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KDET
Detroit, United States
Runway 33
Elevation623 ft asl
Weight1,057 kg
Fuel108 kg
Wind190° · 7 kn · 5 kn cross

Flight Score

91.40 %
KARB
Ann Arbor, United States
Runway 06
Elevation830 ft asl
Weight1,044 kg
Fuel95 kg
Wind200° · 6 kn · 3 kn cross
16 Mar 2024 0:30 42 nm Piper PA-24-250 Comanche 13 kg
Departure Score
93.98 %
Enroute Score
94.64 %
Arrival Score
83.22 %

What went well

Touched down at -86 fpm — a soft arrival
Touchdown 207 m in — inside the full-score zone
Straight touchdown — 0.52 m off the centreline, no bounce

What held you back

Arrival Landing — Landing and flare profile at 10 %, Threshold speed was a little below target at 59 kn at 90 %, −2.70 points
Arrival Final 1 — Approach angle 2.8 ° at 3 %, bank angle up to 11.2 ° at 78 %, −1.71 points
Enroute Climb — g force 0.25 to 1.48 g at 71 %, bank angle up to 48.1 ° at 84 %, −1.04 points

Next time

Work on the flare

See Arrival Landing

You crossed the threshold slow. Without the speed there is little energy left to round out with, so the flare comes up short and the touchdown tends to be firm - and that feels exactly like flaring too late. Resist the fix that feels natural, flaring earlier: it bleeds off more speed and makes the next landing firmer still. Fly the approach speed all the way to the threshold, and the flare has something to work with.

Read more in Flare Timing

Start to finish · 15 stages, 13 in the score

The flight story

The approach before the go-around was abandoned. Its marks are shown, but only the approach that landed counts.

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 100.00Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 3 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 12 kn0 kn min to max 20 kn 0 6 kn
100 % Average speed turning corners 13 knmax 16 kn 0 0 kn
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.89 g min to max 1.11 g 0.99 0.99 g
100 % Beacon, navigation and taxi lights on
Info Average pitch angle 3.7 °2.8 ° min to max 4.2 ° 3.2 3.4 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.0 0.1 °

Events

Info Landing Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 5 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 6 kt
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 6 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 3 ft agl · 6 kt
Info Parking Brake On 3 ft agl · 6 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 3 ft agl · 6 kt
Departure Roll 84.91Departure roll runway 33 at KDET Coleman A Young Muni. Takeoff distance 1,259 m 81 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 70 kn. Local weather - Temperature 4 °C. Wind 7 kn at 190 °. Crosswind: 5 kn Tailwind: 5 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
75 % Takeoff distance 1,259 m81 % of runway
100 % Liftoff speed was 70 knTarget 70 kn
94 % Runway alignment max 4.62 m4.62 m left to 0.00 m left 2.08 4.62 m
61 % Average g force 0.49 g0.06 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 0.06 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 3.1 °2.7 ° min to max 4.0 ° 3.6 3.6 °
Info Average bank angle 0.7 °0.0 ° min to max 2.1 ° 0.1 1.0 °

Events

Fail Taxi Light ON should OFF
Info Parking Brake On 3 ft agl
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 3 ft agl
Info Parking Brake Off 3 ft agl
Departure Climb 1 96.00Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 33 KDET Coleman A Young Muni.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.8 °-1.0 ° min to max -0.7 ° -1.0 -0.7 °
100 % Average speed 80 kn70 kn min to max 85 kn 70 85 kn
100 % Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 1.2 ° 0.8 1.2 °
60 % Average g force 0.96 g0.05 g min to max 1.15 g 0.05 1.10 g
Info Average VSI 490 ft/m294 ft/m min to max 784 ft/m 294 784 ft/m
Info Average altitude 16 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 46 ft agl 0 46 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 5.9 °3.6 ° min to max 9.3 ° 3.6 9.3 °
Departure Climb 2 97.01Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 33 KDET Coleman A Young Muni.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.5 °-0.7 ° min to max 0.7 ° -0.7 0.7 °
100 % Average speed 85 kn84 kn min to max 88 kn 85 88 kn
98 % Average bank angle 1.6 °0.2 ° min to max 2.9 ° 1.3 1.1 °
76 % Average g force 0.98 g0.33 g min to max 1.11 g 1.08 0.33 g
Info Average VSI 1,117 ft/m802 ft/m min to max 1,419 ft/m 802 1,068 ft/m
Info Average altitude 112 ft agl47 ft agl min to max 364 ft agl 47 364 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 10.4 °8.1 ° min to max 11.6 ° 9.4 8.4 °

