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KIAD
Washington, United States
Runway 19C
Elevation285 ft asl
Weight997 kg
Fuel76 kg
Wind200° · 6 kn · 2 kn cross

Flight Score

84.06 %
KIAD
Washington, United States
Runway 30
Elevation308 ft asl
Weight995 kg
Fuel74 kg
Wind200° · 8 kn · 8 kn cross
23 May 2024 0:04 2 nm Cessna Skyhawk 2 kg
Departure Score
94.42 %
Pattern Score
87.14 %
Arrival Score
70.62 %

What went well

Touched down at -105 fpm — a soft arrival
1.11 G at touchdown — inside band
Rollout controlled — 32 % of the runway used

What held you back

Arrival Landing — at 0 %, Landing and flare profile at 0 %, −4.73 points
Pattern Downwind Turn — bank angle up to 41.7 ° at 46 %, Angle to runway (45 degrees) 55.1 ° at 79 %, −2.52 points
Arrival Final 1 — Approach angle 7.0 ° at 0 %, bank angle up to 7.7 ° at 88 %, −1.86 points
Arrival Touchdown — Touchdown distance was 926 m at 0 %, Runway alignment max 13.12 m at 63 %, −1.83 points

Next time

Shorten the long landing

See Arrival Touchdown

Ground effect becomes significant below about one wingspan of height. A Cessna 172, with a 36 ft span, enters ground effect at flare height - the float it feels in the hold-off is ground effect arriving on cue. An A320, with a span around 117 ft, has been in ground effect since before the threshold and there is no sudden cushion to feel, only a gradual reduction in induced drag that lengthens any float you allow.

Read more in Flare Timing

Start to finish · 11 stages, 10 in the score

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Roll 94.28Departure roll runway 19C at KIAD Washington Dulles Intl. Takeoff distance 0 m 0 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 70 kn. Local weather - Temperature 29 °C. Wind 6 kn at 199 °. Crosswind: 2 kn Headwind: 6 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 0 m0 % of runway
99 % Liftoff speed was 70 knTarget 62 kn
72 % Runway alignment max 10.66 m0.00 m left to 10.66 m right -0.09 -8.57 m
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.96 g min to max 1.05 g 1.00 1.04 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 1.5 °-0.1 ° min to max 2.6 ° 2.6 1.8 °
Info Average bank angle 1.6 °0.0 ° min to max 4.0 ° 0.1 1.5 °

Events

Info Battery Master On 3 ft agl · 11 kt
Info Engine 1 Started 3 ft agl · 11 kt
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 11 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 11 kt
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 11 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 11 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 3 ft agl · 11 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 3 ft agl · 11 kt
Departure Climb 1 99.00Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 19C KIAD Washington Dulles Intl.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.2 °-0.5 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.8 -0.5 °
100 % Average speed 73 kn70 kn min to max 74 kn 70 72 kn
99 % Average bank angle 1.0 °0.0 ° min to max 2.3 ° 1.7 0.9 °
92 % Average g force 1.15 g0.91 g min to max 1.39 g 1.04 0.91 g
Info Average VSI 867 ft/m483 ft/m min to max 1,119 ft/m 483 1,119 ft/m
Info Average altitude 12 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 46 ft agl 0 46 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 6.7 °0.9 ° min to max 11.5 ° 1.8 9.8 °
Departure Climb 2 90.00Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 19C KIAD Washington Dulles Intl.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 76 kn72 kn min to max 82 kn 72 82 kn
100 % Average bank angle 1.8 °0.0 ° min to max 5.0 ° 0.9 5.0 °
100 % Average g force 0.87 g0.75 g min to max 1.01 g 0.89 1.01 g
Info Average VSI 519 ft/m-85 ft/m min to max 1,130 ft/m 1,125 -85 ft/m
Info Average altitude 73 ft agl47 ft agl min to max 80 ft agl 47 75 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 3.7 °1.1 ° min to max 9.6 ° 9.6 1.2 °

Events

Info Flaps Fully Retracted 71 ft agl · 82 kt
Pattern Entry 99.14Left hand pattern entry from runway 19C KIAD Washington Dulles Intl. Distance was less than 1 nm in 74 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 93 kn82 kn min to max 112 kn 82 106 kn
100 % Average bank angle 8.4 °0.1 ° min to max 38.1 ° 5.1 34.2 °
91 % Average g force 1.06 g0.82 g min to max 1.40 g 1.01 1.10 g
Info Average VSI 223 ft/m-879 ft/m min to max 1,294 ft/m -88 520 ft/m
Info Average altitude 175 ft agl58 ft agl min to max 579 ft agl 64 579 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 3.1 °-3.4 ° min to max 8.8 ° 1.2 2.4 °

