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KPBI
West Palm Beach, United States
Runway 10L
Elevation13 ft asl
Weight3,214 kg
Fuel351 kg
Wind140° · 6 kn · 4 kn cross

Flight Score

97.35 %
MYGW
West End, Bahamas
Runway 12
Elevation3 ft asl
Weight3,130 kg
Fuel257 kg
Wind140° · 10 kn · 5 kn cross
19 Jul 2024 0:28 59 nm Cessna Grand Caravan 94 kg
Departure Score
94.80 %
Enroute Score
99.54 %
Arrival Score
97.59 %

What went well

Touched down at -164 fpm — a soft arrival
Touchdown 184 m in — inside the full-score zone
Threshold crossed at 16 ft and 67 kt — both inside band

What held you back

Departure Taxi — Taxi Lights at 0 %, −0.93 points
Departure Roll — Landing Lights at 0 %, Liftoff speed was 86 kn at 71 %, −0.72 points
Arrival Touchdown — bounce at touchdown; bank angle up to 7.3 ° at 36 %, Landing Bounce at 80 %, −0.45 points

Next time

Know your rotation speed

See Departure Roll

A typical trainer rotates in the mid-50s of knots - a 172 at around 55 KIAS, climbing out at a Vy in the low 70s, though check your own POH rather than memorising Cessna's numbers - and the transferable rule is that Vr sits just above the stall speed in takeoff configuration. Rotate early because "it felt ready" and the aircraft lifts off inside ground effect, where induced drag is reduced, then climbs out of it into more drag. On a marginal-performance day the result is an aircraft that lifts off and then refuses to climb, sagging back towards the runway.

Read more in Improve Your Take-Offs

Start to finish · 18 stages, 15 in the score

The flight story

The approach before the go-around was abandoned. Its marks are shown, but only the approach that landed counts.

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 86.00Taxiing from the parking to the runway took 9 minutes and covered 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
90 % Average speed 11 kn0 kn min to max 26 kn 0 11 kn
100 % Average speed turning corners 9 knmax 12 kn 0 0 kn
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.97 g min to max 1.01 g 1.01 1.00 g
Info Average pitch angle 0.3 °-0.6 ° min to max 1.2 ° 0.4 0.4 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.0 0.2 °

Events

Fail Taxi Lights
Info Parking Brake Off 7 ft agl · 4 kt
Info Parking Brake On 7 ft agl · 4 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 7 ft agl · 4 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 7 ft agl · 4 kt
Info Parking Brake On 7 ft agl · 3 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 7 ft agl · 3 kt
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 10L at KPBI Palm Beach Intl, Average speed was 6 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 19 kn0 kn min to max 25 kn 14 24 kn
Info Average pitch angle 0.2 °-0.7 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.5 0.4 °
Info Average bank angle 0.4 °0.0 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.2 0.1 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 7 ft agl · 27 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 7 ft agl · 26 kt
Departure Roll 89.26Departure roll runway 10L at KPBI Palm Beach Intl. Takeoff distance 145 m 6 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 86 kn. Local weather - Temperature 29 °C. Wind 6 kn at 140 °. Crosswind: 4 kn Headwind: 4 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 145 m6 % of runway
71 % Liftoff speed was 86 knTarget 83 kn
100 % Runway alignment max 2.51 m1.72 m left to 0.79 m right -0.77 0.81 m
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.96 g min to max 1.10 g 1.00 1.10 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 0.0 °-0.5 ° min to max 2.7 ° 0.5 2.7 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.1 0.6 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights
Departure Climb 1 100.00Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 10L KPBI Palm Beach Intl.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.1 °-0.1 ° min to max -0.0 ° -0.0 -0.1 °
100 % Average speed 92 kn87 kn min to max 96 kn 87 96 kn
100 % Average bank angle 1.0 °0.4 ° min to max 1.4 ° 0.6 1.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.06 g0.86 g min to max 1.31 g 1.14 0.86 g
Info Average VSI 563 ft/m298 ft/m min to max 668 ft/m 298 614 ft/m
Info Average altitude 18 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 41 ft agl 0 41 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 4.6 °2.6 ° min to max 5.4 ° 3.4 2.6 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Down 46 ft agl · 105 kt
Departure Climb 2 99.65Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 10L KPBI Palm Beach Intl.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.1 °-0.2 ° min to max 0.2 ° -0.1 0.2 °
100 % Average speed 105 kn96 kn min to max 117 kn 96 113 kn
99 % Average bank angle 1.0 °0.0 ° min to max 2.5 ° 1.5 1.6 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.79 g min to max 1.40 g 0.84 0.98 g
Info Average VSI 580 ft/m265 ft/m min to max 1,716 ft/m 596 1,433 ft/m
Info Average altitude 88 ft agl42 ft agl min to max 381 ft agl 42 381 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 3.2 °0.5 ° min to max 8.9 ° 2.6 6.4 °
Departure Climb 3 99.10Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 10L KPBI Palm Beach Intl.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.5 °0.2 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.2 0.7 °
100 % Average speed 129 kn114 kn min to max 146 kn 114 140 kn
96 % Average bank angle 1.4 °0.0 ° min to max 3.7 ° 1.2 2.7 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.69 g min to max 1.33 g 0.91 0.83 g
100 % Landing gear up
Info Average VSI 1,167 ft/m193 ft/m min to max 2,354 ft/m 1,331 1,631 ft/m
Info Average altitude 683 ft agl402 ft agl min to max 991 ft agl 402 991 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 4.6 °-0.3 ° min to max 8.1 ° 5.8 4.9 °
Enroute Climb 97.69Enroute climb started 1 mile south west of Palm Beach (Florida, United States). Climbing from 1,031 ft asl to 4,327 ft asl, an increase of 3,296 ft in 3 minutes and covering 8 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 138 kn112 kn min to max 148 kn 140 115 kn
100 % Average bank angle 1.3 °0.0 ° min to max 6.6 ° 3.7 6.6 °
77 % Average g force 1.00 g0.52 g min to max 2.31 g 0.86 0.93 g
Info Average VSI 1,057 ft/m-332 ft/m min to max 2,171 ft/m 1,286 620 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,989 ft asl1,031 ft asl min to max 4,327 ft asl 1,031 4,327 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 5.0 °0.4 ° min to max 11.5 ° 4.4 4.2 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started 6 miles east of Palm Beach (Florida, United States) and lasted less than 1 minute. , covering 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 4,369 ft asl4,326 ft asl min to max 4,407 ft asl 4,334 4,387 ft asl
100 % Average speed 131 kn116 kn min to max 143 kn 116 143 kn
100 % Average bank angle 7.6 °6.7 ° min to max 8.6 ° 6.7 7.6 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.77 g min to max 1.45 g 0.94 1.02 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 1.7 °-2.1 ° min to max 3.7 ° 3.7 0.8 °

