YMMB to YMMB Flight Report - Cessna Skyhawk

Flight from YMMB to YMMB

Wednesday, 18 December 2024 19:08

Minutes 5

5 nm

Fuel 1 kg

Cessna Skyhawk

Departure

Runway 17L at YMMB

Melbourne Moorabbin Airport

Melbourne, State of Victoria, Australia

Altitude

39 ft asl

Weight

993 kg

Fuel

72 kg

Temperature

20 °C

Wind Speed

20 kt

Wind Direction

162.8 °

Headwind

19 kt

Crosswind

4 kt

Arrival

Runway 17L at YMMB

Melbourne Moorabbin Airport

Melbourne State of Victoria, Australia

39 ft asl

Altitude

992 kg

Weight

70 kg

Fuel

18 °C

Temperature

17 kt

Wind Speed

162.3 °

Wind Direction

17 kt

Headwind

4 kt

Crosswind

Flight Score 85.3%

Pattern Score 85.01%

Departure Score 90.72%

Arrival Score 80.18%

The Cessna Skyhawk took off from runway 17L at YMMB Melbourne Moorabbin Airport, covering a distance of 310 meters, which is 35% of the runway length. The aircraft lifted off at a speed of 82 knots, and the local weather conditions at the time of takeoff were a temperature of 19°C and a wind speed of 20 knots from a direction of 162°. The crosswind component was 5 knots, while the headwind component was 19 knots.

After takeoff, the pilot entered a left-hand pattern, navigating the aircraft in a series of turns and legs to prepare for landing. The pattern entry from runway 17L was completed in less than 1 nautical mile in 33 seconds, and the crosswind leg was covered in 26 seconds. The downwind turn was made at an angle of 73.4° to the runway, and the downwind leg itself was 2 nautical miles long, taking 65 seconds to complete.

As the pilot began the base leg turn, the aircraft covered a distance of 1 nautical mile at an angle of 44.1° to the runway. The base leg itself was less than 1 nautical mile long and took 35 seconds to complete. The final turn was made in less than 1 nautical mile in 54 seconds, and the aircraft began its final approach to runway 17L from the north, heading 181.0° at an altitude of 127 feet above ground level.

The landing on runway 17L was completed at a speed of 74 knots, which was well above the target threshold speed. The touchdown distance was 399 meters, which was considered good, and the touchdown speed was 46 knots, also within acceptable limits. However, the touchdown rate was firm at -311 feet per minute, and the runway touchdown position was significantly misaligned by 15.7 meters from the centerline.

The total landing distance was 517 meters, which is 59% of the runway length. The runway rollout alignment was also misaligned by 17.7 meters from the centerline. Despite these minor issues, the pilot managed to complete the landing safely and efficiently, using a total of 5 nautical miles of distance and 1 kilogram of fuel.

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Flight Stages YMMB to YMMB

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Departure Roll

82.17 %

Departure roll runway 17L at YMMB Melbourne Moorabbin Airport. Takeoff distance 310 m 35 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 82 kn. Local weather - Temperature 19 °C. Wind 20 kn at 162 °. Crosswind: 5 kn Headwind: 19 kn.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Takeoff distance 310 m 35 % of runway
46.72 %	Liftoff speed was 82 kn Target 62 kn
89.11 %	Runway alignment max 6.04 m 6.04 m left to 0.00 m left	6.04		2.16 m
100 %	Average g force 1.00 g 0.98 g min to max 1.22 g	0.99		1.22 g
100 %	Takeoff Bounce
Info	Average pitch angle 0.8 ° -0.2 ° min to max 5.6 °	-0.2		5.6 °
Info	Average bank angle 0.3 ° 0.0 ° min to max 1.0 °	0.4		1.0 °
Info	Battery Master On at 19:08:06
Info	Engine 1 Started at 19:08:06
Info	Beacon Lights Switched On at 19:08:06
Info	Navigation Lights Switched On at 19:08:06
Info	Strobe Lights Switched On at 19:08:06
Info	Taxi Lights Switched On at 19:08:06
Info	Landing Gear Down at 19:08:06
0 %	Landing Lights at 19:08:05

