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CYYZ
Toronto, Canada
Runway 23
Elevation545 ft asl
Weight3,648 kg
Fuel582 kg
Wind70° · 7 kn · 3 kn cross

Flight Score

78.15 %
CYTZ
Toronto, Canada
Runway 08
Elevation249 ft asl
Weight3,648 kg
Fuel551 kg
Wind69° · 5 kn
27 Jun 2026 0:07 21 nm PC-12 31 kg
Departure Score
86.63 %
Enroute Score
80.43 %
Arrival Score
67.39 %

What went well

Touchdown 370 m in — inside the full-score zone
1.25 G at touchdown — inside band

What held you back

Arrival Taxi — landing lights; peak taxi speed 72 kt at 0 %, peak speed in a turn 54 kt at 0 %, −7.08 points
Enroute Climb — bank angle up to 61.8 ° at 56 %, g force -1.98 to 3.47 g at 79 %, −6.52 points
Departure Climb 2 — bank angle up to 45.2 ° at 0 %, −2.87 points

Next time

Departure

Use smoother, smaller aileron inputs to keep the wings level and hold bank angle near wings-level during the climb.

What happened: During the climb, bank angle rose to 1.9°, more roll than the climb out called for.

Watch for: Attitude indicator: wings level during the climb

See Departure Climb 2

Arrival

Reduce power earlier on final so the threshold speed comes back to 87 kt, removing the excess energy before the flare.

What happened: Threshold speed was 14 kt above 87 kt. Crossing the threshold fast like this usually carries into a pumped flare, with the pitch reversing direction several times instead of one smooth input, and that pattern usually carries through into a firm touchdown.

Watch for: Airspeed indicator: 87 kt at the threshold.

See Arrival LandingArrival Touchdown

Twenty knots on a monitor produces the visual sensation of about ten. The advice to "taxi at a walking pace" cannot fix this, because your sense of walking pace is exactly the thing that's broken. Put the groundspeed readout in your scan and obey it for the next fifty flights, the way a student pilot leans on the airspeed indicator before learning to read attitude.

Read more in How to Taxi Anywhere

Start to finish · 12 stages, 11 scored

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Roll 85.73Departure roll runway 23 at CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport. Takeoff distance 2,402 m 76 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 119 kt. Local weather - Temperature 21 °C. Wind 7 kt at 70 °. Crosswind: 3 kt Tailwind: 7 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
97 % Takeoff distance 2,402 m76 % of runway
45 % Liftoff speed was 119 ktTarget 90 kt
87 % Runway alignment max 6.59 m right0.00 m left to 6.59 m right -6.45 -1.31 m
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.97 g min to max 1.06 g 0.97 1.06 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle -0.1 °-0.9 ° min to max 1.4 ° -0.9 1.4 °
Info Average bank angle 1.7 °0.8 ° min to max 2.5 ° 1.6 1.5 °

