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BUSH
1 mile west of Chernofski (Aleutians West Census Area, Alaska, United States), United States
Runway XX
Elevation0 ft asl
Weight2,922 kg
Fuel218 kg
Wind270° · 2 kn · 2 kn cross

Flight Score

82.16 %
PADU
Unalaska, United States
Runway 31
Elevation16 ft asl
Weight2,865 kg
Fuel599 kg
3 May 2023 0:30 49 nm Grumman Goose
Departure Score
92.51 %
Enroute Score
87.49 %
Arrival Score
74.14 %

What went well

Touchdown 81 m in — inside the full-score zone
Rollout controlled — 21 % of the runway used
Airborne in 3 m — 0 % of the runway

What held you back

Enroute Climb — speed limits at 38 %, −4.17 points
Arrival Final 1 — Approach angle 3.3 ° at 0 %, Heading variation -1.5 ° at 0 %, −3.76 points
Departure Climb 2 — bank angle up to 26.1 ° at 37 %, Heading variation 1.3 ° at 90 %, −2.05 points
Arrival Touchdown — bank angle up to 7.9 ° at 0 %, Touchdown VSI was -724 ft/m at 29 %, −1.86 points

Next time

Shorten the long landing

See Arrival Touchdown

Ground effect becomes significant below about one wingspan of height. A Cessna 172, with a 36 ft span, enters ground effect at flare height - the float it feels in the hold-off is ground effect arriving on cue. An A320, with a span around 117 ft, has been in ground effect since before the threshold and there is no sudden cushion to feel, only a gradual reduction in induced drag that lengthens any float you allow.

Read more in Flare Timing

Start to finish · 15 stages, 10 in the score

The flight story

The approach before the go-around was abandoned. Its marks are shown, but only the approach that landed counts.