Departure Climb 1

100 %

Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 17L YMMB Melbourne Moorabbin Airport.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Heading variation -0.0 ° -0.1 ° min to max 0.0 °	-0.1		0.0 °
100 %	Average speed 83 kn 79 kn min to max 86 kn	83		80 kn
100 %	Average bank angle 1.0 ° 0.6 ° min to max 1.3 °	1.0		0.6 °
100 %	Average g force 1.08 g 0.94 g min to max 1.30 g	1.25		0.99 g
Info	Average VSI 646 fpm 396 fpm min to max 752 fpm	396		752 fpm
Info	Average altitude 22 ft agl 1 ft agl min to max 47 ft agl	1		47 ft agl
Info	Average pitch angle 7.9 ° 5.9 ° min to max 8.7 °	5.9		8.3 °

Departure Climb 2

90 %

Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 17L YMMB Melbourne Moorabbin Airport.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Average speed 82 kn 72 kn min to max 88 kn	80		72 kn
100 %	Average bank angle 1.4 ° 0.3 ° min to max 4.0 °	0.5		2.8 °
100 %	Average g force 1.03 g 0.93 g min to max 1.12 g	0.97		0.93 g
Info	Average VSI 869 fpm 745 fpm min to max 1,298 fpm	753		1,298 fpm
Info	Average altitude 81 ft agl 48 ft agl min to max 234 ft agl	48		234 ft agl
Info	Average pitch angle 9.7 ° 7.9 ° min to max 13.2 °	8.2		12.8 °

Pattern Entry

100 %

Left hand pattern entry from runway 17L YMMB Melbourne Moorabbin Airport. Distance was less than 1 nm in 33 seconds.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Average speed 76 kn 67 kn min to max 86 kn	71		71 kn
100 %	Average bank angle 11.1 ° 0.1 ° min to max 36.7 °	6.5		33.9 °
100 %	Average g force 1.00 g 0.88 g min to max 1.22 g	0.90		1.06 g
Info	Average VSI 1,087 fpm 342 fpm min to max 1,527 fpm	1,251		342 fpm
Info	Average altitude 575 ft agl 255 ft agl min to max 842 ft agl	255		842 ft agl
Info	Average pitch angle 11.9 ° 7.9 ° min to max 16.7 °	11.3		7.9 °

Pattern Crosswind

88.69 %

Left hand pattern crosswind from runway 17L YMMB Melbourne Moorabbin Airport. Distance was less than 1 nm in 26 seconds.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
79.06 %	Heading -8.1 ° -24.3 ° min to max -0.5 °	-2.5		-24.3 °
100 %	Average speed 87 kn 71 kn min to max 107 kn	73		72 kn
81.14 %	Average g force 1.02 g 0.74 g min to max 1.58 g	0.96		0.87 g
Info	Average VSI 776 fpm -874 fpm min to max 3,378 fpm	162		1,002 fpm
Info	Average altitude 895 ft agl 736 ft agl min to max 1,197 ft agl	844		1,197 ft agl
Info	Average bank angle 10.0 ° 0.1 ° min to max 28.7 °	28.7		28.1 °
Info	Average pitch angle 8.3 ° -3.5 ° min to max 24.8 °	7.2		6.0 °

Pattern Downwind Turn

71.94 %

Pattern Downwind Turn. Distance was 1 nm. Angle to runway (45 degrees) 73.4 °.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
6.45 %	Angle to runway (45 degrees) 73.4 °.
100 %	Average speed 89 kn 73 kn min to max 95 kn	73		92 kn
100 %	Average bank angle 13.0 ° 2.0 ° min to max 26.8 °	26.8		11.2 °
100 %	Average g force 1.00 g 0.66 g min to max 1.17 g	0.66		0.96 g
Info	Average VSI 424 fpm -682 fpm min to max 1,228 fpm	415		-133 fpm
Info	Average altitude 1,247 ft agl 1,152 ft agl min to max 1,345 ft agl	1,200		1,340 ft agl
Info	Average pitch angle 4.6 ° -1.5 ° min to max 9.9 °	2.0		-0.4 °

