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EGPE
Inverness, Scotland
Runway 23
Elevation26 ft asl
Weight1,056 kg
Fuel202 kg
Wind270° · 1 kn · 1 kn cross

Flight Score

97.15 %
EGPE
Inverness, Scotland
Runway 23
Elevation26 ft asl
Weight1,054 kg
Fuel200 kg
Wind270° · 1 kn · 1 kn cross
24 Feb 2026 0:05 7 nm PA28 Arrow III 2 kg
Departure Score
94.74 %
Pattern Score
96.73 %
Arrival Score
99.98 %

What went well

Touched down at -129 fpm — a soft arrival
Touchdown 342 m in — inside the full-score zone
Threshold crossed at 30 ft and 76 kt — both inside band

What held you back

Departure Roll — Liftoff speed was 87 kt at 67 %, Takeoff Bounce at 80 %, −0.89 points
Departure Climb 2 — scored 90.00 %, −0.83 points
Pattern Downwind — Average altitude 836 ft agl at 75 %, −0.48 points

Next time

Departure

Ease the nose up sooner to lift off at 70 kt instead of letting speed build on the ground.

What happened: The aircraft lifted off at 87 kt, 17 kt above the target liftoff speed.

Watch for: Airspeed indicator: 70 kt at liftoff

See Departure Roll

A typical trainer rotates in the mid-50s of knots - a 172 at around 55 KIAS, climbing out at a Vy in the low 70s, though check your own POH rather than memorising Cessna's numbers - and the transferable rule is that Vr sits just above the stall speed in takeoff configuration. Rotate early because "it felt ready" and the aircraft lifts off inside ground effect, where induced drag is reduced, then climbs out of it into more drag. On a marginal-performance day the result is an aircraft that lifts off and then refuses to climb, sagging back towards the runway.

Read more in Improve Your Take-Offs

Start to finish · 16 stages, 15 in the score

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 100.00Taxiing from the parking to the runway took less than 1 minute. and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 0 kt0 kt min to max 0 kt 0 0 kt
100 % Average speed turning corners 0 ktmax 0 kt 0 0 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle 0.2 °0.2 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.2 0.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.2 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.2 0.2 °
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 23 at EGPE Inverness Airport, Average speed was 9 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 8 kt0 kt min to max 20 kt 0 20 kt
Info Average pitch angle 0.8 °0.4 ° min to max 1.2 ° 1.2 0.4 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.3 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.3 0.4 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g

Events

Info Landing Gear Activated 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Pitot Heat Switched On 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Info Landing Gear Deactivated 2 ft agl · 1 kt
Departure Roll 89.36Departure roll runway 23 at EGPE Inverness Airport. Takeoff distance 798 m 44 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 87 kt. Local weather - Temperature 16 °C. Wind 1 kt at 270 °. Crosswind: 1 kt Headwind: 1 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 798 m44 % of runway
67 % Liftoff speed was 87 ktTarget 70 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 2.75 m right1.90 m left to 2.75 m right -2.75 0.27 m
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.81 g min to max 1.08 g 0.99 1.06 g
80 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 0.5 °-0.3 ° min to max 1.6 ° 0.4 1.6 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.2 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.4 0.7 °
Departure Climb 1 99.60Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 23 EGPE Inverness Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.1 °-0.2 ° min to max -0.1 ° -0.1 -0.1 °
100 % Average speed 91 kt87 kt min to max 94 kt 87 94 kt
98 % Average bank angle 1.7 °0.0 ° min to max 2.6 ° 0.7 1.7 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g0.97 g min to max 1.12 g 1.06 1.07 g
Info Average VSI 309 fpm174 fpm min to max 629 fpm 202 629 fpm
Info Average altitude 19 ft agl5 ft agl min to max 43 ft agl 5 43 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 3.2 °1.6 ° min to max 6.5 ° 1.6 6.5 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Up 15 ft agl · 91 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 34 ft agl · 93 kt
Departure Climb 2 90.00Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 23 EGPE Inverness Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 92 kt86 kt min to max 94 kt 94 86 kt
100 % Average bank angle 1.6 °0.0 ° min to max 4.7 ° 1.7 4.7 °
100 % Average g force 1.04 g0.92 g min to max 1.10 g 1.07 0.96 g
Info Average VSI 923 fpm640 fpm min to max 1,313 fpm 640 663 fpm
Info Average altitude 171 ft agl44 ft agl min to max 502 ft agl 44 502 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 8.1 °6.1 ° min to max 9.6 ° 6.6 6.2 °

