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MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Arrival
Fly a slightly steeper approach path to cross the threshold at 50 ft agl instead of 82 ft agl.
What happened: The aircraft crossed the threshold at 82 ft agl against a 50 ft agl target, above the normal profile. This fault pattern is often followed by a long touchdown beyond the target point, and here the aircraft touched down at 1,207 m against a 457 m target.
Watch for: Radio altimeter against the 50 ft threshold crossing target on short final.
Ground effect becomes significant below about one wingspan of height. A Cessna 172, with a 36 ft span, enters ground effect at flare height - the float it feels in the hold-off is ground effect arriving on cue. An A320, with a span around 117 ft, has been in ground effect since before the threshold and there is no sudden cushion to feel, only a gradual reduction in induced drag that lengthens any float you allow.
Read more in Flare TimingStart to finish · 16 stages, 14 in the score
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Taxi out
The roll
Rotated late
The nose came up at 96 kt, 11 kt after the 85 kt rotate speed.
The pull started after the rotate speed had gone by. Bring the airspeed into the scan as it approaches the rotate speed, so the pull starts on the number rather than when you notice it has passed.
Liftoff and climb
Plan view the roll down the 2,497 m runway.
Rolled from 56 m in, drifted left of the centreline, 2.2 m at the widest, and lifted off 2.3 m left. Airborne 27 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 896 ft.
Reached 35 ft with 1,473 m of runway left; gear up at 40 ft, inside the 400 ft that gets full marks; then climbing at 1,360 fpm on average to 896 ft.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The dark stretch of the roll is the run with the nose up and the wheels still on, with its length and time under the runway. The gear-up ring is coloured by its mark. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.
Speed and pitch from brake release to the end of the climb, against time.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The dashed green line is the speed to rotate at for this aircraft at its weight, and the green dot is where the nose started to come up. The grey band is the run between the nose coming up and the wheels leaving the runway. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then. The grey dashed line across the pitch is the attitude held from 35 ft to the end: a nose held steady is a climb speed that holds, and the airspeed trace sits directly above it to compare. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.
One stabilised approach gate: five checks where the approach path is 500 ft above the runway. The 1,000 ft gate was not assessed, because the approach did not join final that far out. These checks are the approach's score.
At the 500 ft gate: speed more than 26 kt above the approach speed of 85 kt.
Still turning onto final at the lower gate, so the centreline and wings level are not asked there - the aeroplane was not lined up yet, and was banked because it was turning. The other checks are marked as usual.
When the approach was stable
Never every check met at once: banked until 1.4 nm, sinking too fast until 1.1 nm, left of the centreline until 0.2 nm, fast from 0.6 nm to the threshold.
Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.
The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.
Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.
Inside the glideslope band from 1.8 nm, where the final began, to the threshold, never more than 210 ft above the slope.
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.
Joined 463 m left of the centreline at 1.8 nm, then inside it from 1.3 to 0.9 nm, then drifted 34 m left between 0.9 and 0.2 nm, then inside the band from 0.2 nm to the threshold.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 43 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 26 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.
Outside the speed band 3 times; furthest +72 kt at 1.8 nm.
Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.
Over the threshold
The flare mostly held the target profile
The flare was pumped rather than held: pitch changed direction 6 times on the way down. Touchdown was 1,207 m past the threshold. One smooth continuous input - chasing the runway with the elevator makes the next correction bigger, not smaller.
Touchdown
Rollout
Taxi in
Side view — the last 1,935 m of the approach.
Crossed the threshold at 81 ft, 31 ft above the 50 ft target; began the flare at 39 ft; ballooned 6 ft from 2 ft. Touched down 1,207 m in, 903 m past the ideal 305 m.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,935 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
From the flare the descent stopped and turned into a climb of 240 fpm before coming down at 30 fpm to touch. The nose came up 1.2° on the way down. Into the flare at 90 kt, 5 kt over the 85 kt approach speed, and 81 kt at touchdown.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the first 1,935 m of the 2,698 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down on the centreline, and stayed about there down the rollout, 3.1 m right at the widest. Little crosswind (1 kt): nothing to correct for. Touched down with the nose 2° left of the track, wings level.
Wind 270° at 2 kt · 1 kt head · 1 kt across
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way. The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. The sentence gives the nose against the direction you were actually moving as the wheels touched, and the steepest bank as they touched, the figure the touchdown's Bank tile marks. The rest of it is shown for reading, not marked.
Touched down 1,207 m past the threshold — beyond the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.
The stop — touchdown to taxi speed.
From 82 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 35 s, an average deceleration of 0.08 g.
Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.
The rest of the report
The TBM 850 taxied to runway 22 at RJTT Tokyo Haneda International Airport and commenced the departure roll, achieving a takeoff distance of 699 m (28 % of the runway) and lifting off at 98 kt. Local conditions were 16 °C with a wind of 2 kt from 270°, a 2 kt cross-wind component and a 1 kt head-wind.
Climb began approximately 1 mile south-west of RJTT, where the aircraft rose from 974 ft asl to 3 673 ft asl, an increase of 2 699 ft in 2 minutes while covering 4 nm.
The first level cruise segment started 2 miles south of Kawasaki and continued for 16 minutes, during which 64 nm were flown.
Descent commenced 2 miles east of RJA3 Ryugasaki, descending from 4 472 ft asl to 3 897 ft asl, a loss of 575 ft in 2 minutes over a distance of 6 nm.
A second cruise phase originated 4 miles east of Inashiki, lasting 2 minutes and covering 6 nm.
The next descent started 7 miles south of RJAH Ibaraki Airport / JASDF Hyakuri Air Base Omitama, dropping from 3 207 ft asl to 541 ft asl, a reduction of 2 666 ft in 4 minutes across 11 nm.
During final approach to runway 21L at RJAH, the aircraft descended from 771 ft agl to 91 ft agl in 60 seconds and successfully scored on the stabilisation gates.
Landing on runway 21L, whose length is 2 698 m, occurred with a threshold height of 82 ft agl that was significantly above target and a threshold speed of 95 kt slightly above target. Touchdown was recorded 773 m beyond the touchdown zone at a speed of 81 kt, with a touchdown rate of minus 54 fpm and perfect runway-alignment. Local weather was 15 °C with a wind of 2 kt from 270°, a 2 kt cross-wind and a 1 kt head-wind. The total landing distance measured 1 836 m (68 % of the runway).
The rollout proceeded with very good alignment along the runway centreline.
Taxi-in to the parking area required 1 minute and covered less than 1 nm.
In total, the flight covered 96 nm, lasted 30 minutes and consumed 86 kg of fuel.
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