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KALB
Albany, United States
Runway 28
Elevation0 ft asl
Fuel481 lbs

Flight Score

86.14 %
KALB
Albany, United States
Runway 28
Elevation276 ft asl
Weight2,470 lbs
Fuel473 lbs
14 Aug 2023 0:07 8 nm Piper PA-24-250 Comanche 8 lbs
Departure Score
90.47 %
Pattern Score
86.02 %
Arrival Score
81.93 %

What went well

Touchdown 739 ft in — inside the full-score zone
Straight touchdown — 12.6 ft off the centreline, no bounce

What held you back

Arrival Final 1 — Approach angle 3.5 ° at 0 %, Heading variation 0.3 ° at 85 %, −2.00 points
Arrival Landing — Threshold speed at 59 kn was well below target, take care not to stall. at 62 %, Landing and flare profile at 76 %, −1.96 points
Departure Climb 2 — scored 90.00 %, −1.67 points

Top opportunity

Hold the approach angle

Arrival Final 1

Preparing for a stable approach will give you time to decide on whether to attempt the landing or going around. Too much altitude with a high sink rate will result in carrying too much speed onto the runway. Configuring flaps and the gear late also won't help the speed decay.

Read more in The Stabilised Approach

Start to finish · 13 stages, 13 scored

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Climb 1 90.93Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 28 KALB Albany Intl.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
93 % Heading variation -1.4 °-1.6 ° min to max -0.8 ° -0.8 -1.4 °
100 % Average speed 54 kn47 kn min to max 56 kn 47 56 kn
85 % Average bank angle 4.3 °0.1 ° min to max 7.7 ° 1.3 2.5 °
63 % Average g force 0.87 g0.11 g min to max 1.14 g 0.29 0.88 g
Info Average VSI 464 ft/m328 ft/m min to max 535 ft/m 328 535 ft/m
Info Average altitude 16 ft agl-1 ft agl min to max 44 ft agl -1 44 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 11.4 °6.4 ° min to max 12.8 ° 6.4 12.7 °

