 kt
Info Average airspeed 107 kt27 kt min to max 137 kt 118 27 kt
Info Average VSI -323 fpm-3,095 fpm min to max 1,789 fpm 123 -1,153 fpm
Info Average pitch angle -4.6 °-44.2 ° min to max 44.4 ° -6.1 2.4 °
Info Average bank angle 18.8 °1.4 ° min to max 65.8 ° 24.7 5.5 °
Info Average g force 0.95 g-0.30 g min to max 2.16 g 0.98 0.53 g
010020030002,0004,0006,000Steepest, 3,095 fpm down

Height above the landing spot against distance to run, both in ft. is where it was below 30 kt and descending faster than 300 fpm - slow and sinking, which is what the settling mark counts.

Arrival Touchdown 71.52Touched down at 485 fpm with 0 kt over the ground.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
29 % Touched down at 485 fpmFull marks up to 200 fpm
100 % Sideways at touchdown 0.0 ktFull marks up to 1.0 kt
100 % Forward at touchdown 0.0 ktFull marks up to 5.0 kt
Info Average height above the spot 0 ft0 ft min to max 1 ft 1 0 ft
Info Average ground speed 8 kt0 kt min to max 17 kt 17 0 kt
Info Average VSI -583 fpm-1,236 fpm min to max -26 fpm -1,236 -26 fpm
Info Average pitch angle 1.6 °0.4 ° min to max 4.1 ° 4.1 0.4 °
Info Average bank angle 7.4 °0.0 ° min to max 18.0 ° 18.0 0.0 °
Info Average g force 1.54 g1.00 g min to max 2.36 g 2.36 1.00 g
0204060-15 s-10 s-5 scontact
Height above the ground, ft, against time to contact. It met the ground at 485 fpm.
5 kt1 ktNose
Movement over the ground at contact, nose up. It was not moving over the ground. Inside the 1 kt ring sideways is full marks.

2 landings

Every landing in this flight

The flight is kept as it was recorded: it ends when the engine is shut down, so a landing with the rotors turning is a stop along the way, not a new flight.

# Where Into flight Touchdown Ground speed Sideways On the ground
1 Baranain (Navarra, Spain) 8:56 5 ft/min 0.0 kt 0.0 kt 0:29
2 LEPP · Pamplona Airport 10:56 485 ft/min 0.0 kt 0.0 kt End of flight

Lift-off & hover

The last lift-off of 2 - each has its own stage above.

100.00Hover heightsteady within 1 ft
100.00Hover drift1.8 kt
100.00Hover bank1°
9.60Sink moving off552 fpm
66.80Nose down22°

Approach

The last approach of 2 - each has its own stage above.

0.00Steepest descent3,095 fpm
100.00Slow and sinking0 %
0.00Bank66°
0.00Nose up44°

Touchdown

The last landing of 2 - each has its own stage above.

28.80Rate at contact485 fpm
100.00Sideways drift0.0 kt
100.00Forward speed0.0 kt

Landing 2 of 2

Hover, approach and touchdown

The last lift-off and the last landing. The other landing has the same drawings in its own stages above.

Hover100.00

20 ft40 ft60 ftNLift-offClimb away
Seen from above, north up. Rings are distance from the lift-off point.
02460 s50 s100 s
Height above the ground, ft. The band is 4 ft either side of the average, 4.5 ft: a hover that stays inside it is steady.

Approach30.00

010020030002,0004,0006,000Steepest, 3,095 fpm down

Height above the landing spot against distance to run, both in ft. is where it was below 30 kt and descending faster than 300 fpm - slow and sinking, which is what the settling mark counts.

Touchdown71.52

0204060-15 s-10 s-5 scontact
Height above the ground, ft, against time to contact. It met the ground at 485 fpm.
5 kt1 ktNose
Movement over the ground at contact, nose up. It was not moving over the ground. Inside the 1 kt ring sideways is full marks.

The rest of the report

Explore in detail

Flight narrative

The aircraft, an Airbus H145, entered level cruise overhead LEPP Pamplona Airport in Pamplona, Navarra, Spain. The cruise segment persisted for 5 minutes and covered a distance of 2 nm before proceeding to the next phase of the flight.

During the landing phase the helicopter touched down at Pamplona Airport. The touchdown speed was recorded at 2 kt and the vertical speed was minus 5 fpm. Contact with the runway occurred before the threshold. Ambient conditions at the time were a temperature of 17 °C, wind from 271° at 2 kt, providing a cross-wind component of 2 kt and no head-wind component.

In summary, the flight encompassed a total distance of 5 nm, required 8 minutes from departure to stop, and consumed 37 kg of fuel.

Flight map
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