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CYAM
Sault Ste Marie, Canada
Runway 12
Elevation617 ft asl
Weight9,088 lbs
Fuel1,725 lbs
Wind120° · 12 kn · 3 kn cross

Flight Score

93.77 %
CYCK
Chatham, Canada
Runway 06
Elevation643 ft asl
Weight8,227 lbs
Fuel862 lbs
Wind110° · 15 kn · 13 kn cross
24 Mar 2024 0:52 277 nm Honda HA420 863 lbs
Departure Score
88.39 %
Enroute Score
100.00 %
Arrival Score
91.90 %

What went well

Touchdown 1,092 ft in — inside the full-score zone
Rollout held the centreline — 0.1 ft off at taxi speed
Airborne in 3,455 ft — 57 % of the runway

What held you back

Departure Roll — taxi light on should off; Runway alignment max 329.5 ft at 0 %, −2.50 points
Departure Climb 3 — bounce on liftoff; bank angle up to 25.0 ° at 40 %, −1.01 points
Arrival Landing — at 57 %, Landing and flare profile at 60 %, −0.99 points

Next time

Maintain the centreline

See Departure Roll

A small uncorrected heading error at 40 knots becomes a metre of offset per second by 100 knots, noticed only at rotation, producing a crabbed liftoff. Root cause is nearly always eyes on the tape instead of the far end of the runway. Small heading changes displace a distant point visibly long before the nearby centreline stripes look wrong.

Read more in Improve Your Take-Offs

Start to finish · 16 stages, 14 in the score

The flight story

The approach before the go-around was abandoned. Its marks are shown, but only the approach that landed counts.

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Roll 70.00Departure roll runway 12 at CYAM Sault Ste Marie. Takeoff distance 0 ft 0 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 144 kn. Local weather - Temperature 28 °F. Wind 12 kn at 120 °. Crosswind: 3 kn Headwind: 12 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 0 ft0 % of runway
100 % Liftoff speed was 144 knTarget 135 kn
0 % Runway alignment max 329.5 ft327.9 ft left to 1.6 ft right 327.9 1.1 ft
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.94 g min to max 1.08 g 1.00 0.98 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 0.3 °-0.1 ° min to max 2.0 ° -0.1 2.0 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.0 0.4 °

Events

Fail Taxi Light ON should OFF
Info Engine 2 Started 3 ft agl
Info Runway Surface Conditions 3 ft agl
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 3 ft agl
Info Autopilot Yaw Damper Activated 3 ft agl
Info Landing Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 12 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 12 kt
Info Pitot Heat Switched Off 3 ft agl · 12 kt
Info Pitot Heat Switched On 3 ft agl · 13 kt
Info Autopilot Yaw Damper Deactivated 3 ft agl · 13 kt
Info Autopilot Yaw Damper Activated 3 ft agl · 13 kt
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Activated 3 ft agl · 17 kt
Info Autopilot Flight Director Activated 3 ft agl · 17 kt
Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Activated 3 ft agl · 17 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 3 ft agl · 11 kt
Info Autopilot Heading Hold Deactivated 3 ft agl · 17 kt
Departure Climb 1 98.03Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 12 CYAM Sault Ste Marie.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.0 °-0.0 ° min to max -0.0 ° -0.0 -0.0 °
100 % Average speed 148 kn144 kn min to max 154 kn 144 153 kn
98 % Average bank angle 1.1 °0.0 ° min to max 2.6 ° 0.4 2.3 °
85 % Average g force 1.34 g0.98 g min to max 1.52 g 0.98 1.31 g
Info Average VSI 923 ft/m460 ft/m min to max 1,399 ft/m 460 1,399 ft/m
Info Average altitude 13 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 44 ft agl 0 44 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 8.3 °2.2 ° min to max 11.4 ° 2.2 11.4 °
Departure Climb 2 97.63Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 12 CYAM Sault Ste Marie.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.0 °-0.1 ° min to max -0.0 ° -0.0 -0.1 °
100 % Average speed 154 kn151 kn min to max 156 kn 153 154 kn
91 % Average bank angle 1.2 °0.0 ° min to max 5.3 ° 2.2 5.3 °
98 % Average g force 1.17 g1.07 g min to max 1.28 g 1.28 1.13 g
Info Average VSI 2,123 ft/m1,458 ft/m min to max 3,700 ft/m 1,458 3,700 ft/m
Info Average altitude 112 ft agl47 ft agl min to max 387 ft agl 47 387 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 12.8 °11.5 ° min to max 17.9 ° 11.5 17.9 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Up 114 ft agl · 150 kt
Info Autopilot Master Switched On 216 ft agl · 150 kt
Departure Climb 3 87.90Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 12 CYAM Sault Ste Marie.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation 0.5 °0.0 ° min to max 1.4 ° 0.0 1.4 °
100 % Average speed 154 kn150 kn min to max 158 kn 152 158 kn
40 % Average bank angle 18.6 °9.4 ° min to max 25.0 ° 9.4 25.0 °
100 % Average g force 0.94 g0.82 g min to max 1.02 g 1.02 1.02 g
100 % Landing gear up
Info Average VSI 3,688 ft/m3,118 ft/m min to max 4,013 ft/m 3,920 3,118 ft/m
Info Average altitude 630 ft agl454 ft agl min to max 810 ft agl 454 810 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 16.7 °15.2 ° min to max 18.1 ° 18.0 15.2 °

