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MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Departure
Lower the nose and add power to raise climb speed to 188 kt.
What happened: Climb speed was 155 kt against a target of 188 kt, running 33 kt slow through the climb.
Watch for: Airspeed indicator against the climb target of 188 kt.
Arrival
Arrest the excessive sink rate on approach with a pitch and power adjustment to re-establish a stable glidepath before the gates.
What happened: An excessive sink rate was carried through the approach gates, and the flare then began early at 51 ft, 6.1 ft above the normal flare band. An elevated sink rate on approach usually carries into flaring early, as pilots react to the rate instead of waiting for the right height.
Watch for: Vertical speed indicator: a stable, on-glidepath sink rate through the approach gates.
Preparing for a stable approach will give you time to decide on whether to attempt the landing or going around. Too much altitude with a high sink rate will result in carrying too much speed onto the runway. Configuring flaps and the gear late also won't help the speed decay.
Read more in The Stabilised ApproachStart to finish · 16 stages, 14 in the score
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From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.
Lifted off at 134 kt with 5.7° of pitch. Climb 3 averaged 155 kt, 33 kt under its 188 kt target.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.
The takeoff, point by point
Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 984 ft.
Reached 35 ft with 151 m of runway left; gear up at 13 ft, inside the 400 ft that gets full marks; then climbing at 2,240 fpm on average to 984 ft.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The gear-up ring is coloured by its mark. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.
Plan view the roll down the 4,113 m runway.
Rolled from 2,301 m in, drifted left of the centreline, 7.2 m at the widest, and lifted off 5.5 m left, in 9 kn of crosswind from the left. Airborne 86 % of the way down the runway, past the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
Two stabilised approach gates, each with seven checks, where the approach path is 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway. They are the approach's score: the checks passed out of the checks that ran.
At the 1,000 ft gate: sink rate more than 600 fpm beyond what the glideslope needed and centreline more than 1° off.
When the approach was stable
Every check met from 1.7 to 1.2 nm, then not again: low from 1.2 nm to the threshold.
Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.
The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.
Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 1° band in green.
High from 4 nm to 3.8 nm (up to 460 ft over), then back on it to 1.2 nm, then low to the threshold (up to 170 ft under).
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.
Joined 400 m right of the centreline, then inside the band from 1.7 nm to the threshold.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 34 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 20 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.
Outside the speed band twice; furthest −9 kt at 0.8 nm.
Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.
Over the threshold
Touchdown
Great landing flare. It lost 4.7 points, mostly for starting the flare at 51 ft agl, above the usual 11 ft agl–45 ft agl.
12 kt across from the left, which takes about 6° of crab to hold the centreline at 119 kt. Touched down with 5° of it still on, wings level.
Wind 299° at 13 kt · 4 kt head · 12 kt across
The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.
From 124 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 12 s, an average deceleration of 0.40 g.
Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.
Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.
Began the flare high, at 51 ft, 398 m before the threshold; crossed the threshold at 6 ft, 44 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 109 m in, 195 m short of the ideal 305 m.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,524 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
The sink went from 670 fpm at the flare to 170 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 2.1° on the way down.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 2,212 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down on the centreline, and stayed about there down the rollout, 4.5 m left at the widest.
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
The 109 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.
The rest of the report
The Cessna Citation Longitude taxied from the parking area to runway 24 at HKJK Jomo Kenyatta International Airport in 8 minutes, covering less than 1 nm.
During the departure roll on runway 24, the aircraft used 3,505 m of runway, representing 85 % of the available length, and lifted off at 135 kt; ambient conditions were 18 °C with a wind of 10 kt from 159 °, a cross-wind component of 9 kt and a head-wind component of 3 kt.
Climb commenced approximately 1 mile south-west of HKJK, ascending from 6,359 ft asl to 36,997 ft asl, an increase of 30,638 ft achieved in 20 minutes while covering 73 nm.
Cruise began 7 miles west of HKSI Solio Ranch Airport and continued for 252 minutes, during which 1,293 nm were flown; a subsequent cruise segment started 10 miles south of Mecca and lasted 2 minutes, adding another 9 nm.
Descent was initiated 27 miles south-east of OEJF King Faisal Naval Base Jeddah, descending from 35,714 ft asl to 3,211 ft asl, a loss of 32,503 ft in 7 minutes while traversing 36 nm.
The final approach to runway 01 at OE49 Mecca East Airport was conducted from the south, on a heading of 6.0 ° at 4 nm and 1,545 ft agl.
Landing on runway 01 occurred on a runway 2,212 m long; the threshold speed was recorded at 122 kt, touchdown distance measured 109 m, touchdown speed was 119 kt, and the vertical speed at touchdown was -102 fpm, with alignment described as very good. Local weather at the time was 43 °C with a wind of 17 kt from 298 °, a cross-wind of 17 kt and a head-wind of 5 kt. Total landing distance was 569 m, representing 26 % of the runway.
Runway rollout alignment was noted as very good, completing the landing phase without deviation.
The aircraft taxied from the runway to the parking area in less than 1 minute, covering less than 1 nm.
In total, the flight covered 1,418 nm, required 288 minutes, and consumed 118 kg of fuel.
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