Events

Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Activated 4,343 ft agl · 134 kt
Info Autopilot Flight Director Activated 4,343 ft agl · 134 kt
Info Autopilot Master Switched On 4,339 ft agl · 145 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 4,407 ft agl · 150 kt
Enroute Climb 2 100.00Enroute climb started 6 miles west of ZC04 West Palm Beach Carrier - CVN76 (Florida, United States). Climbing from 4,386 ft asl to 8,989 ft asl, an increase of 4,602 ft in 6 minutes and covering 15 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 134 kn115 kn min to max 146 kn 144 139 kn
100 % Average bank angle 8.6 °0.0 ° min to max 24.4 ° 7.2 0.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.96 g min to max 1.21 g 1.01 0.98 g
Info Average VSI 564 ft/m-51 ft/m min to max 1,193 ft/m -40 78 ft/m
Info Average altitude 6,110 ft asl4,381 ft asl min to max 8,989 ft asl 4,386 8,989 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 3.3 °0.4 ° min to max 7.1 ° 0.8 0.9 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 4,383 ft agl · 160 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Activated 4,383 ft agl · 160 kt
Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Deactivated 4,465 ft agl · 160 kt
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Activated 4,532 ft agl · 156 kt
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 5,331 ft agl · 154 kt
Info Battery Master On 7 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Engine 1 Started 7 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 7 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 7 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 8,904 ft agl · 156 kt
Info Autopilot Vertical Hold Deactivated 8,904 ft agl · 156 kt
Enroute Level 2 100.00Enroute level cruise started 8 miles east of ZC04 West Palm Beach Carrier - CVN76 (Florida, United States) and lasted 7 minutes, covering 21 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 8,986 ft asl8,976 ft asl min to max 8,997 ft asl 8,994 8,976 ft asl
100 % Average speed 146 kn141 kn min to max 149 kn 141 147 kn
100 % Average bank angle 4.6 °0.1 ° min to max 15.1 ° 7.6 8.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.57 g min to max 1.08 g 0.97 0.57 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 0.6 °-2.6 ° min to max 1.1 ° 0.8 -2.6 °

