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MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Departure
Level the wings with coordinated aileron to hold bank angle near zero during the initial climb, starting from 8.4°.
What happened: Bank angle was elevated during the initial climb and excess bank usually persists into the second climb segment.
Watch for: Attitude indicator, wings level with bank angle near zero degrees.
Arrival
Level the wings with coordinated aileron on short final so bank stays near wings-level through touchdown.
What happened: Wings were not level through the landing phase, with bank angle at 2.9° on short final.
Watch for: Watch the bank angle indicator, holding it near wings-level through the landing and touchdown.
Preparing for a stable approach will give you time to decide on whether to attempt the landing or going around. Too much altitude with a high sink rate will result in carrying too much speed onto the runway. Configuring flaps and the gear late also won't help the speed decay.
Read more in The Stabilised ApproachStart to finish · 13 stages, 11 in the score
Events
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From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.
Rotated at 125 kt, 7 kt above the 118 kt target, and lifted off at 133 kt 1.9 s later, the nose coming up at 3.5° a second. Climb 3 averaged 164 kt, 24 kt under its 188 kt target.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The dashed green line is the speed to rotate at for this aircraft at its weight, and the green dot is where the nose started to come up. The figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up, in degrees a second. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.
The takeoff, point by point
Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 945 ft.
Reached 35 ft with 1,927 m of runway left; gear up at 42 ft, inside the 400 ft that gets full marks; then climbing at 2,200 fpm on average to 945 ft.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The gear-up ring is coloured by its mark. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.
Plan view the roll down the 3,284 m runway.
Rolled from 89 m in, drifted 4.7 m left of the centreline and was back on it to lift off. Airborne 28 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
One stabilised approach gate: seven checks where the approach path is 500 ft above the runway. The 1,000 ft gate was not assessed, because the approach did not join final that far out. These checks are the approach's score.
At the 500 ft gate: centreline more than 1° off and speed more than 17 kt above the approach speed of 115 kt.
When the approach was stable
Every check met from 2.4 to 2.0 nm, then not again: fast from 1.7 nm and left of the centreline from 0.9 nm to the threshold.
Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.
The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.
Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 1° band in green.
Inside the glideslope band from 2.9 nm, where the final began, to the threshold, never more than 100 ft above the slope.
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.
Outside the 1° band 3 times; furthest 421 m right at 2.9 nm.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 29 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 17 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.
Inside the speed band from 2.9 nm, where the final began, to 1.7 nm, then fast to the threshold (up to +22 kt).
Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.
Over the threshold
Touchdown
The flare wandered off the target profile. The aircraft was flown onto the runway - pitch changed 2.2° and the descent was barely arrested. Touchdown was 665 m past the threshold. Start the flare with progressive back pressure rather than one pull, and keep it coming.
Little crosswind (2 kt): nothing to correct for. Touched down straight, 6° of bank.
Wind 001° at 3 kt · 1 kt head · 2 kt across
The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.
From 117 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 21 s, an average deceleration of 0.21 g.
Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.
Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.
Crossed the threshold at 36 ft, 14 ft below the 50 ft target; began the flare at 27 ft. Touched down 665 m in, 361 m past the ideal 305 m.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,524 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
The sink went from 360 fpm at the flare to 100 fpm at 16 ft, then back up to 280 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 0.8° on the way down.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 3,284 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down 6.1 m left of the centreline, and steered back to 2.4 m left by the end of the rollout.
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
Touched down 665 m past the threshold — beyond the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.
The rest of the report
The Cessna Citation Longitude commenced its departure roll on runway 05R at NZAA Auckland International Airport, accelerating through a takeoff distance of 923 m, which represented 28 % of the available runway. Liftoff was achieved at 134 kt. Ambient conditions recorded a temperature of 33 °C with a wind of 3 kt from 1°, including a 3 kt cross-wind component and a 1 kt head-wind.
During the en-route climb, the aircraft lifted off overhead NZAA and rose from 1,007 ft asl to 1,469 ft asl, gaining 462 ft in 1 minute while covering 2 nm.
The level cruise segment began approximately 1 mile southwest of Wiri and was maintained for 4 minutes, during which the aircraft traversed 12 nm.
On final approach to runway 05R, the aircraft was positioned 2 nm west of the field, aligned on a heading of 69.0° and descending at 794 ft agl.
The subsequent descent reduced altitude from 1,029 ft agl to 49 ft agl in 76 seconds, and the approach was recorded as having scored on the stabilisation gates.
Touchdown occurred on runway 05R, whose total length is 3,284 m. The threshold speed was slightly above target at 133 kt. The aircraft contacted the runway 246 m beyond the designated touchdown zone at a speed of 115 kt, with a vertical rate of minus 222 fpm. Lateral alignment was off centreline by 6.1 m. Local weather at landing reported a temperature of 32 °C, wind 5 kt from 1°, a 4 kt cross-wind and a 2 kt head-wind. The total landing distance measured 985 m, representing 30 % of the runway.
Runway rollout was noted as very good, with the aircraft maintaining proper alignment throughout the deceleration phase.
In total, the flight covered 20 nm, required 7 minutes of flight time, and consumed 667 kg of fuel.
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