Events

Fail Bounce during liftoff 246 ft agl · 88 kt
Info Landing Gear Up 81 ft agl · 88 kt
Departure Climb 3 91.98Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 33 KDET Coleman A Young Muni.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 1.5 °0.7 ° min to max 3.2 ° 0.7 3.2 °
100 % Average speed 93 kn90 kn min to max 94 kn 91 91 kn
71 % Average bank angle 6.3 °0.3 ° min to max 13.0 ° 0.3 13.0 °
78 % Average g force 0.80 g0.36 g min to max 0.86 g 0.84 0.74 g
100 % Landing gear up
Info Average VSI 1,552 ft/m1,163 ft/m min to max 1,823 ft/m 1,163 1,660 ft/m
Info Average altitude 591 ft agl403 ft agl min to max 802 ft agl 403 802 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 11.0 °8.7 ° min to max 12.6 ° 8.7 11.6 °
Enroute Climb 90.66Enroute climb started overhead KDET Coleman A Young Muni Detroit (Michigan, United States). Climbing from 1,457 ft asl to 6,165 ft asl, an increase of 4,709 ft in 6 minutes and covering 6 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 103 kn88 kn min to max 142 kn 90 100 kn
84 % Average bank angle 15.0 °0.1 ° min to max 48.1 ° 13.9 0.8 °
71 % Average g force 0.85 g0.25 g min to max 1.48 g 0.78 0.51 g
Info Average VSI 752 ft/m127 ft/m min to max 1,649 ft/m 1,649 768 ft/m
Info Average altitude 2,856 ft asl1,457 ft asl min to max 6,165 ft asl 1,457 6,165 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 5.4 °1.4 ° min to max 11.4 ° 11.4 3.3 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Taxi Lights Switched Off 3,011 ft agl · 105 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched Off 3,022 ft agl · 105 kt
Enroute Level 98.80Enroute level cruise started 2 miles south west of Highland Park (Michigan, United States) and lasted 12 minutes, covering 28 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 6,139 ft asl6,114 ft asl min to max 6,170 ft asl 6,155 6,136 ft asl
100 % Average speed 148 kn111 kn min to max 153 kn 111 151 kn
100 % Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 2.9 ° 0.0 0.1 °
88 % Average g force 0.77 g0.54 g min to max 1.07 g 0.83 0.75 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle -0.7 °-2.9 ° min to max 5.0 ° 0.6 -0.8 °