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Roll 98.92Departure roll 1 mile west of Chernofski (Aleutians West Census Area, Alaska, United States). Bush location altitude 0 ft asl. Takeoff distance 0 m. liftoff speed was 80 kn. Duration was 4 seconds. Local weather - Temperature 16 °C. Wind 2 kn at 270 °. Crosswind: 2 kn Headwind: 1 kn
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
96 % Liftoff speed was 80 knTarget 75 kn
98 % Alignment max 2.01 m0.00 m left to 2.01 m right -2.01 -0.03 m
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.94 g min to max 1.04 g 1.00 1.02 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Takeoff distance 0 m
Info Average pitch angle 1.9 °1.7 ° min to max 2.5 ° 1.7 2.5 °
Info Average bank angle 0.7 °0.0 ° min to max 1.4 ° 1.4 0.2 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights OFF should be ON
Fail Strobe Light OFF should be ON
Info Battery Master On 2 ft agl · 74 kt
Info Engine 1 Started 2 ft agl · 74 kt
Info Engine 2 Started 2 ft agl · 74 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 2 ft agl · 74 kt
Departure Climb 1 97.06Departure climb to 50 ft agl from 1 mile west of Chernofski (Aleutians West Census Area, Alaska, United States).
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
95 % Heading variation 0.9 °-0.5 ° min to max 1.5 ° -0.4 1.4 °
100 % Average speed 87 kn80 kn min to max 94 kn 80 94 kn
95 % Average bank angle 1.2 °0.0 ° min to max 4.0 ° 0.1 4.0 °
97 % Average g force 1.05 g0.79 g min to max 1.30 g 0.94 0.98 g
Info Average VSI 620 ft/m298 ft/m min to max 1,040 ft/m 298 1,040 ft/m
Info Average altitude 7 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 46 ft agl 0 46 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 6.0 °1.8 ° min to max 14.1 ° 2.5 11.4 °
Departure Climb 2 81.54Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 1 mile west of Chernofski (Aleutians West Census Area, Alaska, United States).
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
90 % Heading variation 1.3 °0.7 ° min to max 2.8 ° 1.4 2.8 °
100 % Average speed 94 kn82 kn min to max 98 kn 94 82 kn
37 % Average bank angle 5.1 °0.0 ° min to max 26.1 ° 4.0 26.1 °
100 % Average g force 0.93 g0.89 g min to max 1.18 g 0.96 0.97 g
Info Average VSI 1,096 ft/m587 ft/m min to max 2,356 ft/m 1,052 2,310 ft/m
Info Average altitude 103 ft agl51 ft agl min to max 388 ft agl 51 388 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 10.6 °7.0 ° min to max 22.7 ° 11.2 22.3 °
Enroute Climb 74.98Enroute climb started 1 mile north west of Chernofski (Aleutians West Census Area, Alaska, United States). Climbing from 423 ft asl to 2,594 ft asl, an increase of 2,170 ft in 3 minutes and covering 7 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
38 % Climb speed 113 kn80 kn min to max 128 knTarget 85 kn 80 120 kn
100 % Average bank angle 4.1 °0.0 ° min to max 26.0 ° 26.0 6.8 °
99 % Average g force 0.99 g0.73 g min to max 1.20 g 0.92 0.96 g
Info Average VSI 631 ft/m-1,303 ft/m min to max 2,181 ft/m 2,181 283 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,142 ft asl322 ft asl min to max 2,594 ft asl 423 2,594 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 6.0 °-3.8 ° min to max 20.0 ° 20.0 3.5 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Flaps Fully Retracted 941 ft agl · 104 kt
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started 3 miles west of Sedanka (historical) (Aleutians West Census Area, Alaska, United States) and lasted 5 minutes, covering 11 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 2,795 ft asl2,595 ft asl min to max 2,894 ft asl 2,595 2,818 ft asl
100 % Average speed 129 kn125 kn min to max 131 kn 130 129 kn
100 % Average bank angle 5.2 °0.5 ° min to max 9.8 ° 1.0 2.7 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.96 g min to max 1.03 g 1.03 1.01 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 2.7 °1.3 ° min to max 4.8 ° 2.5 2.4 °
Arrival 35.66Not counted in the flight scoreArrival started 3 miles west of Sedanka (historical) (Aleutians West Census Area, Alaska, United States).
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Average speed 116 kn71 kn min to max 127 kn 124 93 kn
54 % Average bank angle 3.3 °0.0 ° min to max 40.3 ° 3.0 37.2 °
71 % Average g force 1.00 g0.24 g min to max 1.67 g 0.99 0.83 g
Info Average VSI -298 ft/m-2,521 ft/m min to max 2,497 ft/m 190 -76 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,817 ft asl362 ft asl min to max 3,167 ft asl 2,821 399 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 1.4 °-12.9 ° min to max 30.4 ° 2.7 -1.4 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 1,446 ft agl · 127 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 506 ft agl · 115 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 263 ft agl · 105 kt
Info Stall Warning Activated 393 ft agl · 92 kt
Info Stall Warning Deactivated 401 ft agl · 93 kt
Arrival Final 1 66.88Not counted in the flight scoreApproaching runway 31 at PADU Unalaska from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 368 ft agl to 54 ft agl. A decrease of 314 ft in 20 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
53 % Approach angle 3.7 °3.4 ° min to max 4.7 °Target 3.0 ° 4.6 3.4 °
100 % Average speed 102 kn94 kn min to max 106 kn 94 99 kn
73 % Heading variation -0.4 °-1.0 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.3 -0.3 °
39 % Average bank angle 3.8 °0.0 ° min to max 25.2 ° 25.2 4.8 °
39 % Average g force 1.06 g-0.31 g min to max 1.57 g 0.87 1.18 g
Info Average VSI -812 ft/m-1,879 ft/m min to max -42 ft/m -612 -667 ft/m
Info Average altitude 125 ft agl54 ft agl min to max 368 ft agl 368 54 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 0.6 °-14.7 ° min to max 4.5 ° -2.4 3.3 °
Arrival Landing 35.13Not counted in the flight scoreLanding on runway 31 at PADU Unalaska, runway length 1,196 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was excessively high at 98 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Threshold speed was excessively high at 98 kn. Target 65 kn
0 % Landing and flare profile
0 % Heading variation -4.3 °-14.7 ° min to max -0.1 ° -0.2 -14.7 °
60 % Average bank angle 5.4 °0.0 ° min to max 17.1 ° 5.1 2.1 °
82 % Average g force 1.03 g0.68 g min to max 1.56 g 1.19 0.94 g
Info Average speed 76 kn64 kn min to max 98 kn 98 78 kn
Info Average VSI 61 ft/m-804 ft/m min to max 549 ft/m -654 516 ft/m
Info Average altitude 50 ft agl23 ft agl min to max 97 ft agl 53 97 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 9.8 °-1.9 ° min to max 17.6 ° 3.4 10.2 °