Events

Info Battery Master On 4 ft agl · 59 kt
Info Engine 1 Started 4 ft agl · 59 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 4 ft agl · 59 kt
Departure Climb 2 90.00Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 28 KALB Albany Intl.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 55 kn55 kn min to max 56 kn 56 55 kn
100 % Average bank angle 1.9 °0.1 ° min to max 4.8 ° 2.5 4.8 °
100 % Average g force 0.87 g0.86 g min to max 0.89 g 0.88 0.87 g
Info Average VSI 546 ft/m536 ft/m min to max 549 ft/m 536 543 ft/m
Info Average altitude 68 ft agl56 ft agl min to max 79 ft agl 56 79 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 12.9 °12.7 ° min to max 13.3 ° 12.7 13.3 °
Pattern Entry 70.27Left hand pattern entry from runway 28 KALB Albany Intl. Distance was less than 1 nm in 58 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
34 % Climb speed 59 kn55 kn min to max 67 knTarget 90 kn 55 67 kn
100 % Average bank angle 5.5 °0.0 ° min to max 26.7 ° 5.2 26.7 °
100 % Average g force 0.88 g0.83 g min to max 1.00 g 0.87 1.00 g
Info Average VSI 485 ft/m-117 ft/m min to max 933 ft/m 542 -117 ft/m
Info Average altitude 209 ft agl79 ft agl min to max 522 ft agl 79 517 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 11.4 °3.2 ° min to max 14.3 ° 13.3 3.2 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Up 476 ft agl · 70 kt
Pattern Crosswind 100.00Left hand pattern crosswind from runway 28 KALB Albany Intl. Distance was 2 nm in 97 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading -2.1 °-178.2 ° min to max 18.6 ° 18.6 -178.2 °
100 % Average speed 74 kn64 kn min to max 83 kn 69 75 kn
100 % Average g force 0.91 g0.79 g min to max 1.07 g 0.97 0.94 g
Info Average VSI 378 ft/m-292 ft/m min to max 1,364 ft/m -151 59 ft/m
Info Average altitude 938 ft agl510 ft agl min to max 1,186 ft agl 514 1,185 ft agl
Info Average bank angle 1.9 °0.0 ° min to max 22.4 ° 22.4 3.4 °
Info Average pitch angle 5.7 °1.8 ° min to max 12.3 ° 2.6 3.3 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 3 890 ft agl · 85 kt
Pattern Downwind Turn 70.00Pattern Downwind Turn. Distance was 2 nm. Angle to runway (45 degrees) 82.1 °.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Angle to runway (45 degrees) 82.1 °.
100 % Average speed 79 kn76 kn min to max 80 kn 76 78 kn
100 % Average bank angle 18.6 °9.0 ° min to max 21.2 ° 19.4 9.0 °
100 % Average g force 0.97 g0.94 g min to max 1.01 g 0.94 0.95 g
Info Average VSI 86 ft/m-99 ft/m min to max 470 ft/m 64 470 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,197 ft agl1,187 ft agl min to max 1,223 ft agl 1,198 1,223 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 3.2 °1.8 ° min to max 5.8 ° 2.7 5.8 °
Pattern Downwind 78.10Pattern Downwind Leg. Distance was 2 nm in 93 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
96 % Heading -5.6 °-88.2 ° min to max 0.5 ° -7.3 -14.9 °
31 % Average altitude 1,361 ft agl1,232 ft agl min to max 1,461 ft agl 1,232 1,461 ft agl
100 % Average speed 74 kn71 kn min to max 78 kn 77 77 kn
100 % Average g force 0.91 g0.77 g min to max 0.97 g 0.94 0.94 g
Info Average VSI 164 ft/m-220 ft/m min to max 576 ft/m 514 14 ft/m
Info Average bank angle 1.8 °0.0 ° min to max 13.3 ° 2.5 13.3 °
Info Average pitch angle 3.7 °1.0 ° min to max 6.7 ° 6.3 2.9 °
Pattern Base Leg Turn 88.14Pattern Base Leg Turn. Distance was 3 nm. Angle to runway (45 degrees) 59.9 °.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
60 % Angle to runway (45 degrees) 59.9 °.
100 % Average speed 76 kn72 kn min to max 78 kn 77 72 kn
100 % Average bank angle 13.2 °8.0 ° min to max 16.7 ° 13.7 8.0 °
100 % Average g force 0.93 g0.88 g min to max 0.97 g 0.93 0.90 g
Info Average VSI 100 ft/m16 ft/m min to max 352 ft/m 20 189 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,472 ft agl1,462 ft agl min to max 1,498 ft agl 1,462 1,498 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 3.4 °2.9 ° min to max 5.0 ° 2.9 3.6 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Down 1,368 ft agl · 85 kt
Pattern Base Leg 95.62Pattern Base Leg. Distance was 2 nm in 74 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
90 % Heading 6.5 °-16.8 ° min to max 12.9 ° 12.9 -16.8 °
100 % Average speed 72 kn67 kn min to max 76 kn 72 73 kn
100 % Average g force 0.90 g0.83 g min to max 0.97 g 0.88 0.88 g
Info Average VSI -393 ft/m-940 ft/m min to max 121 ft/m 121 -495 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,263 ft agl973 ft agl min to max 1,500 ft agl 1,500 973 ft agl
Info Average bank angle 2.3 °0.0 ° min to max 12.4 ° 4.9 12.1 °