Events

Fail Bounce during liftoff 85 ft agl · 97 kt
Pattern Crosswind 84.93Left hand pattern crosswind from runway 19C KIAD Washington Dulles Intl. Distance was less than 1 nm in 16 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
67 % Heading 10.0 °-2.5 ° min to max 16.9 ° 12.5 16.9 °
100 % Average speed 108 kn106 kn min to max 112 kn 106 110 kn
99 % Average g force 1.03 g0.89 g min to max 1.26 g 1.04 1.11 g
Info Average VSI 122 ft/m-534 ft/m min to max 773 ft/m 228 -151 ft/m
Info Average altitude 593 ft agl553 ft agl min to max 621 ft agl 581 613 ft agl
Info Average bank angle 13.2 °0.2 ° min to max 34.4 ° 34.2 1.1 °
Info Average pitch angle 2.0 °-1.1 ° min to max 4.8 ° 1.1 1.7 °
Pattern Downwind Turn 77.36Pattern Downwind Turn. Distance was 2 nm. Angle to runway (45 degrees) 55.1 °.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
79 % Angle to runway (45 degrees) 55.1 °.
100 % Average speed 95 kn75 kn min to max 115 kn 110 99 kn
46 % Average bank angle 14.3 °0.1 ° min to max 41.7 ° 1.9 0.1 °
97 % Average g force 1.07 g0.72 g min to max 1.30 g 1.06 1.01 g
Info Average VSI 24 ft/m-1,570 ft/m min to max 1,608 ft/m -51 -944 ft/m
Info Average altitude 852 ft agl613 ft agl min to max 1,063 ft agl 613 670 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 1.6 °-8.9 ° min to max 8.8 ° 2.0 -3.9 °
Arrival Final 1 77.69Approaching runway 30 at KIAD Washington Dulles Intl from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 632 ft agl to 158 ft agl. A decrease of 473 ft in 29 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Approach angle 7.0 °6.1 ° min to max 9.0 °Target 3.0 ° 6.2 9.0 °
100 % Average speed 89 kn78 kn min to max 98 kn 98 78 kn
100 % Heading variation -0.0 °-0.2 ° min to max 0.0 ° -0.2 -0.0 °
88 % Average bank angle 2.1 °0.1 ° min to max 7.7 ° 0.1 1.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.81 g min to max 1.14 g 0.98 0.98 g
Info Average VSI -961 ft/m-1,326 ft/m min to max -153 ft/m -918 -852 ft/m
Info Average altitude 389 ft agl158 ft agl min to max 632 ft agl 632 158 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -3.5 °-5.9 ° min to max 2.5 ° -4.0 -4.1 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 446 ft agl · 95 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 298 ft agl · 92 kt
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350400450500550600650Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-60-45-30-15015304560Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Landing 43.22Landing on runway 30 at KIAD Washington Dulles Intl, runway length 3,194 m. Threshold height at 162 ft agl was excessively over target. Threshold speed was too high at 77 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
74 % Threshold speed was too high at 77 kn. Target 63 kn
0 % Landing and flare profile
100 % Heading variation -0.2 °-0.3 ° min to max -0.0 ° -0.0 -0.3 °
98 % Average bank angle 1.0 °0.0 ° min to max 3.4 ° 0.4 1.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.93 g min to max 1.11 g 1.05 0.98 g
Info Average speed 56 kn38 kn min to max 77 kn 77 38 kn
Info Average VSI -266 ft/m-859 ft/m min to max -20 ft/m -859 -105 ft/m
Info Average altitude 36 ft agl11 ft agl min to max 162 ft agl 162 11 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 2.8 °-3.9 ° min to max 6.9 ° -3.6 6.4 °
0751502253003754505256006757508259009751,0501,1250326597129162Runway Distance mLanding Height ft0751502253003754505256006757508259009751,0501,125-24-20-16-12-8-404812162024Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 78.06Touchdown point was 485 m beyond the touchdown zone. Touchdown speed at 38 kn was good. Touchdown rate was smooth at -105 ft/m. Runway touchdown position was misaligned by 13.1 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 29 °C. Wind 8 kn at 200 °. Crosswind: 8 kn Headwind: 0 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
94 % Touchdown VSI was -105 ft/m.
0 % Touchdown distance was 926 mTarget 457 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 38 knTarget 53 kn
63 % Runway alignment max 13.12 m13.05 m right -12.92 -13.11 m
100 % Average bank angle 0.8 °0.6 ° min to max 1.2 ° 1.2 0.7 °
100 % Average g force 1.06 g0.98 g min to max 1.11 g 0.98 1.03 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 38 kn37 kn min to max 38 kn 38 37 kn
Info Average pitch angle 5.7 °5.1 ° min to max 6.4 ° 6.4 5.1 °
Arrival Rollout 83.53Total landing distance 1,024 m, 32 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was slightly misaligned by 13.1 m from centreline.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 1,024 m32 % of runway.
63 % Runway alignment max 13.09 m0.00 m left to 13.09 m right -13.09 -0.50 m
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.99 g min to max 1.03 g 1.03 1.01 g
Info Average speed 43 kn31 kn min to max 47 kn 47 31 kn
Info Average pitch angle 3.0 °2.1 ° min to max 5.0 ° 5.0 2.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.7 °0.0 ° min to max 1.0 ° 0.8 0.0 °
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 8 kn
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 19 kn9 kn min to max 28 kn 28 9 kn
Info Average pitch angle 2.2 °1.9 ° min to max 2.5 ° 2.5 1.9 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.1 ° 0.1 0.1 °
Info Average g force 1.01 g1.01 g min to max 1.01 g 1.01 1.01 g