Events

Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Activated 8,977 ft agl · 173 kt
Info Autopilot Master Switched Off 8,980 ft agl · 174 kt
Enroute Descent 100.00Enroute descent started 13 miles west of West End (West Grand Bahama District, Bahamas). Descent from 8,962 ft asl to 1,806 ft asl, a decrease of 7,156 ft in 3 minutes and covering 9 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 165 kn147 kn min to max 177 kn 147 161 kn
100 % Average bank angle 6.2 °0.6 ° min to max 14.7 ° 13.2 1.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.70 g min to max 1.28 g 1.05 1.16 g
Info Average VSI -2,295 ft/m-4,325 ft/m min to max -265 ft/m -599 -1,966 ft/m
Info Average altitude 6,021 ft asl1,806 ft asl min to max 8,962 ft asl 8,962 1,806 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -6.8 °-13.6 ° min to max -0.7 ° -1.4 -5.1 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Fail Overspeed Warning Activated 7,902 ft agl · 203 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Deactivated 8,567 ft agl · 192 kt
Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Deactivated 8,557 ft agl · 191 kt
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Deactivated 8,549 ft agl · 188 kt
Info Overspeed Warning Deactivated 7,815 ft agl · 200 kt
Info Overspeed Warning Activated 3,268 ft agl · 189 kt
Info Overspeed Warning Deactivated 3,187 ft agl · 187 kt
Arrival 98.23Not counted in the flight scoreArrival started 13 miles west of West End (West Grand Bahama District, Bahamas).
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 130 kn85 kn min to max 160 kn 160 85 kn
100 % Average bank angle 2.5 °0.1 ° min to max 6.8 ° 0.2 2.5 °
91 % Average g force 1.01 g0.19 g min to max 1.75 g 1.16 1.11 g
Info Average VSI -1,075 ft/m-3,427 ft/m min to max 179 ft/m -1,706 -578 ft/m
Info Average altitude 997 ft asl402 ft asl min to max 1,780 ft asl 1,780 402 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -4.8 °-13.7 ° min to max 0.5 ° -4.0 -2.5 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Taxi Lights Switched On 1,189 ft agl · 160 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 1,170 ft agl · 159 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 717 ft agl · 122 kt
Info Flaps Position 2 574 ft agl · 111 kt
Arrival Final 2 99.86Approaching runway 12 at MYGW West End from 2 nm to 1 nm. Descent from 391 ft agl to 362 ft agl. A decrease of 30 ft in 3 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 3.3 °3.3 ° min to max 3.3 °Target 3.0 ° 3.3 3.3 °
100 % Average speed 83 kn81 kn min to max 84 kn 84 81 kn
100 % Heading variation -0.2 °-0.2 ° min to max -0.2 ° -0.2 -0.2 °
99 % Average bank angle 2.4 °1.7 ° min to max 3.2 ° 1.7 1.9 °
100 % Average g force 0.98 g0.96 g min to max 1.03 g 0.96 1.03 g
Info Average VSI -553 ft/m-620 ft/m min to max -498 ft/m -498 -620 ft/m
Info Average altitude 377 ft agl362 ft agl min to max 391 ft agl 391 362 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -3.9 °-4.5 ° min to max -3.5 ° -3.6 -3.5 °
11.251.51.752250300350400Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft11.251.51.752-40-30-20-10010203040Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Final 1 99.80Approaching runway 12 at MYGW West End from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 348 ft agl to 39 ft agl. A decrease of 310 ft in 36 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 2.2 °1.6 ° min to max 3.3 °Target 3.0 ° 3.3 1.6 °
100 % Average speed 71 kn68 kn min to max 80 kn 80 68 kn
100 % Heading variation -0.0 °-0.2 ° min to max 0.0 ° -0.1 0.0 °
99 % Average bank angle 1.1 °0.0 ° min to max 3.9 ° 2.6 0.7 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.86 g min to max 1.12 g 1.06 1.02 g
Info Average VSI -453 ft/m-725 ft/m min to max -298 ft/m -386 -298 ft/m
Info Average altitude 93 ft agl39 ft agl min to max 348 ft agl 348 39 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -1.5 °-5.3 ° min to max 0.0 ° -2.1 -0.2 °
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-40-30-20-10010203040Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Landing 100.00Landing on runway 12 at MYGW West End, runway length 1,551 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was slightly below target at 68 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was slightly below target at 68 kn. Target 75 kn
100 % Landing and flare profile
100 % Heading variation 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.1 ° 0.0 0.0 °
100 % Average bank angle 0.9 °0.0 ° min to max 1.5 ° 0.8 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.92 g min to max 1.10 g 1.00 0.94 g
Info Average speed 67 kn65 kn min to max 68 kn 68 65 kn
Info Average VSI -227 ft/m-292 ft/m min to max -146 ft/m -292 -163 ft/m
Info Average altitude 7 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 17 ft agl 17 0 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 0.3 °-0.3 ° min to max 1.7 ° -0.2 0.3 °
07515022530037545052560001223354658Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150225300375450525600-18-15-12-9-6-30369121518Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 93.26Touchdown distance was good at 183 m. Touchdown speed at 65 kn was a little fast. Touchdown rate was good at -163 ft/m. Runway touchdown alignment was very good. Local weather - Temperature 30 °C. Wind 10 kn at 139 °. Crosswind: 5 kn Headwind: 9 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
98 % Touchdown VSI was -163 ft/m.
100 % Touchdown distance was 183 mTarget 457 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 65 knTarget 64 kn
100 % Runway alignment max 3.29 m2.02 m right 0.54 -0.50 m
36 % Average bank angle 4.1 °0.0 ° min to max 7.3 ° 0.2 0.0 °
100 % Average g force 0.96 g0.87 g min to max 1.25 g 0.94 0.96 g
80 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 59 kn49 kn min to max 65 kn 65 49 kn
Info Average pitch angle 3.3 °0.3 ° min to max 6.0 ° 0.3 5.3 °