Events

Fail Bounce during liftoff 109 ft agl · 94 kt
Pattern Entry 100.00Left hand pattern entry from runway 23 EGPE Inverness Airport. Distance was less than 1 nm in 18 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 91 kt86 kt min to max 94 kt 86 92 kt
100 % Average bank angle 17.2 °6.9 ° min to max 21.7 ° 6.9 20.8 °
100 % Average g force 1.04 g0.96 g min to max 1.10 g 0.96 1.05 g
Info Average VSI 467 fpm236 fpm min to max 724 fpm 605 722 fpm
Info Average altitude 574 ft agl511 ft agl min to max 652 ft agl 511 652 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 5.1 °3.4 ° min to max 6.5 ° 5.9 6.3 °
Pattern Crosswind 100.00Left hand pattern crosswind from runway 23 EGPE Inverness Airport. Distance was less than 1 nm in 20 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading -0.3 °-20.3 ° min to max 15.0 ° 15.0 -20.3 °
100 % Average speed 90 kt89 kt min to max 92 kt 92 89 kt
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.98 g min to max 1.05 g 1.05 1.01 g
Info Average VSI 672 fpm529 fpm min to max 708 fpm 707 529 fpm
Info Average altitude 780 ft agl664 ft agl min to max 902 ft agl 664 902 ft agl
Info Average bank angle 7.9 °0.2 ° min to max 19.3 ° 19.3 17.9 °
Info Average pitch angle 5.8 °3.4 ° min to max 6.2 ° 6.1 3.4 °
Pattern Downwind Turn 94.80Pattern Downwind Turn. Distance was 1 nm. Angle to the runway's far end 54.3 °.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
83 % Angle to runway (45 degrees) 54.3 °.
100 % Average speed 93 kt90 kt min to max 95 kt 90 94 kt
100 % Average bank angle 14.6 °8.9 ° min to max 17.7 ° 17.7 8.9 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.97 g min to max 1.06 g 1.01 0.97 g
Info Average VSI 121 fpm-328 fpm min to max 434 fpm 434 -328 fpm
Info Average altitude 936 ft agl910 ft agl min to max 953 ft agl 910 940 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 1.1 °-1.4 ° min to max 2.8 ° 2.8 -1.4 °
Pattern Downwind 89.83Pattern Downwind Leg. Distance was 2 nm in 79 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
91 % Heading 6.3 °-11.8 ° min to max 9.7 ° 7.0 -11.8 °
75 % Average altitude 836 ft agl737 ft agl min to max 927 ft agl 927 737 ft agl
100 % Average speed 86 kt82 kt min to max 94 kt 94 87 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.93 g min to max 1.06 g 0.99 1.05 g
Info Average VSI -151 fpm-569 fpm min to max 242 fpm -479 -556 fpm
Info Average bank angle 3.2 °0.0 ° min to max 16.0 ° 1.8 16.0 °
Info Average pitch angle 1.7 °-1.5 ° min to max 4.7 ° -1.5 -0.8 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Down 719 ft agl · 91 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 731 ft agl · 89 kt
Pattern Base Leg Turn 92.45Pattern Base Leg Turn. Distance was 1 nm. Angle to runway (45 degrees) 56.3 °.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
75 % Angle to runway (45 degrees) 56.3 °.
100 % Average speed 83 kt78 kt min to max 88 kt 88 78 kt
100 % Average bank angle 13.4 °5.2 ° min to max 18.2 ° 17.7 5.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g1.00 g min to max 1.06 g 1.04 1.03 g
Info Average VSI -606 fpm-782 fpm min to max -352 fpm -530 -352 fpm
Info Average altitude 623 ft agl530 ft agl min to max 719 ft agl 719 530 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -1.1 °-2.7 ° min to max 0.8 ° -0.4 0.8 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 2 547 ft agl · 87 kt
Pattern Base Leg 100.00Pattern Base Leg. Distance was less than 1 nm in 32 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading 3.3 °-16.0 ° min to max 10.0 ° 10.0 -16.0 °
100 % Average speed 78 kt77 kt min to max 79 kt 78 79 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.04 g 1.03 1.04 g
Info Average altitude 442 ft agl325 ft agl min to max 524 ft agl 524 325 ft agl
Info Average bank angle 4.6 °0.3 ° min to max 17.4 ° 4.5 17.4 °
Info Average pitch angle 0.4 °-1.9 ° min to max 1.6 ° 1.2 -1.5 °
Pattern Final Turn 100.00Pattern Final Turn. Distance was less than 1 nm in 24 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 80 kt78 kt min to max 82 kt 79 78 kt
100 % Average bank angle 10.7 °0.1 ° min to max 22.6 ° 18.7 0.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.04 g0.96 g min to max 1.13 g 1.05 1.00 g
Info Average VSI -330 fpm-712 fpm min to max -119 fpm -712 -268 fpm
Info Average altitude 240 ft agl177 ft agl min to max 312 ft agl 312 177 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 0.8 °-1.2 ° min to max 2.7 ° -1.2 1.0 °
Arrival Final 1 100.00Approaching runway 23 at EGPE Inverness Airport from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 175 ft agl to 41 ft agl. A decrease of 134 ft in 16 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 3.4 °2.6 ° min to max 3.8 °Target 3.0 ° 3.3 2.6 °
100 % Average speed 78 kt76 kt min to max 78 kt 78 76 kt
100 % Heading variation -0.0 °-0.2 ° min to max -0.0 ° -0.2 -0.0 °
100 % Average bank angle 1.8 °0.1 ° min to max 2.9 ° 1.4 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.95 g min to max 1.07 g 0.99 1.07 g
Info Average VSI -707 fpm-824 fpm min to max -277 fpm -277 -802 fpm
Info Average altitude 82 ft agl41 ft agl min to max 175 ft agl 175 41 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -2.0 °-2.9 ° min to max 1.0 ° 0.9 -0.6 °