Pattern Downwind

52.68 %

Pattern Downwind Leg. Distance was 2 nm in 65 seconds.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
0 %	Heading -23.2 ° -80.4 ° min to max 20.7 °	20.7		-79.0 °
42.28 %	Average altitude 1,309 ft agl 1,181 ft agl min to max 1,488 ft agl	1,334		1,294 ft agl
100 %	Average speed 91 kn 65 kn min to max 108 kn	93		71 kn
100 %	Average g force 1.03 g 0.72 g min to max 1.28 g	0.95		1.03 g
Info	Average VSI -58 fpm -1,216 fpm min to max 1,512 fpm	-287		-38 fpm
Info	Average bank angle 9.1 ° 0.5 ° min to max 45.2 °	3.5		1.1 °
Info	Average pitch angle 2.2 ° -4.8 ° min to max 13.3 °	-0.9		3.5 °
Info	Flaps Position 2 at 19:10:48

Pattern Base Leg Turn

100 %

Pattern Base Leg Turn. Distance was 1 nm. Angle to runway (45 degrees) 44.1 °.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Angle to runway (45 degrees) 44.1 °.
100 %	Average speed 72 kn 71 kn min to max 72 kn	72		71 kn
100 %	Average bank angle 6.3 ° 3.4 ° min to max 8.0 °	3.4		8.0 °
100 %	Average g force 1.03 g 0.97 g min to max 1.07 g	1.04		0.97 g
Info	Average VSI 171 fpm 41 fpm min to max 330 fpm	41		330 fpm
Info	Average altitude 1,301 ft agl 1,295 ft agl min to max 1,310 ft agl	1,295		1,310 ft agl
Info	Average pitch angle 4.6 ° 4.3 ° min to max 5.1 °	4.3		4.4 °

Pattern Base Leg

81.79 %

Pattern Base Leg. Distance was less than 1 nm in 35 seconds.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
60.73 %	Heading -10.9 ° -47.7 ° min to max 20.8 °	20.2		-28.4 °
100 %	Average speed 69 kn 53 kn min to max 79 kn	70		66 kn
94.57 %	Average g force 1.00 g 0.31 g min to max 1.20 g	1.01		1.02 g
0 %		0		0 fpm
Info	Average altitude 1,326 ft agl 1,265 ft agl min to max 1,398 ft agl	1,315		1,325 ft agl
Info	Average bank angle 8.2 ° 0.3 ° min to max 31.8 °	4.6		3.4 °
Info	Average pitch angle 3.0 ° -6.0 ° min to max 16.3 °	5.0		-5.8 °
Info	Flaps Position 3 at 19:11:29

Pattern Final Turn

100 %

Pattern Final Turn. Distance was less than 1 nm in 54 seconds.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Average speed 77 kn 69 kn min to max 85 kn	69		79 kn
100 %	Average bank angle 7.3 ° 0.2 ° min to max 18.9 °	5.3		8.2 °
100 %	Average g force 1.00 g 0.55 g min to max 1.25 g	1.07		1.11 g
Info	Average VSI -1,283 fpm -2,372 fpm min to max -830 fpm	-1,053		-973 fpm
Info	Average altitude 722 ft agl 140 ft agl min to max 1,308 ft agl	1,308		140 ft agl
Info	Average pitch angle -7.8 ° -15.2 ° min to max -3.0 °	-4.7		-3.2 °