Events

Info Battery Master On 5 ft agl · 115 kt
Info Engine 1 Started 5 ft agl · 115 kt
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 5 ft agl · 115 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 5 ft agl · 115 kt
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 5 ft agl · 115 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 5 ft agl · 115 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 5 ft agl · 115 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 5 ft agl · 115 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 5 ft agl · 115 kt
Departure Climb 1 100.00Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 23 CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.0 0.2 °
100 % Average speed 123 kt119 kt min to max 126 kt 119 126 kt
100 % Average bank angle 1.8 °0.6 ° min to max 3.2 ° 1.6 0.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.05 g0.99 g min to max 1.09 g 1.06 1.05 g
Info Average VSI 474 fpm288 fpm min to max 677 fpm 288 677 fpm
Info Average altitude 22 ft agl2 ft agl min to max 50 ft agl 2 50 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 2.5 °1.5 ° min to max 3.5 ° 1.5 3.5 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Up 15 ft agl · 124 kt
Departure Climb 2 74.15Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 23 CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.4 °0.2 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.2 0.3 °
100 % Average speed 134 kt126 kt min to max 146 kt 126 146 kt
0 % Average bank angle 1.9 °0.0 ° min to max 45.2 ° 0.7 45.2 °
92 % Average g force 1.00 g0.53 g min to max 1.65 g 1.04 1.65 g
Info Average VSI 303 fpm-351 fpm min to max 791 fpm 686 695 fpm
Info Average altitude 78 ft agl52 ft agl min to max 122 ft agl 52 122 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 0.8 °-2.9 ° min to max 6.7 ° 3.6 6.7 °
Enroute Climb 80.43Enroute climb started 1 mile west of CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport Toronto (Ontario, Canada). Climbing from 703 ft asl to 990 ft asl, an increase of 287 ft in 3 minutes and covering 11 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 190 kt108 kt min to max 250 kt 147 195 kt
56 % Average bank angle 14.4 °0.0 ° min to max 61.8 ° 46.2 2.0 °
79 % Average g force 1.06 g-1.98 g min to max 3.47 g 1.65 1.20 g
Info Average VSI -164 fpm-11,837 fpm min to max 8,502 fpm 1,096 -4,530 fpm
Info Average altitude 1,869 ft asl703 ft asl min to max 3,373 ft asl 703 990 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 0.3 °-49.4 ° min to max 38.9 ° 7.9 -11.4 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Flaps Fully Retracted 188 ft agl · 151 kt
Info Stall Warning Activated 1,029 ft agl · 148 kt
Info Stall Warning Deactivated 1,188 ft agl · 140 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 1,058 ft agl · 188 kt
Arrival Approach 14.29Final approach to runway 08 at CYTZ Billy Bishop Toronto City Centre Airport. Descent from 1,223 ft agl to 39 ft agl in 35 seconds. Scored on the stabilisation gates.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Gear downfailed
0 % Landing flapfailed
100 % Sink ratepassed
0 % On glideslopefailed
0 % On centrelinefailed
0 % On speedfailed
0 % Wings levelfailed