Events

Info Stall Warning Activated 30 ft agl · 75 kt
Info Stall Warning Deactivated 33 ft agl · 68 kt
Info Stall Warning Activated 28 ft agl · 67 kt
Info Stall Warning Deactivated 35 ft agl · 69 kt
Arrival 2 89.87Not counted in the flight scoreArrival started .
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 94 kn75 kn min to max 109 kn 78 109 kn
94 % Average bank angle 11.7 °0.0 ° min to max 33.1 ° 2.1 33.1 °
61 % Average g force 1.02 g0.07 g min to max 1.34 g 0.93 1.06 g
Info Average VSI 220 ft/m-1,181 ft/m min to max 1,489 ft/m 518 -1,181 ft/m
Info Average altitude 649 ft asl115 ft asl min to max 996 ft asl 115 693 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 6.5 °-5.5 ° min to max 16.3 ° 10.2 -2.6 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Arrival Final 1 43.63Approaching runway 31 at PADU Unalaska from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 653 ft agl to 27 ft agl. A decrease of 626 ft in 32 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Approach angle 3.3 °1.9 ° min to max 6.2 °Target 3.0 ° 6.2 1.9 °
100 % Average speed 83 kn71 kn min to max 111 kn 109 71 kn
0 % Heading variation -1.5 °-6.8 ° min to max -0.3 ° -6.8 -0.7 °
21 % Average bank angle 7.8 °0.4 ° min to max 32.0 ° 32.0 3.5 °
94 % Average g force 1.06 g0.70 g min to max 1.35 g 1.06 1.29 g
Info Average VSI -969 ft/m-2,098 ft/m min to max -289 ft/m -1,332 -695 ft/m
Info Average altitude 139 ft agl27 ft agl min to max 653 ft agl 653 27 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 2.6 °-9.5 ° min to max 11.4 ° -3.8 9.7 °
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350400450500550600650Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-390-293-195-98098195293390Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Landing 78.05Landing on runway 31 at PADU Unalaska, runway length 1,196 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was slightly above target at 71 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
90 % Threshold speed was slightly above target at 71 kn. Target 65 kn
78 % Landing and flare profile
82 % Heading variation -0.5 °-0.7 ° min to max -0.3 ° -0.7 -0.3 °
85 % Average bank angle 3.5 °0.2 ° min to max 7.6 ° 3.1 7.6 °
97 % Average g force 0.98 g0.70 g min to max 1.28 g 1.28 1.22 g
Info Average speed 70 kn66 kn min to max 72 kn 71 66 kn
Info Average VSI -689 ft/m-795 ft/m min to max -576 ft/m -672 -743 ft/m
Info Average altitude 13 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 26 ft agl 26 0 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 6.4 °0.2 ° min to max 12.6 ° 8.5 12.2 °
07501223354658Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075-18-15-12-9-6-30369121518Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 72.17Touchdown distance was good at 77 m. Touchdown speed at 66 kn was a little fast. Touchdown rate was very heavy at -724 ft/m. Runway touchdown position was slightly misaligned by 6.0 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 15 °C. Wind 2 kn at 270 °. Crosswind: 1 kn Headwind: 1 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
29 % Touchdown VSI was -724 ft/m.
100 % Touchdown distance was 77 mTarget 457 m
99 % Speed at touchdown 66 knTarget 63 kn
85 % Runway alignment max 5.98 m5.37 m right -5.98 -4.90 m
0 % Average bank angle 3.4 °0.6 ° min to max 7.9 ° 7.9 1.8 °
50 % Average g force 1.49 g1.13 g min to max 2.13 g 1.27 1.13 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 65 kn64 kn min to max 66 kn 66 64 kn
Info Average pitch angle 6.2 °3.3 ° min to max 11.6 ° 11.6 3.5 °

Events

Info Stall Warning Activated 5 ft agl · 66 kt
Arrival Rollout 76.86Total landing distance 263 m, 22 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was misaligned by 16.4 m from centreline.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 263 m22 % of runway.
49 % Runway alignment max 16.42 m0.00 m left to 16.42 m right -4.84 -5.48 m
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.91 g min to max 1.23 g 1.12 0.99 g
Info Average speed 57 kn38 kn min to max 62 kn 62 38 kn
Info Average pitch angle 9.2 °4.2 ° min to max 11.7 ° 4.2 9.6 °
Info Average bank angle 1.7 °0.4 ° min to max 4.5 ° 2.4 4.5 °