Events

Fail Bounce during liftoff 718 ft agl · 152 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 464 ft agl · 149 kt
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started overhead CYAM Sault Ste Marie Sault Ste Marie (Ontario, Canada). Climbing from 1,483 ft asl to 36,792 ft asl, an increase of 35,309 ft in 14 minutes and covering 67 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 200 kn159 kn min to max 209 kn 159 176 kn
100 % Average bank angle 5.9 °0.0 ° min to max 28.6 ° 26.0 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.80 g min to max 1.11 g 1.05 0.91 g
Info Average VSI 2,778 ft/m1,382 ft/m min to max 4,546 ft/m 3,052 1,382 ft/m
Info Average altitude 17,340 ft asl1,483 ft asl min to max 36,792 ft asl 1,483 36,792 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 8.4 °4.5 ° min to max 15.2 ° 15.2 4.6 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Pitot Heat Switched Off 1,790 ft agl · 196 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 4,572 ft agl · 217 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched Off 4,695 ft agl · 217 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 35,978 ft agl · 322 kt
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started 3 miles west of Rogers City (Michigan, United States) and lasted 14 minutes, covering 98 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average altitude 36,929 ft asl36,826 ft asl min to max 37,025 ft asl 36,826 37,025 ft asl
100 % Average speed 221 kn180 kn min to max 225 kn 180 225 kn
100 % Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.9 ° 0.3 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.96 g min to max 1.04 g 1.00 1.00 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 1.2 °0.9 ° min to max 2.8 ° 2.8 1.0 °