Events

Info Battery Master On 2 ft agl
Info Engine 1 Started 2 ft agl
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 2 ft agl
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 2 ft agl
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 2 ft agl
Info Autopilot Master Switched On 2 ft agl
Info Landing Gear Down 2 ft agl
Info Pitot Heat Switched On 2 ft agl
00.250.50.751050100150Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-40-30-20-10010203040Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Landing 100.00Landing on runway 23 at EGPE Inverness Airport, runway length 1,814 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was slightly above target at 76 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was slightly above target at 76 kt. Target 71 kt
100 % Good threshold height.Target 50 ft agl
100 % Perfect landing flare
100 % Runway alignment max 0.04 m right0.02 m right to 0.04 m right -0.02 -0.03 m
100 % Average bank angle 0.9 °0.0 ° min to max 1.8 ° 0.0 0.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.04 g0.95 g min to max 1.16 g 1.07 0.95 g
Info Average speed 67 kt58 kt min to max 76 kt 76 58 kt
Info Average VSI -260 fpm-797 fpm min to max -88 fpm -797 -108 fpm
Info Average altitude 2 ft agl-11 ft agl min to max 31 ft agl 31 -11 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 4.7 °-0.4 ° min to max 6.6 ° -0.4 5.6 °
07515022530037501123344657Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150225300375-24-20-16-12-8-404812162024Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 99.93Touchdown distance was good at 342 m. Touchdown speed at 58 kt was good. Touchdown rate was smooth at -108 fpm. Runway touchdown alignment was very good. Local weather - Temperature 15 °C. Wind 1 kt at 270 °. Crosswind: 1 kt Headwind: 1 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
99.7 % Touchdown rate was -108 fpm.
100 % Touchdown distance was 342 mTarget 457 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 58 ktTarget below 66 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 2.44 m right2.42 m right -2.40 -2.44 m
100 % Average bank angle 0.4 °0.1 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.6 0.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.10 g0.95 g min to max 1.17 g 0.95 1.08 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 58 kt58 kt min to max 58 kt 58 58 kt
Info Average pitch angle 5.2 °4.9 ° min to max 5.6 ° 5.6 4.9 °
Arrival Rollout 100.00Total landing distance 704 m, 39 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was perfect.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 704 m39 % of runway.
100 % Runway alignment max 2.52 m right0.43 m left to 2.52 m right -2.45 0.43 m
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.98 g min to max 1.05 g 1.05 1.00 g
Info Average speed 52 kt33 kt min to max 56 kt 56 33 kt
Info Average pitch angle 4.9 °-0.5 ° min to max 7.3 ° 5.1 -0.5 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.1 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.2 0.4 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 2 ft agl · 41 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 2 ft agl · 40 kt

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Lifted off at 87 kt with 0.2° of pitch.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then.