Arrival Final 1

92.11 %

Approaching runway 17L at YMMB Melbourne Moorabbin Airport from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 127 ft agl to 79 ft agl. A decrease of 49 ft in 3 seconds.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
87.39 %	Approach angle 4.9 ° 4.7 ° min to max 5.3 ° Target 3.0 °	5.3		4.7 °
100 %	Average speed 71 kn 68 kn min to max 81 kn	81		74 kn
96 %	Heading variation -0.4 ° -0.6 ° min to max 0.1 °	0.1		-0.6 °
77.16 %	Average bank angle 6.6 ° 1.3 ° min to max 11.7 °	11.7		6.0 °
100 %	Average g force 0.93 g 0.90 g min to max 1.07 g	1.00		0.96 g
Info	Average VSI -768 fpm -834 fpm min to max -677 fpm	-821		-834 fpm
Info	Average altitude 91 ft agl 79 ft agl min to max 127 ft agl	127		79 ft agl
Info	Average pitch angle -4.1 ° -4.6 ° min to max -2.6 °	-4.0		-4.0 °

Arrival Landing

64.94 %

Landing on runway 17L at YMMB Melbourne Moorabbin Airport, runway length 875 m. Threshold height at 71 ft agl was well above target. Threshold speed was well above target at 74 kn.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
86.51 %	Threshold speed was well above target at 74 kn. Target 63 kn
60.64 %	Target 47 ft agl
41.86 %	Landing and flare profile
48.4 %	Heading variation -0.7 ° -1.8 ° min to max -0.1 °	-0.6		-1.8 °
78.51 %	Average bank angle 6.2 ° 0.0 ° min to max 10.4 °	6.0		1.5 °
100 %	Average g force 1.03 g 0.72 g min to max 1.34 g	0.98		1.01 g
Info	Average speed 58 kn 43 kn min to max 74 kn	74		46 kn
Info	Average VSI -339 fpm -856 fpm min to max 114 fpm	-840		-311 fpm
Info	Average altitude 23 ft agl -3 ft agl min to max 71 ft agl	71		-3 ft agl
Info	Average pitch angle 2.6 ° -3.8 ° min to max 8.7 °	-3.8		5.4 °
Info	Stall Warning Activated at 19:12:55
Info	Stall Warning Deactivated at 19:12:56

Arrival Touchdown

87.75 %

Touchdown distance was good at 399 m. Touchdown speed at 46 kn was good. Touchdown rate was firm at -311 fpm. Runway touchdown position was significantly misaligned by 15.7 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 18 °C. Wind 17 kn at 162 °. Crosswind: 4 kn Headwind: 17 kn.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
92.73 %	Touchdown VSI was -311 fpm.
100 %	Touchdown distance was 399 m Target 444 m
100 %	Speed at touchdown 46 kn Target 53 kn
53.98 %	Runway alignment max 15.67 m 15.25 m right	-14.82		-15.67 m
89.43 %	Average bank angle 2.0 ° 0.6 ° min to max 3.1 °	1.5		3.1 °
100 %	Average g force 1.25 g 1.01 g min to max 1.50 g	1.01		1.14 g
80 %	Landing Bounce
Info	Average speed 47 kn 46 kn min to max 48 kn	46		47 kn
Info	Average pitch angle 6.1 ° 5.4 ° min to max 7.8 °	5.4		7.8 °

Arrival Rollout

75.94 %

Total landing distance 517 m, 59 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was misaligned by 17.7 m from centreline.

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
100 %	Landing distance 517 m 59 % of runway.
46.52 %	Runway alignment max 17.72 m 0.00 m left to 17.72 m right	-15.76		-6.98 m
100 %	Average g force 1.01 g 0.77 g min to max 1.15 g	1.14		1.00 g
Info	Average speed 35 kn 31 kn min to max 39 kn	39		31 kn
Info	Average pitch angle 2.4 ° 0.3 ° min to max 8.7 °	8.1		0.3 °
Info	Average bank angle 1.1 ° 0.1 ° min to max 3.3 °	3.1		0.2 °