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Lifted off at 70 kt with 1.8° of pitch.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then.

90 kt6030020°10°0°LIFTOFF1.8° off11° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH01020 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitch

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 m 0 kt 2.5° 0 s
Liftoff435 m 70 kt 1.8° 20.2 s
35 ft579 m · 3.7 s after liftoff 72 kt 11.1° 23.9 s
End of the climb816 m · 75 ft 82 kt 1.2° 30.0 s

Takeoff from KIAD 19C

Takeoff roll100.00
619m18 %
Liftoff speed99.13
70kt
Runway alignment72.27
10.66m R
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Rate of climb99.00
867fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to 75 ft.

Reached 35 ft with 2,746 m of runway left.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length.

500 ft250 ft0THRESHOLDRUNWAY END30405060KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLLiftoff 70 kt
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runway

Plan view the roll down the 3,510 m runway.

Rolled from 185 m in, drifted right of the centreline, 11 m at the widest, and lifted off 8.5 m right. Airborne 17 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

1,0002,0003,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓CROSS2 kn75 %widest 10.65 m RROLL 185 M INAirborne 620 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 620 m of 3,510 m · 18 %
Behind the start of the roll, 185 mTakeoff roll, 435 m Left ahead, 2,889 m

The approach to KIAD 30

The final from 4 nm.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.

High from 1.5 nm, where the final began, to the threshold (up to 480 ft over).

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.

5001,0001,5002,0002,500 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 2° BAND998792456
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height there

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.

Joined 288 m right of the centreline at 1.5 nm, then inside the band from 0.9 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR305 m L0305 m RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND227 m R45 m R0 m L
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the band

Landing and touchdown on KIAD 30

Over the threshold

Threshold height0.00
162ft
Threshold speed73.66
77kt
Centreline offset100.00
0.10m R

Touchdown

Past threshold0.00
946m
Centreline63.30
13.12m R
Speed100.00
38kt
Touchdown rate94.24
-105fpm
Impact100.00
1.11G
BouncesOk
None
The crosswind

7 kt across from the left, which takes about 11° of crab to hold the centreline at 38 kt. Touched down with 10° of it still on, wings level.

Wind 200° at 8 kt · 0 kt tail · 7 kt across

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

The stop

From 49 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 6 s, an average deceleration of 0.17 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

020406030 kt · 113 mtouchdown118 mkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 162 ft, 112 ft above the 50 ft target. Touched down 946 m in, 642 m past the ideal 305 m.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,524 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

162 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 −104 fpm · 6.4° nose up · 38 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 162 ft, down at 946 m

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 770 fpm at 111 ft to 100 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 10.3° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−750−1,500−4°3°10°touchdown−104 fpm at touchdown6.4° at touchdown
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 3,194 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down 13 m right of the centreline, and steered back to 5.1 m right by the end of the rollout.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

5001,0001,500 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ CROSS 7 kn FULL SCORE TO 503 M 946 m past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

Touched down 946 m past the threshold — beyond the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 1,029 m of 3,194 m · 32 %
In the air over the runway, 946 mRollout, 82 m Left over, 2,165 m
Rollout distance100.00
82m32 % used
Rollout alignment63.40
13.09m R

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