120 kt8040020°10°0°LIFTOFF0.2° off6° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH0204060 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitch

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 m 24 kt 0.4° 0 s
Liftoff146 m · target 70 87 kt 0.2° 7.2 s
35 ft1,117 m · 24.2 s after liftoff 94 kt 6.1° 31.4 s
End of the climb2,526 m · 502 ft 86 kt 6.2° 63 s

Takeoff from EGPE 23

Taxi lightsOk
Set
Takeoff roll100.00
797m44 %
Liftoff speed66.79
87kttarget 70, 17 fast
Runway alignment100.00
2.75m R
Bounce on takeoff80.00
Yes
Rate of climb99.60
308fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to 502 ft.

Reached 35 ft with 631 m of runway left; then climbing at 540 fpm on average to 502 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length.

750 ft375 ft0THRESHOLDRUNWAY END304050KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLLiftoff 87 kt
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runway

Plan view the roll down the 1,814 m runway.

Rolled from 65 m in, drifted 2.7 m right of the centreline and was back on it to lift off. Airborne 11 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length.

5001,0001,500THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓75 %widest 2.73 m RROLL 65 M INAirborne 212 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 212 m of 1,814 m · 12 %
Behind the start of the roll, 65 mTakeoff roll, 146 m Left ahead, 1,602 m

The circuit to EGPE 23

Left-hand, 1,000 ft circuit height. The plan shows your circuit over a textbook one for this runway; the profile unrolls the same path from liftoff to the threshold.

Plan landing direction to the left; in pale blue the textbook circuit for your downwind speed, 0.9 nm out at 85 kt

How to read this

The lap from above, with the landing direction to the left: the opposite of the runway drawings. The wide pale-blue line is a textbook circuit for your downwind speed - the downwind a mile out for every 100 kt, every turn at 30° of bank - and your track is drawn over it, each leg in the colour of its mark. The numbers are the four turns, the same as on the profile and the cards below. The 45° line from the threshold is the usual point to turn onto base.

45° to the thresholdTHRLANDING1234crosswinddownwindbase90+75-89under 75not a circuit legtextbook circuit

Around the circuit height and bank; the turns are shaded

How to read this

The same lap straightened out, so the height and the bank can be read together. Each shaded stretch is a turn, numbered as on the plan. The green box is circuit height, 1,000 ft, on the downwind. The amber line is 30° of bank, and a turn's steepest bank shows red above 32°. "Turn crosswind from" is the lowest height to start the first turn at.

05001,0001,5000°30°HEIGHT ftBANKcircuit height 1,000 ftturn crosswind from 500 ft22°118°218°323°4distance flown →
HeightBankA turnCircuit height ±50 ft30° of bank
1Crosswind turn
Turned at
589 ft
Bank
22°
Speed
94 kt

Good: full marks on the turn and the leg after it.

2Onto downwind
Bank
18°
Height
836 ft on 1,000 ft
Speed
86 kt
Out
1.2 nm 0.9 suits 85 kt

Low on downwind: 836 ft against 1,000 ft, 164 ft below.

Descending on downwind. Power comes back abeam, the aircraft isn't re-trimmed, your eyes are outside judging the turn point, and 100 ft leaks away before base. Shows up as a low gate 2, and everything after it is a scramble.

Read more in Pattern Work
3Base turn
Angle
56° target 45°
Bank
18°
Height
710 ft

Early: turned base with the threshold 56° behind, against 45°.

Base. Turn 90 degrees towards the runway when the threshold sits about 45 degrees behind your shoulder. Descend at around 80 kt with second-stage flap. The geometry of that 45-degree cue isn't arbitrary. It produces a base leg long enough to lose roughly 500 ft at about 500 fpm before the final turn. Once you know that's what the cue is for, you can derive your own turn point for any aircraft and any speed.