Info Average pitch angle -0.1 °-4.0 ° min to max 3.2 ° 3.2 -1.3 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 6 1,281 ft agl · 80 kt
Pattern Final Turn 100.00Pattern Final Turn. Distance was less than 1 nm in 25 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 72 kn71 kn min to max 74 kn 74 71 kn
100 % Average bank angle 10.7 °9.3 ° min to max 11.9 ° 11.9 9.9 °
100 % Average g force 0.91 g0.87 g min to max 0.95 g 0.90 0.90 g
Info Average VSI -521 ft/m-758 ft/m min to max -398 ft/m -487 -758 ft/m
Info Average altitude 863 ft agl734 ft agl min to max 965 ft agl 965 734 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -1.6 °-4.0 ° min to max -0.1 ° -1.0 -4.0 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 9 813 ft agl · 80 kt
Arrival Final 2 83.25Approaching runway 28 at KALB Albany Intl from 2 nm to 1 nm. Descent from 721 ft agl to 570 ft agl. A decrease of 150 ft in 11 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
55 % Approach angle 5.3 °5.2 ° min to max 5.4 °Target 3.4 ° 5.4 5.2 °
100 % Average speed 73 kn72 kn min to max 74 kn 72 74 kn
100 % Heading variation -0.2 °-0.4 ° min to max 0.3 ° -0.4 0.3 °
84 % Average bank angle 2.2 °0.1 ° min to max 8.9 ° 8.9 1.0 °
100 % Average g force 0.91 g0.87 g min to max 0.92 g 0.90 0.87 g
Info Average VSI -820 ft/m-890 ft/m min to max -756 ft/m -795 -771 ft/m
Info Average altitude 643 ft agl570 ft agl min to max 721 ft agl 721 570 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -4.0 °-4.6 ° min to max -3.3 ° -4.3 -4.1 °
11.251.51.752500550600650700Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft11.251.51.752-150-113-75-3803875113150Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment ft
Arrival Final 1 76.00Approaching runway 28 at KALB Albany Intl from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 557 ft agl to 42 ft agl. A decrease of 514 ft in 39 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Approach angle 3.5 °2.2 ° min to max 5.2 °Target 3.4 ° 5.2 2.2 °
100 % Average speed 65 kn59 kn min to max 75 kn 74 59 kn
85 % Heading variation 0.3 °0.2 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.3 0.4 °
95 % Average bank angle 1.2 °0.0 ° min to max 4.7 ° 3.1 1.5 °
100 % Average g force 0.94 g0.85 g min to max 1.07 g 0.90 1.03 g
Info Average VSI -723 ft/m-910 ft/m min to max -589 ft/m -798 -589 ft/m
Info Average altitude 161 ft agl42 ft agl min to max 557 ft agl 557 42 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -1.7 °-4.9 ° min to max 2.3 ° -4.0 2.3 °
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350400450500Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-140-105-70-3503570105140Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment ft
Arrival Landing 76.46Landing on runway 28 at KALB Albany Intl, runway length 5,991 ft. Good threshold height. Threshold speed at 59 kn was well below target, take care not to stall.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
62 % Threshold speed at 59 kn was well below target, take care not to stall. Target 70 kn
70 % Target 50 ft agl
76 % Landing and flare profile
94 % Heading variation 0.4 °0.2 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.4 0.2 °
100 % Average bank angle 1.2 °0.3 ° min to max 1.5 ° 1.5 0.3 °
100 % Average g force 0.96 g0.84 g min to max 1.10 g 1.07 0.97 g
Info Average speed 56 kn46 kn min to max 59 kn 59 46 kn
Info Average VSI -418 ft/m-583 ft/m min to max -227 ft/m -583 -227 ft/m
Info Average altitude 23 ft agl-1 ft agl min to max 32 ft agl 32 -1 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 3.8 °2.4 ° min to max 8.6 ° 2.8 8.6 °
025050075001123344657Runway Distance ftLanding Height ft0250500750-80-64-48-32-1601632486480Runway Distance ftRunway Width ft
Arrival Touchdown 92.00Touchdown distance was good at 729 ft. Touchdown speed at 46 kn was good. Touchdown rate was fair at -227 ft/m. Runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 16 ft from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 60 °F. Wind 1 kn at 269 °. Crosswind: 0 kn Headwind: 1 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
81 % Touchdown VSI was -227 ft/m.
100 % Touchdown distance was 729 ftTarget 1,500 ft
100 % Speed at touchdown 46 knTarget 55 kn
88 % Runway alignment max 16.1 ft14.2 ft left 16.1 12.6 ft
100 % Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.3 0.7 °
68 % Average g force 0.51 g0.19 g min to max 0.97 g 0.97 0.19 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 45 kn45 kn min to max 46 kn 46 45 kn
Info Average pitch angle 9.7 °8.6 ° min to max 11.3 ° 8.6 11.3 °