Events

Info Landing Lights Switched Off 5,258 ft agl · 161 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 5,258 ft agl · 161 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 5,263 ft agl · 160 kt
Enroute Descent 94.46Enroute descent started 1 mile south west of Ann Arbor (Michigan, United States). Descent from 5,942 ft asl to 2,654 ft asl, a decrease of 3,288 ft in 3 minutes and covering 4 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 117 kn76 kn min to max 151 kn 151 76 kn
100 % Average bank angle 14.2 °0.3 ° min to max 28.9 ° 0.7 25.8 °
45 % Average g force 0.77 g-0.22 g min to max 1.06 g -0.22 0.77 g
Info Average VSI -1,413 ft/m-4,095 ft/m min to max 153 ft/m -4,095 -1,635 ft/m
Info Average altitude 4,317 ft asl2,654 ft asl min to max 5,942 ft asl 5,942 2,654 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -5.7 °-20.8 ° min to max -0.3 ° -20.8 -2.1 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Landing Lights Switched On 3,929 ft agl · 129 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 2,803 ft agl · 128 kt
Info Flaps Position 3 2,654 ft agl · 109 kt
Info Flaps Position 6 2,625 ft agl · 106 kt
Info Flaps Position 9 2,590 ft agl · 103 kt
Arrival 97.38Not counted in the flight scoreArrival started 1 mile south west of Ann Arbor (Michigan, United States).
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 73 kn58 kn min to max 84 kn 75 82 kn
97 % Average bank angle 13.1 °0.6 ° min to max 32.5 ° 25.4 11.2 °
92 % Average g force 0.82 g0.61 g min to max 1.19 g 0.78 1.19 g
Info Average VSI -1,363 ft/m-1,730 ft/m min to max -869 ft/m -1,641 -1,334 ft/m
Info Average altitude 2,004 ft asl1,400 ft asl min to max 2,627 ft asl 2,627 1,400 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -5.3 °-9.0 ° min to max 4.0 ° -2.7 -2.7 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Arrival Final 1 74.28Approaching runway 06 at KARB Ann Arbor Mun from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 557 ft agl to 22 ft agl. A decrease of 535 ft in 35 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
3 % Approach angle 2.8 °1.4 ° min to max 5.5 °Target 3.0 ° 5.4 1.4 °
100 % Average speed 61 kn58 kn min to max 80 kn 80 59 kn
93 % Heading variation -0.1 °-0.6 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.6 0.1 °
78 % Average bank angle 2.6 °0.0 ° min to max 11.2 ° 9.3 1.8 °
94 % Average g force 0.94 g0.65 g min to max 1.29 g 0.90 0.94 g
Info Average VSI -715 ft/m-1,272 ft/m min to max -396 ft/m -996 -666 ft/m
Info Average altitude 110 ft agl22 ft agl min to max 557 ft agl 557 22 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -2.0 °-8.1 ° min to max 2.3 ° -2.7 -0.1 °
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350400450500550Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-40-30-20-10010203040Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Landing 59.46Landing on runway 06 at KARB Ann Arbor Mun, runway length 1,051 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was a little below target at 59 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
90 % Threshold speed was a little below target at 59 kn. Target 70 kn
10 % Landing and flare profile
100 % Heading variation 0.0 °0.0 ° min to max 0.1 ° 0.1 0.0 °
100 % Average bank angle 0.8 °0.0 ° min to max 1.8 ° 1.8 0.2 °
99 % Average g force 0.85 g0.73 g min to max 1.05 g 0.91 0.81 g
Info Average speed 54 kn49 kn min to max 59 kn 59 49 kn
Info Average VSI -263 ft/m-665 ft/m min to max -67 ft/m -665 -84 ft/m
Info Average altitude 5 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 17 ft agl 17 0 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 3.1 °0.5 ° min to max 4.9 ° 0.5 3.8 °
07515022501223354658Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150225-15-12-9-6-303691215Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 97.73Touchdown distance was good at 206 m. Touchdown speed at 49 kn was good. Touchdown rate was excellent at -84 ft/m. Runway touchdown alignment was perfect. Local weather - Temperature -1 °C. Wind 6 kn at 200 °. Crosswind: 3 kn Tailwind: 5 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
96 % Touchdown VSI was -84 ft/m.
100 % Touchdown distance was 206 mTarget 457 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 49 knTarget 55 kn
100 % Runway alignment max 0.54 m0.23 m right 0.02 -0.52 m
100 % Average bank angle 0.8 °0.1 ° min to max 1.3 ° 0.2 1.3 °
73 % Average g force 0.54 g0.27 g min to max 0.82 g 0.81 0.27 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 49 kn48 kn min to max 49 kn 49 48 kn
Info Average pitch angle 4.4 °3.8 ° min to max 5.2 ° 3.8 5.2 °
Arrival Rollout 94.65Total landing distance 455 m, 43 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was very good.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 455 m43 % of runway.
97 % Runway alignment max 4.14 m0.20 m left to 3.94 m right -0.59 0.05 m
61 % Average g force 0.25 g0.07 g min to max 0.73 g 0.23 0.73 g
Info Average speed 56 kn33 kn min to max 60 kn 60 33 kn
Info Average pitch angle 3.7 °2.4 ° min to max 5.2 ° 5.2 2.6 °
Info Average bank angle 1.1 °0.0 ° min to max 1.9 ° 1.4 0.3 °
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 1 kn
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 15 kn9 kn min to max 26 kn 26 17 kn
Info Average pitch angle 3.5 °2.2 ° min to max 4.1 ° 2.2 3.8 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.0 0.2 °
Info Average g force 0.99 g0.85 g min to max 1.11 g 0.88 1.03 g