Events

Info Landing Gear Down 1,058 ft agl · 188 kt
Arrival Landing (GA) 72.33Landing on runway 08 at CYTZ Billy Bishop Toronto City Centre Airport, runway length 1,233 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was excessively high at 159 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Threshold speed was excessively high at 159 kt. Target 87 kt
100 % Good threshold height.Target 50 ft agl
94 % The flare held the target profile well. The flare began at 47 ft agl above the runway, higher than this type wants. Touchdown was 370 m past the threshold. Hold the aim point and let the runway come to you rather than anticipating the flare.
95 % Runway alignment max 5.67 m right3.65 m right to 5.67 m right -3.66 -5.49 m
93 % Average bank angle 1.7 °0.0 ° min to max 4.7 ° 1.0 4.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.04 g0.84 g min to max 1.23 g 1.08 1.11 g
Info Average speed 149 kt139 kt min to max 159 kt 159 140 kt
Info Average VSI -294 fpm-869 fpm min to max 50 fpm -869 -28 fpm
Info Average altitude 14 ft agl8 ft agl min to max 36 ft agl 36 9 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 1.3 °-1.4 ° min to max 4.0 ° -1.2 3.8 °
Go-around 67.97Go-Around runway 08 at CYTZ Billy Bishop Toronto City Centre Airport at 12 ft agl.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 119 kt95 kt min to max 159 kt 140 111 kt
31 % Average bank angle 5.1 °0.0 ° min to max 74.3 ° 4.3 18.8 °
88 % Average g force 1.05 g0.65 g min to max 3.42 g 1.22 1.12 g
Info Average altitude 56 ft agl11 ft agl min to max 478 ft agl 12 99 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 1.6 °-8.6 ° min to max 9.3 ° 3.6 -2.1 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 23 ft agl · 129 kt
Info Landing Gear Up 40 ft agl · 138 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 446 ft agl · 154 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 78 ft agl · 132 kt
Info Flaps Position 3 98 ft agl · 112 kt
Arrival Landing 83.82Landing on runway 08 at CYTZ Billy Bishop Toronto City Centre Airport, runway length 1,233 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was well above target at 101 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
76 % Threshold speed was well above target at 101 kt. Target 87 kt
100 % Good threshold height.Target 50 ft agl
61 % The flare wandered off the target profile. The flare was pumped rather than held: pitch changed direction 3 times on the way down. Touchdown was 370 m past the threshold. One smooth continuous input - chasing the runway with the elevator makes the next correction bigger, not smaller.
97 % Runway alignment max 4.76 m left4.76 m left to 3.18 m left 3.32 4.76 m
99 % Average bank angle 1.3 °0.0 ° min to max 2.6 ° 1.2 2.6 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.90 g min to max 1.25 g 0.98 1.02 g
Info Average speed 97 kt91 kt min to max 102 kt 101 91 kt
Info Average VSI -226 fpm-377 fpm min to max -106 fpm -190 -219 fpm
Info Average altitude 19 ft agl5 ft agl min to max 35 ft agl 35 5 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -2.3 °-4.2 ° min to max -0.2 ° -3.2 -0.2 °
07515022530037545001223354658Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150225300375450-25-20-15-10-50510152025Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 85.40Touchdown distance was good at 370 m. Touchdown speed at 91 kt was a little fast. Touchdown rate was fair at -284 fpm. Runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 4.8 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 21 °C. Wind 7 kt at 70 °. Crosswind: 0 kt Headwind: 7 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
53 % Touchdown rate was -284 fpm.
100 % Touchdown distance was 370 mTarget 457 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 91 ktTarget below 85 kt
94 % Runway alignment max 4.76 m left3.92 m left 4.76 2.74 m
93 % Average bank angle 0.7 °0.0 ° min to max 2.6 ° 2.6 0.5 °
100 % Average g force 1.04 g0.87 g min to max 1.25 g 1.02 1.10 g
80 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 88 kt85 kt min to max 91 kt 91 85 kt
Info Average pitch angle 0.3 °-0.6 ° min to max 1.4 ° -0.2 1.2 °
Arrival Rollout 85.27Total landing distance 906 m, 74 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was slightly misaligned by 12.0 m from centreline.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 906 m74 % of runway.
67 % Runway alignment max 12.03 m left12.03 m left to 11.83 m right 2.61 12.03 m
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.93 g min to max 1.08 g 1.08 1.00 g
Info Average speed 71 kt42 kt min to max 78 kt 78 42 kt
Info Average pitch angle 0.2 °-1.0 ° min to max 2.0 ° 1.5 0.5 °
Info Average bank angle 1.2 °0.1 ° min to max 2.5 ° 0.5 0.7 °
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 38 kt
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 34 kt24 kt min to max 40 kt 40 24 kt
Info Average pitch angle 0.2 °-1.3 ° min to max 1.1 ° 0.1 0.8 °
Info Average bank angle 0.6 °0.0 ° min to max 1.1 ° 0.5 1.0 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 0.99 g
Arrival Taxi 15.05Taxiing to the parking from the runway took less than 1 minute. and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Average speed 43 kt24 kt min to max 72 kt 24 72 kt
0 % Average speed turning corners 45 ktmax 54 kt 0 0 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.00 g 0.99 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle 0.7 °0.4 ° min to max 1.0 ° 1.0 0.6 °
Info Average bank angle 0.5 °0.0 ° min to max 1.2 ° 0.8 0.4 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights
Info Flaps Position 1 5 ft agl · 19 kt

Takeoff

97.05Takeoff roll2,402 m · 76 %
44.51Liftoff speed119 kt · target 90, 29 fast
87.10Runway alignment6.59 m R
OkBounce on takeoffNone
100.00Rate of climb473 fpm

Landing

The threshold, the flare and the hold-off. The approach that led to it is the stabilisation gates below.

100.00Threshold height35 ft
75.58Threshold speed101 kt · target 87, 14 fast
96.97Centreline offset4.76 m L
Flare 61.49The flare wandered off the target profile. The flare was pumped rather than held: pitch changed direction 3 times on the way down. Touchdown was 370 m past the threshold. One smooth continuous input - chasing the runway with the elevator makes the next correction bigger, not smaller.

The stabilisation gates

One stabilised approach gate: five checks where the approach path is 500 ft above the runway. The 1,000 ft gate was not assessed, because the approach did not join final that far out.

