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MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Departure
Reduce climb power to bring speed back to 89 kt and hold it there.
What happened: Climb speed was 19 kt fast at 108 kt during the climb.
Watch for: Airspeed indicator: 89 kt in the climb
Arrival
Apply steady, continuous back pressure through the flare to arrest the sink smoothly and hold the normal profile, rather than letting it drift.
What happened: The flare did not hold its target profile, with the sink most arrested at 3.2 ft, and this flight then touched down at 207 fpm of sink - a firm arrival. An unsettled flare profile like this usually carries through to a firmer touchdown.
Watch for: Vertical speed indicator: a smooth, steadily decreasing sink rate through the flare to touchdown.
Preparing for a stable approach will give you time to decide on whether to attempt the landing or going around. Too much altitude with a high sink rate will result in carrying too much speed onto the runway. Configuring flaps and the gear late also won't help the speed decay.
Read more in The Stabilised ApproachStart to finish · 15 stages, 13 in the score
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Taxi out
The roll
The nose wandered in the climb
From 35 ft to the end of the climb the nose moved between 2.6° and 11.8°, and the speed between 91 kt and 127 kt.
Once clear of the runway the nose moved through a wide range, and the speed moved with it. Set the climb attitude, hold it and trim, and give the speed a few seconds to settle before correcting it with a degree or two of pitch. Chasing the airspeed with large pitch changes makes it wander more.
Liftoff and climb
Plan view the roll down the 1,148 m runway.
Rolled from 569 m in, drifted right of the centreline, 2.5 m at the widest, and lifted off 2.5 m right. Airborne 77 % of the way down the runway, past the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 964 ft. The distance scale changes past the runway end.
Reached 35 ft 63 m past the runway end; gear up at 27 ft, inside the 400 ft that gets full marks; then climbing at 810 fpm on average to 964 ft.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The dark stretch of the roll is the run with the nose up and the wheels still on, with its length and time under the runway. The gear-up ring is coloured by its mark. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.
Speed and pitch from brake release to the end of the climb, against time.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The dashed green line is the speed to rotate at for this aircraft at its weight, and the green dot is where the nose started to come up. The grey band is the run between the nose coming up and the wheels leaving the runway. The figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up, in degrees a second. The grey dashed line across the pitch is the attitude held from 35 ft to the end: a nose held steady is a climb speed that holds, and the airspeed trace sits directly above it to compare. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.
One stabilised approach gate: five checks where the approach path is 500 ft above the runway. The 1,000 ft gate was not assessed, because the approach did not join final that far out. These checks are the approach's score.
At the 500 ft gate: gear still up, sink rate more than 600 fpm beyond what the glideslope needed, glideslope more than 2° off the runway's 3° and speed more than 20 kt above the approach speed of 67 kt.
Still turning onto final at the lower gate, so the centreline and wings level are not asked there - the aeroplane was not lined up yet, and was banked because it was turning. The other checks are marked as usual.
When the approach was stable
Every check met from 0.4 nm, about 210 ft above the runway, to the threshold, after the 500 ft gate. The last to settle was the speed.
Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.
The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.
Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.
High from 2.4 nm, where the final began, to 1.1 nm (up to 1,170 ft over), then back on it to the threshold.
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.
Joined 1,328 m left of the centreline at 2.4 nm, then inside the band from 0.9 nm to the threshold.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 34 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 20 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.
Fast from 2.4 nm, where the final began, to 0.4 nm (up to +49 kt), then inside the band to the threshold.
Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.
Over the threshold
The flare mostly held the target profile
The flare began at 9 ft agl above the runway, lower than this aircraft wants. Touchdown was 148 m past the threshold. Begin raising the nose earlier - a late flare leaves no time to arrest the sink.
Touchdown
Rollout
Taxi in
Side view — the last 582 m of the approach.
Began the flare late, at 9 ft; crossed the threshold at 7 ft, 43 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 148 m in, 157 m short of the ideal 305 m.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 582 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
The sink went from 260 fpm at the flare to 40 fpm at 3 ft, then back up to 210 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 2.7° on the way down. Into the flare at 71 kt, 4 kt over the 67 kt approach speed, and 60 kt at touchdown.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the full 582 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down on the centreline, and stayed within 1.4 m of it down the rollout. No crosswind: nothing to correct for. Touched down straight, wings level.
Wind 059° at 3 kt · 3 kt head · 0 kt across
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. The sentence gives the nose against the direction you were actually moving as the wheels touched, and the steepest bank as they touched, the figure the touchdown's Bank tile marks. The rest of it is shown for reading, not marked.
The 148 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.
The stop — touchdown to taxi speed.
From 58 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 12 s, an average deceleration of 0.12 g.
Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.
The rest of the report
The Commander 114 taxied from the parking area to runway 24 at LZZI Žilina-Dolný Hričov Airport in 3 minutes, covering less than 1 nm.
Take-off was performed on runway 24. The aircraft used 892 m of runway (78 % of runway) and rotated at 67 kt. Local weather was 7 °C, wind 3 kt from 018°, with a 2 kt crosswind and a 2 kt tailwind.
Initial climb to 1 000 ft agl took 68 seconds, averaging 784 fpm and reaching 127 kt at the top of the climb.
The climb continued from 1 995 ft asl to 10 013 ft asl in 15 minutes, covering 35 nm and passing overhead Bytca.
Level flight was maintained at 10 000 ft asl for 70 minutes, covering 186 nm, beginning 1 mile west of Vlckova.
Descent from 10 007 ft asl to 2 604 ft asl was completed in 6 minutes over 13 nm, starting overhead Bezverov.
Final approach to runway 07 at LKBZ Bezdružice Airstrip began with a descent from 1 811 ft agl to 33 ft agl in 90 seconds. At 500 ft above the runway the stabilisation checks were: landing flap - met; gear down, sink rate, on glideslope, on speed - not met. Gear was lowered at 791 ft agl at 119 kt. The final flap position 3 was selected at 427 ft agl at 98 kt.
Landing was made on runway 07 (runway length 582 m). The threshold height was good and the threshold speed was slightly above target at 71 kt. The flare was described as very good, although it started late. Touchdown occurred 147 m down the runway at 60 kt, with a rate of -208 fpm, which was judged fair. Alignment on touchdown and during rollout was perfect. No bounce occurred.
Total landing distance was 438 m (75 % of runway).
After landing, the aircraft taxied to the parking area in less than 1 minute, covering less than 1 nm.
The flight covered 239 nm in 95 minutes and used 23 kg of fuel.
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