Runway Exit

Exiting runway, average speed 18 kn

Score	Description	Start	Profile	End
Info	Average speed 18 kn 4 kn min to max 30 kn	30		4 kn
Info	Average pitch angle -0.2 ° -1.0 ° min to max 0.3 °	0.3		-1.0 °
Info	Average bank angle 0.1 ° 0.0 ° min to max 0.3 °	0.1		0.1 °
Info	Average g force 1.00 g 1.00 g min to max 1.01 g	1.01		1.00 g
Info	Parking Brake On at 19:13:40
Info	Engine 1 Stopped at 19:13:51

Takeoff on runway 17L at YMMB Melbourne Moorabbin Airport in the Cessna Skyhawk

90.72 %

82.17 %

Takeoff Roll

Takeoff Distance

88.11 %

Roll distance of 310 m using 35.45 % of runway

Liftoff Speed

46.72 %

Liftoff speed was 82 kn - Target 62 kn

Alignment

89.11 %

6.04 m left to 0.00 m left

Bounce

100 %

No Bounce Detected

Strobe Lights

100 %

Switched On

Landing Lights

0 %

Switched On

100 %

Speed

Info

Bank

Info

Pitch

Info

100 %

Climb 1

Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 17L YMMB Melbourne Moorabbin Airport.

Heading

100 %

Speed

100 %

Bank

100 %

Pitch

Info

Climb Rate

Info

90 %

Climb 2

Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 17L YMMB Melbourne Moorabbin Airport.

Heading

0 %

Speed

100 %

Bank

100 %

Pitch

Info

Climb Rate

Info

Landing on runway 17L at YMMB Melbourne Moorabbin Airport in the Cessna Skyhawk

Landing Score 80.18 %

Landing Summary

The Cessna Skyhawk has successfully landed at Melbourne Moorabbin Airport, achieving an overall score of 80.2%. The aircraft approached the runway from the north, heading 181.0° at 0 nm and 127 ft above ground level (agl). The final approach was made to runway 17L, which has a length of 875 m.

Upon landing, the aircraft touched down at a speed of 46 kn, which is considered good. The touchdown distance of 399 m was also satisfactory. However, the threshold height at 71 ft agl was above the target, and the threshold speed of 74 kn was also higher than expected. Despite these minor discrepancies, the overall landing performance was satisfactory.

The local weather conditions at the time of landing were characterized by a temperature of 18 °C, with a wind speed of 17 kn blowing from 162°. This resulted in a crosswind of 4 kn and a headwind of 17 kn. The aircraft's ability to handle these conditions was not significantly impacted, as the touchdown speed and distance were within acceptable limits.

One area for improvement was the runway touchdown position, which was significantly misaligned by 15.7 m from the centreline. This misalignment was also evident during the runway rollout, where the aircraft was 17.7 m off-centre. These deviations from the centreline may be due to factors such as wind drift or pilot error.

Overall, the Cessna Skyhawk's landing at Melbourne Moorabbin Airport was successful, with a total landing distance of 517 m, which is 59% of the runway length. While there were some minor discrepancies in the landing performance, the aircraft's ability to handle the local weather conditions and achieve a satisfactory touchdown speed and distance was a positive aspect of the landing.

92.11 %

Final 1

Approaching runway 17L at YMMB Melbourne Moorabbin Airport from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 127 ft agl to 79 ft agl. A decrease of 49 ft in 3 seconds.

Glideslope

87.39 %

Poor descent path above glideslope limit

Heading

96 %

Good heading alignment

Glideslope

87.39 %

IAS

100 %

Heading

96 %

Bank

77.16 %

100 %

Descent Rate

Info

64.94 %

Landing

Landing on runway 17L at YMMB Melbourne Moorabbin Airport, runway length 875 m. Threshold height at 71 ft agl was well above target. Threshold speed was well above target at 74 kn.

Height

60.64 %

Threshold height at 71 ft agl was well above target. Target 50 ft agl

Speed

86.51 %

Threshold speed was well above target at 74 kt. Target 63 kt

Flare

41.86 %

Very poor landing flare

Heading

48.4 %

Bank