Events

Info Flaps Position 6 3 ft agl · 8 kt
Info Flaps Position 3 3 ft agl · 9 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 3 ft agl · 9 kt
Arrival Taxi 90.00Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 1 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 12 kn5 kn min to max 19 kn 17 6 kn
100 % Average speed turning corners 11 knmax 15 kn 0 0 kn
100 % Average g force 1.04 g0.92 g min to max 1.18 g 1.00 0.94 g
Info Average pitch angle 3.6 °2.7 ° min to max 4.0 ° 3.5 3.7 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.2 0.1 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights ON should be OFF
Fail Taxi Light OFF should be ON
Info Parking Brake On 3 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Engine 1 Stopped 3 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Navigation Lights Switched Off 3 ft agl · 2 kt

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Lifted off at 69 kt with 3.6° of pitch.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.

120 kt8040020°10°0°LIFTOFF3.6° off8° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH0306090120150 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchClimb 3

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 m 0 kt 3.6° 0 s
Liftoff303 m 69 kt 3.6° 139 s
35 ft544 m · 5.3 s after liftoff 85 kt 8.4° 144 s
End of Climb 32,141 m · 802 ft 91 kt 11.6° 177 s

Takeoff from KDET 33

Takeoff roll100.00
271m17 %
Liftoff speed100.00
69kt
Runway alignment94.28
4.62m L
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Rate of climb96.00
489fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 802 ft.

Reached 35 ft with 1,035 m of runway left; then climbing at 1,260 fpm on average to 802 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.

1,000 ft500 ft0CLIMB 3THRESHOLDRUNWAY END30405060KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLLiftoff 69 kt
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runwayClimb 3

Plan view the roll down the 1,550 m runway.

Rolled from the start of the runway, drifted left of the centreline, 4.6 m at the widest, and lifted off 4.7 m left, in 5 kn of crosswind from the left. Airborne 17 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

5001,0001,500THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓CROSS5 kn75 %widest 4.65 m LAirborne 274 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 274 m of 1,550 m · 18 %
Takeoff roll, 274 m Left ahead, 1,276 m

The approach to KARB 06

The final from 4 nm.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.

High from 1.9 nm, where the final began, to 0.6 nm (up to 840 ft over), then back on it to the threshold.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.

5001,0001,5002,0002,500 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 2° BAND1,4991,164697313
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height there

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.

Joined 627 m right of the centreline at 1.9 nm.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR305 m L0305 m RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND556 m R482 m R64 m R15 m R
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the band

Landing and touchdown on KARB 06

Over the threshold

Threshold height38.56
17ft
Threshold speed89.81
58kt
Centreline offset100.00
0.02m L

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
207m
Centreline100.00
0.52m R
Speed100.00
49kt
Touchdown rate96.39
-86fpm
Impact72.57
0.82G
BouncesOk
None
The crosswind

3 kt across from the right, which takes about 3° of crab to hold the centreline at 49 kt. Touched down with the nose 4° into wind, wings level.

Wind 200° at 6 kt · 5 kt tail · 3 kt across

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

The stop

From 61 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 11 s, an average deceleration of 0.16 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

02040608060 kt · 18 m30 kt · 265 mtouchdown275 mkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

Side view — the last 1,051 m of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 17 ft, 33 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 207 m in, 98 m short of the ideal 305 m.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,051 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

17 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 −84 fpm · 3.8° nose up · 49 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 17 ft, down at 207 m

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 590 fpm at 16 ft to 80 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 3.3° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,0000°5°10°touchdown−84 fpm at touchdown3.8° at touchdown
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the full 1,051 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down on the centreline, and stayed about there down the rollout, 3.6 m right at the widest.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

5001,000 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ CROSS 3 kn FULL SCORE TO 503 M 207 m past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 207 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The 0.82 G arrival is the firm side of smooth.

Runway used 436 m of 1,051 m · 41 %
In the air over the runway, 207 mRollout, 229 m Left over, 615 m
Rollout distance100.00
229m41 % used
Rollout alignment96.76
3.94m R

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