Read more in Pattern Work
4Final turn
Bank
23°
Overshoot
9 m none
Speed
80 kt

Good: full marks on the turn.

Entry100Crosswind100Turn onto downwind95Downwind90Base turn92Base100Final turn100

The approach to EGPE 23

The final from 4 nm.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.

Inside the glideslope band from 0.8 nm, where the final began, to the threshold, never more than 50 ft below the slope.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.

5001,0001,5002,0002,500 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 2° BAND199
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height there

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.

Inside the 1° band all the way from 0.8 nm, never more than 146 m off the centreline.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR305 m L0305 m RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND0 m R
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the band

Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 39 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 23 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.

Inside the speed band all the way, between −2 kt and +4 kt on the approach speed of 78 kt.

How to read this

Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.

80100120140 kt4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRAPPROACH SPEED 78+1 kt−2 kt
Your airspeedApproach speedWhat the gates allowOutside the band

Landing and touchdown on EGPE 23

Over the threshold

Threshold height100.00
30ft
Threshold speed100.00
76kttarget 78, 2 slow
Centreline offset100.00
0.04m R

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
342m
Centreline100.00
2.44m R
Speed100.00
58kttarget 74 or less
Touchdown rate99.71
-129fpm
Impact100.00
1.17G
BouncesOk
None
The flare100.00

Perfect landing flare

The crosswind

No crosswind: nothing to correct for. Touched down straight, wings level.

Wind 270° at 1 kt · 1 kt head · 0 kt across

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

The stop

From 57 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 17 s, an average deceleration of 0.11 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

02040608030 kt · 395 mtouchdown411 mkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 30 ft, 20 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 342 m in, close to the ideal 305 m.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,524 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

30 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 −129 fpm · 5.6° nose up · 58 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 30 ft, down at 342 m

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 790 fpm at 31 ft to 130 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 6.1° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,000−1°4°10°touchdown−129 fpm at touchdown5.6° at touchdown
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 1,814 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down 2.4 m right of the centreline, and stayed within 2.5 m of it down the rollout.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended.

5001,0001,500 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ FULL SCORE TO 503 M 342 m past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 342 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 692 m of 1,814 m · 38 %
In the air over the runway, 342 mRollout, 351 m Left over, 1,121 m
Rollout distance100.00
351m38 % used
Rollout alignment100.00
2.52m R

The rest of the report

Explore in detail

Flight narrative

The flight began with a quick taxi from the parking area to the runway, taking less than a minute and covering a distance of less than a nautical mile. The aircraft, a PA28 Arrow III, then departed from runway 23 at EGPE Inverness Airport, with a takeoff distance of 798 meters, which accounted for 44% of the runway. The liftoff speed was 87 knots, and the local weather conditions were characterized by a temperature of 16 degrees Celsius and a wind speed of 1 knot from 270 degrees, resulting in a negligible crosswind and headwind.

As the aircraft entered the left-hand pattern from runway 23, it covered a distance of less than a nautical mile in just 18 seconds. The subsequent left-hand pattern crosswind leg was completed in 20 seconds, with the aircraft maintaining a steady course. The pattern downwind turn was executed at an angle of 54.3 degrees to the runway, covering a distance of 1 nautical mile. The downwind leg itself was 2 nautical miles long and took 79 seconds to complete.

The pattern base leg turn was made at an angle of 56.3 degrees to the runway, covering a distance of 1 nautical mile. The base leg itself was less than a nautical mile long and took 32 seconds to complete. The final turn was made in less than a nautical mile in 24 seconds, setting the aircraft up for a final approach to runway 23 from the north-east, heading 229.0 degrees at an altitude of 175 feet above ground level.

The landing on runway 23 was successful, with a threshold height that was good and a threshold speed that was slightly above the target at 76 knots. The touchdown distance was 340 meters, and the touchdown speed was 58 knots, both of which were good. The touchdown rate was smooth at -108 feet per minute, and the runway touchdown alignment was very good. The local weather conditions remained the same, with a temperature of 15 degrees Celsius and a wind speed of 1 knot from 270 degrees.

The total landing distance was 704 meters, which accounted for 39% of the runway. The runway rollout alignment was perfect, indicating a smooth and controlled descent. The total flight distance was 7 nautical miles, and the flight took 5 minutes to complete, using 2 kilograms of fuel in the process.

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