Events

Fail Bounce during touchdown 14 ft agl · 68 kt
Arrival Rollout 95.04Total landing distance 594 m, 38 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was very good.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 594 m38 % of runway.
89 % Runway alignment max 6.07 m0.00 m left to 6.07 m right -1.51 -5.54 m
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.02 g 0.99 1.00 g
Info Average speed 44 kn36 kn min to max 51 kn 51 36 kn
Info Average pitch angle 1.2 °0.4 ° min to max 4.9 ° 4.9 0.4 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 1.8 ° 1.8 0.1 °
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 10 kn
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 23 kn4 kn min to max 61 kn 33 61 kn
Info Average pitch angle 0.2 °-0.3 ° min to max 0.6 ° 0.4 -0.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.0 0.1 °
Info Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 0.99 g

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Lifted off at 86 kt with 3.4° of pitch.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.

150 kt10050020°10°0°LIFTOFF3.4° off3° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH0204060 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchClimb 3

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 m 13 kt 0.5° 0 s
Liftoff512 m 86 kt 3.4° 19.4 s
35 ft705 m · 3.8 s after liftoff 96 kt 3.0° 23.2 s
End of Climb 34,100 m · 991 ft 140 kt 4.9° 76 s

Takeoff from KPBI 10L

Taxi lightsFail
Off
Takeoff roll100.00
508m21 %
Liftoff speed71.32
86kt
Runway alignment100.00
1.72m L
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Rate of climb100.00
563fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 991 ft.

Reached 35 ft with 1,050 m of runway left; then climbing at 1,050 fpm on average to 991 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.

1,000 ft500 ft0CLIMB 3THRESHOLDRUNWAY END304050607080KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLLiftoff 86 kt
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runwayClimb 3

Plan view the roll down the 2,431 m runway.

Rolled from 676 m in, drifted 1.6 m left of the centreline and was back on it to lift off. Airborne 48 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

5001,0001,5002,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓CROSS4 kn75 %widest 1.62 m LROLL 676 M INAirborne 1,188 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 1,188 m of 2,431 m · 49 %
Behind the start of the roll, 676 mTakeoff roll, 512 m Left ahead, 1,243 m

The approach to MYGW 12

The final from 4 nm.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.

Inside the glideslope band from 3.9 nm, where the final began, to the threshold, never more than 560 ft above the slope.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.

5001,0001,5002,0002,500 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 2° BAND1,8481,278787641408192
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height there

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.

Joined 1,040 m right of the centreline at 3.9 nm, then inside the band from 1.6 nm to the threshold.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR305 m L0305 m RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND1040 m R574 m R188 m R31 m R0 m R4 m R
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the band

Landing and touchdown on MYGW 12

Over the threshold

Threshold height100.00
16ft
Threshold speed100.00
67kt
Centreline offset100.00
0.02m L

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
184m
Centreline100.00
2.75m R
Speed100.00
65kt
Touchdown rate97.84
-164fpm
Impact100.00
1.25G
Bounces80.00
1
The crosswind

4 kt across from the right, which takes about 4° of crab to hold the centreline at 65 kt. Touched down with 4° of it still on, wings level.

Wind 140° at 10 kt · 9 kt head · 4 kt across

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 16 ft, 34 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 184 m in, 121 m short of the ideal 305 m.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,524 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

16 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 −162 fpm · 0.3° nose up · 65 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 16 ft, down at 184 m

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 210 fpm at 16 ft to 160 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 0.6° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,000−1°4°10°touchdown−162 fpm at touchdown0.3° at touchdown
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 1,551 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down on the centreline, and stayed within 2.7 m of it down the rollout.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

5001,0001,500 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ CROSS 4 kn FULL SCORE TO 503 M 184 m past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 184 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The 1.25 G arrival bounced.

Runway used 366 m of 1,551 m · 24 %
In the air over the runway, 184 mRollout, 183 m Left over, 1,185 m
Rollout distance100.00
183m24 % used
Rollout alignment88.98
6.07m R

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