Five checks, one gate500 ft
Gear down
Sink rate
On glideslope
On centreline
On speed

The approach, gate by gate

Gate Height Centreline Speed
THR 34 ft 3.41 m L +14 kt

Touchdown on CYTZ 08

Past threshold100.00
370m
Centreline93.76
2.74m L
Speed100.00
91kttarget 84, 7 fast
Touchdown rate53.45
-284fpm
Impact100.00
1.25G
Bounces80.00
1

Side view — the last 1,233 m of the approach.

35 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft 80 ft400 Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 35 ft, down at 370 m

Plan view — the full 1,233 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

5001,000 THRESHOLD FULL SCORE TO 503 M 370 m past threshold CLEARED

The 370 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 795 m of 1,233 m · 64 %
Rollout distance100.00
425m64 % used
Rollout alignment67.27
12.03m L

The rest of the report

Explore in detail

Flight narrative

Departing from Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport (CYYZ), the PC-12 aircraft began its takeoff roll on runway 23. The aircraft accelerated to a liftoff speed of 119 kt, achieving liftoff at 2,467 meters, which was 76% of the runway length. The climb phase commenced shortly after, with the aircraft ascending from an initial altitude of 703 feet above sea level to 990 feet, a vertical gain of 287 feet over a distance of 11 nautical miles in just 3 minutes.

As the aircraft transitioned to the enroute phase, it continued to climb to its cruising altitude. The final approach to runway 08 at Billy Bishop Toronto City Centre Airport (CYTZ) was initiated from the southwest, with the aircraft descending from an altitude of 673 feet above ground level to a threshold height. However, a go-around was executed at an altitude of 12 feet above ground level, necessitating a re-initiation of the approach. The aircraft eventually landed on runway 08, with a touchdown speed of 91 kt, which was slightly higher than the recommended threshold speed. The touchdown distance was 369 meters, and the runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned from the centerline by 4.8 meters.

Following the landing, the aircraft taxied to the parking area, covering a distance of less than 1 nautical mile in under 1 minute. The total flight distance was 21 nautical miles, and the aircraft consumed 31 kilograms of fuel during the flight. The landing distance of 906 meters was 74% of the runway length, and the runway rollout alignment was slightly misaligned from the centerline by 12 meters. The flight was conducted under local weather conditions of 21°C temperature and a 7 kt headwind at 70°.

Flight map
Replay this flight in 3D The full flight path over the terrain with every stage, event and score along the route.
Takeoff report
Takeoff on runway 23 at CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport in the Pilatus PC-12
86.63 %
85.73 %
Takeoff Roll
Departure roll runway 23 at CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport. Takeoff distance 2,402 m 76 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 119 kt. Local weather - Temperature 21 °C. Wind 7 kt at 70 °. Crosswind: 3 kt Tailwind: 7 kt.
Takeoff Distance
100 %
Roll distance of 2,402 m using 75.74 % of runway
Liftoff Speed
44.51 %
Liftoff speed was 119 kn - Target 90 kn
Alignment
87.1 %
0.00 m left to 6.59 m right
Bounce
100 %
No Bounce Detected
Strobe Lights
100 %
Switched On
Landing Lights
100 %
Switched On
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
120 115 110
Bank °
Info
3 1.5 0
Pitch °
Info
2 1 0
02505007501,0001,2501,5001,7502,0002,2502,5002,7503,000-30-25-20-15-10-5051015202530 Runway Distance m Runway Alignment to End of Runway m
100 %
Climb 1
Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 23 CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport.
Alignment
100 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
130 120 110
Bank °
100 %
4 2 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
4 2.5 1
Climb Rate fpm
Info
700 350 0
74.15 %
Climb 2
Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 23 CYYZ Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport.
Alignment
100 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
150 135 120
Bank °
0 %
46 23 0
G
91.53 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
7 2.5 -2
Climb Rate fpm
Info
800 200 -400
02505007501,0001,2501,5001,7502,0002,2502,5002,7503,00001734516885 Runway Distance m Height at End of Runway ft
00.040.080.120.170.210100 Climb Distance NM Climb Profile to 1,000 ft
00.040.080.120.170.21-60-48-36-24-1201224364860 Climb Distance NM Runway Alignment (in m) to 1,000 ft
Landing report
Landing on runway 08 at CYTZ Billy Bishop Toronto City Centre Airport in the Pilatus PC-12
Landing Score 84.83 %
Landing Summary