Events

Info Stall Warning Deactivated 5 ft agl · 60 kt
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 19 kn
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 20 kn13 kn min to max 32 kn 32 13 kn
Info Average pitch angle 9.5 °6.3 ° min to max 10.1 ° 9.6 10.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.8 °0.0 ° min to max 6.6 ° 2.3 1.7 °
Info Average g force 0.98 g0.91 g min to max 1.07 g 1.07 0.98 g

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 5 ft agl · 17 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 5 ft agl · 25 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 5 ft agl · 15 kt
Arrival Taxi 100.00Taxiing to the parking from the runway took 2 minutes and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 8 kn0 kn min to max 14 kn 13 0 kn
100 % Average speed turning corners 0 knmax 0 kn 0 0 kn
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.96 g min to max 1.03 g 0.99 0.99 g
Info Average pitch angle 9.6 °8.9 ° min to max 11.5 ° 9.5 9.4 °
Info Average bank angle 0.6 °0.0 ° min to max 1.8 ° 0.7 0.2 °

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Lifted off at 80 kt with 2.5° of pitch.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then.

120 kt8040025°13°0°LIFTOFF2.5° off13° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH01020 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitch

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 m 72 kt 1.7° 0 s
Liftoff200 m 80 kt 2.5° 4.7 s
35 ft628 m · 9.5 s after liftoff 93 kt 13.1° 14.2 s
End of the climb1,301 m · 384 ft 82 kt 22.3° 29.2 s

Bush takeoff near 1 mile west of Chernofski (Aleutians West Census Area, Alaska, United States)

Takeoff roll100.00
3m0 %
Liftoff speed96.30
80kt
Runway alignment98.32
2.01m R
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Rate of climb97.06
620fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to 384 ft.

Reached 35 ft with 1,095 m of runway left; then climbing at 940 fpm on average to 384 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length.

500 ft250 ft0THRESHOLDRUNWAY END3040506070KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLLiftoff 80 kt
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runway

Plan view there is no runway in the data, so the takeoff is marked against a virtual 1,524 m strip, 15.24 m wide, laid along the roll.

Drifted 2 m right of the centreline and was back on it to lift off.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

5001,0001,500THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓CROSS2 kn75 %widest 2.04 m RAirborne 0 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 0 m of 1,524 m · 0 %
Takeoff roll, 0 m Left ahead, 1,524 m

The approach to PADU 31

The final from 4 nm.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.

High from 1.1 nm, where the final began, to 0.6 nm (up to 400 ft over), then back on it to the threshold.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.

5001,0001,5002,0002,500 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 2° BAND770320
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height there

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.

Joined 321 m right of the centreline at 1.1 nm.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR305 m L0305 m RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND202 m R117 m R
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the band

Landing and touchdown on PADU 31

Over the threshold

Threshold height57.27
25ft
Threshold speed90.26
71kt
Centreline offset82.14
0.21m R

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
81m
Centreline84.60
5.98m R
Speed98.71
66kt
Touchdown rate29.02
-724fpm
Impact49.71
2.13G
BouncesOk
None
The crosswind

No wind recorded: nothing to correct for. Touched down with the nose 5° right of the track, 8° of bank.

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

The stop

From 67 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 10 s, an average deceleration of 0.21 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

02040608060 kt · 36 m30 kt · 225 mtouchdown234 mkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

Side view — the last 1,196 m of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 25 ft, 25 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 81 m in, 224 m short of the ideal 305 m.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,196 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

25 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 −724 fpm · 12.2° nose up · 66 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 25 ft, down at 81 m

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink grew from 460 fpm at 28 ft to 720 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 3.7° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−750−1,5000°6°13°touchdown−724 fpm at touchdown12.2° at touchdown
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the full 1,196 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down 4.9 m right of the centreline and drifted to 15 m right on the rollout.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended.

5001,000 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ FULL SCORE TO 503 M 81 m past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 81 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The 2.13 G arrival is the firm side of smooth.

Runway used 249 m of 1,196 m · 21 %
In the air over the runway, 81 mRollout, 169 m Left over, 947 m
Rollout distance100.00
169m21 % used
Rollout alignment48.57
16.42m R

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