Takeoff

90.93Rate of climb463 fpm

Landing

The threshold, the flare and the hold-off. The approach that led to it is the stabilisation gates below.

70.13Threshold height31 ft
61.70Threshold speed59 kt
93.93Centreline offset0.4 ft L

The stabilisation gates

One stabilised approach gate for a circuit: five checks where the approach path is 500 ft above the runway. The 1,000 ft gate is an instrument-approach check and does not apply.

Five checks, one gate500 ft
Gear down
Sink rate
On glideslope
On centreline
On speed

Touchdown on KALB 28

Past threshold100.00
739ft
Centreline88.33
12.6ft L
Speed100.00
46kt
Touchdown rate81.40
-227fpm
Impact68.00
0.97G
BouncesOk
None

Side view — the last 5,000 ft of the approach.

31 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft 80 ft400 Ideal — 50 ft, down at 1,000 ft This flight — 31 ft, down at 739 ft

Plan view — the first 5,000 ft of the 5,991 ft runway, to the same scale as the side view.

1,0002,0003,0004,0005,000 THRESHOLD FULL SCORE TO 1,650 FT 739 ft past threshold CLEARED

The 739 ft touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The 0.97 G arrival is the firm side of smooth.

Runway used 739 ft of 5,991 ft · 12 %

The rest of the report

Explore in detail

Flight map
Replay this flight in 3D The full flight path over the terrain with every stage, event and score along the route.
Takeoff report
Takeoff on runway 28 at KALB Albany Intl in the Piper PA-24 Comanche
90.47 %
90.93 %
Climb 1
Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 28 KALB Albany Intl.
Alignment
93.33 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
60 50 40
Bank °
85.03 %
8 4 0
G
63.43 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
13 9.5 6
Climb Rate fpm
Info
600 250 -100
90 %
Climb 2
Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 28 KALB Albany Intl.
Alignment
0 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
60 55 50
Bank °
100 %
5 2.5 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
14 13 12
Climb Rate fpm
Info
600 500 400
01,0002,00001326395265 Runway Distance ft Height at End of Runway ft
00.030.070.10.140.1701631476278 Climb Distance NM Climb Profile to 1,000 ft
00.030.070.10.140.17-200-160-120-80-4004080120160200 Climb Distance NM Runway Alignment in (ft) to 1,000 ft
Landing report
Landing on runway 28 at KALB Albany Intl in the Piper PA-24 Comanche
Landing Score 81.49 %
83.25 %
Final 2
Approaching runway 28 at KALB Albany Intl from 2 nm to 1 nm. Descent from 721 ft agl to 570 ft agl. A decrease of 150 ft in 11 seconds.
Glideslope
54.86 %
Poor descent path above glideslope limit
Heading
100 %
Excellent heading alignment
Glideslope °
54.86 %
4 3 2
IAS kt
100 %
74 72 70
Alignment
100 %
0.5 0 -0.5
Bank °
83.95 %
9 4.5 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Descent Rate fpm
Info
-756 -828 -900
11.251.51.752500550600650700 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Height ft
11.251.51.752-150-113-75-3803875113150 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Runway Alignment ft
76 %
Final 1
Approaching runway 28 at KALB Albany Intl from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 557 ft agl to 42 ft agl. A decrease of 514 ft in 39 seconds.
Glideslope
0 %
Poor descent path above glideslope limit
Heading
84.64 %
Good heading alignment
Glideslope °
0 %
4 3 2
IAS kt
100 %
75 63 50
Alignment
84.64 %
0.5 0 -0.5
Bank °
95.38 %
5 2.5 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Descent Rate fpm
Info
-589 -795 -1,000
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350400450500 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Height ft
00.250.50.751-140-105-70-3503570105140 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Runway Alignment ft
76.46 %
Landing
Landing on runway 28 at KALB Albany Intl, runway length 5,991 ft. Good threshold height. Threshold speed at 59 kn was well below target, take care not to stall.
Height
70.13 %
Good threshold height. Target 50 ft agl
Speed
61.7 %
Threshold speed at 59 kt was well below target, take care not to stall. Target 76 kt
Flare
76.45 %
Good landing flare
Centreline ft
93.93 %
100 0 -100
Bank °
100 %
2 1 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
59 50 40
Pitch °
Info
9 5.5 2
Descent Rate fpm
Info
-230 -415 -600
025050075001123344657 Runway Distance ft Landing Height ft
0250500750-80-64-48-32-1601632486480 Runway Distance ft Runway Width ft
92 %
Touchdown
Touchdown distance was good at 729 ft. Touchdown speed at 46 kn was good. Touchdown rate was fair at -227 ft/m. Runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 16 ft from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 60 °F. Wind 1 kn at 269 °. Crosswind: 0 kn Headwind: 1 kn.
Touchdown
81.4 %
Touchdown rate was fair at -227 fpm.
Speed
100 %
Touchdown speed at 46 kt was good. Target below 51 kn
Distance
100 %
Touchdown distance was good at 729 ft.
Alignment
88.33 %
Runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 16 ft from centreline.
Bank
100 %
Bank angle 0.4 °
G
68 %
G 0.51 g
Bounce
100 %
No Bounce Detected
Metrics
Metrics

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