The aircraft touched down on runway 08 at CYTZ Billy Bishop Toronto City Centre Airport, a 1,233-meter-long runway, with a good threshold height. However, the threshold speed was excessively high at 159 kt, indicating a potential for a longer landing distance. The pilot maintained control and brought the aircraft down smoothly, touching down at a distance of 369 meters, which was within acceptable limits.

Upon touchdown, the aircraft's speed was recorded at 91 kt, which was faster than the recommended speed. The touchdown rate of -219 fpm was fair, indicating a moderate deceleration. The runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned from the centreline by 4.8 meters, which may have been due to the crosswind or pilot error. The local weather conditions, with a temperature of 21 °C and a 7 kt headwind, may have contributed to the slightly higher than expected touchdown speed.

The aircraft's rollout was slightly misaligned from the centreline by 12.0 meters, which may have been due to the pilot's difficulty in maintaining alignment during the rollout phase. The total landing distance of 906 meters was 74% of the runway length, which was within acceptable limits. Overall, the landing was scored 88.1%, indicating a good performance, but with room for improvement in terms of threshold speed and rollout alignment.

83.82 %
Landing
Landing on runway 08 at CYTZ Billy Bishop Toronto City Centre Airport, runway length 1,233 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was well above target at 101 kt.
Height
100 %
Good threshold height. Target 50 ft agl
Speed
75.58 %
Threshold speed was well above target at 101 kt. Target 87 kt
Flare
61.49 %
The flare wandered off the target profile. The flare was pumped rather than held: pitch changed direction 3 times on the way down. Touchdown was 370 m past the threshold. One smooth continuous input - chasing the runway with the elevator makes the next correction bigger, not smaller.
Centreline ft
96.97 %
100 0 -100
Bank °
98.57 %
3 1.5 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
102 96 90
Pitch °
Info
1 -1.5 -4
Descent Rate fpm
Info
-106 -253 -400
07515022530037545001223354658 Runway Distance m Landing Height ft
075150225300375450-25-20-15-10-50510152025 Runway Distance m Runway Width m
85.4 %
Touchdown
Touchdown distance was good at 370 m. Touchdown speed at 91 kt was a little fast. Touchdown rate was fair at -284 fpm. Runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 4.8 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 21 °C. Wind 7 kt at 70 °. Crosswind: 0 kt Headwind: 7 kt.
Touchdown
53.45 %
Touchdown rate was fair at -284 fpm.
Speed
100 %
Touchdown speed at 91 kt was a little fast. Target below 85 kn
Distance
100 %
Touchdown distance was good at 370 m.
Alignment
93.76 %
Runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 4.8 m from centreline.
Bank
93.01 %
Bank angle 0.7 °
G
100 %
G 1.04 g
Bounce
80 %
Bounce Detected
85.27 %
Rollout
Total landing distance 906 m, 74 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was slightly misaligned by 12.0 m from centreline.
Distance
100 %
Landing distance 906 m using 73.52 % of runway
Alignment
67.27 %
Runway rollout alignment was slightly misaligned by 12.0 m from centreline.
G
100 %
1.25 1 0.75
IAS kt
Info
85 62 40
Bank °
Info
3 1.5 0
Pitch °
Info
3 1 -1
0200400600800 Runway Distance m Runway Width m
15.05 %
Taxi
Taxiing to the parking from the runway took less than 1 minute. and covered less than 1 nm.
Landing Lights
1 %
Switched Off
Taxi Lights
100 %
Switched On
Ground Speed kt
0 %
30 15 0
Turn Speed
0 %
30 15 0
G
100 %
1.25 1 0.75
Bank °
Info
2 1 0
Pitch °
Info
2 1 0
Metrics
Metrics

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