Events

Info Autopilot Nav1 Lock Deactivated 36,018 ft agl · 377 kt
Info Autopilot Approach Mode Activated 36,018 ft agl · 377 kt
Enroute Descent 100.00Enroute descent started 2 miles north west of E53 Engler Field Bad Axe (Michigan, United States). Descent from 36,866 ft asl to 2,435 ft asl, a decrease of 34,431 ft in 20 minutes and covering 106 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 227 kn154 kn min to max 272 kn 226 154 kn
100 % Average bank angle 5.2 °0.0 ° min to max 15.9 ° 0.0 0.5 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.94 g min to max 1.10 g 0.98 0.99 g
Info Average VSI -1,389 ft/m-3,055 ft/m min to max -672 ft/m -1,747 -748 ft/m
Info Average altitude 11,259 ft asl2,435 ft asl min to max 36,866 ft asl 36,866 2,435 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -2.2 °-5.3 ° min to max -0.8 ° -1.6 -1.1 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Landing Lights Switched On 8,670 ft agl · 285 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 8,670 ft agl · 285 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 8,552 ft agl · 285 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 8,529 ft agl · 285 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched Off 8,529 ft agl · 285 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched Off 8,482 ft agl · 285 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 8,482 ft agl · 285 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched Off 8,435 ft agl · 285 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 4,277 ft agl · 224 kt
Info Taxi Lights Switched On 4,277 ft agl · 224 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 2,504 ft agl · 206 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 2,470 ft agl · 206 kt
Arrival 100.00Not counted in the flight scoreArrival started 2 miles north west of E53 Engler Field Bad Axe (Michigan, United States).
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 151 kn150 kn min to max 153 kn 153 150 kn
100 % Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.5 ° 0.5 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 1.00 1.01 g
Info Average VSI -733 ft/m-757 ft/m min to max -697 ft/m -757 -697 ft/m
Info Average altitude 2,152 ft asl1,886 ft asl min to max 2,423 ft asl 2,423 1,886 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -0.8 °-1.1 ° min to max -0.6 ° -1.1 -0.6 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Arrival Final 4 100.00Approaching runway 06 at CYCK Chatham-Kent from 4 nm to 3 nm. Descent from 1,220 ft agl to 942 ft agl. A decrease of 278 ft in 23 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 2.9 °2.9 ° min to max 2.9 °Target 3.0 ° 2.9 2.9 °
100 % Average speed 150 kn150 kn min to max 151 kn 150 150 kn
100 % Heading variation -0.0 °-0.1 ° min to max -0.0 ° -0.0 -0.0 °
100 % Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.1 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.01 g 0.99 0.99 g
Info Average VSI -696 ft/m-710 ft/m min to max -664 ft/m -682 -666 ft/m
Info Average altitude 1,085 ft agl942 ft agl min to max 1,220 ft agl 1,220 942 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -0.7 °-0.8 ° min to max -0.6 ° -0.7 -0.7 °
33.253.53.7548509009501,0001,0501,1001,1501,2001,2501,3001,3501,4001,4501,500Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft33.253.53.754-320-240-160-80080160240320Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment ft
Arrival Final 3 100.00Approaching runway 06 at CYCK Chatham-Kent from 3 nm to 2 nm. Descent from 931 ft agl to 656 ft agl. A decrease of 275 ft in 28 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 3.0 °2.9 ° min to max 3.1 °Target 3.0 ° 2.9 3.1 °
100 % Average speed 132 kn114 kn min to max 150 kn 150 114 kn
100 % Heading variation 0.0 °-0.0 ° min to max 0.1 ° -0.0 0.1 °
100 % Average bank angle 0.5 °0.0 ° min to max 1.2 ° 0.0 0.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.94 g min to max 1.07 g 1.00 1.02 g
Info Average VSI -572 ft/m-672 ft/m min to max -385 ft/m -672 -649 ft/m
Info Average altitude 799 ft agl656 ft agl min to max 931 ft agl 931 656 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -0.9 °-2.1 ° min to max 0.4 ° -0.6 0.4 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 2 925 ft agl · 150 kt
Info Autopilot Altitude Hold Activated 722 ft agl · 119 kt
22.252.52.7536006507007508008509009501,0001,0501,100Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft22.252.52.753-250-188-125-63063125188250Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment ft
Arrival Final 2 90.43Approaching runway 06 at CYCK Chatham-Kent from 2 nm to 1 nm. Descent from 647 ft agl to 318 ft agl. A decrease of 328 ft in 36 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
71 % Approach angle 3.4 °3.0 ° min to max 3.8 °Target 3.0 ° 3.1 3.0 °
100 % Average speed 109 kn106 kn min to max 113 kn 113 108 kn
100 % Heading variation 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.1 0.0 °
96 % Average bank angle 1.3 °0.1 ° min to max 4.6 ° 0.4 4.3 °
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.83 g min to max 1.07 g 1.05 0.99 g
Info Average VSI -551 ft/m-1,170 ft/m min to max 72 ft/m -602 -801 ft/m
Info Average altitude 540 ft agl318 ft agl min to max 647 ft agl 647 318 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 1.2 °-2.2 ° min to max 4.7 ° 1.2 0.2 °

Events

Info Autopilot Master Switched Off 632 ft agl · 108 kt
11.251.51.752250300350400450500550600650700750Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft11.251.51.752-190-143-95-4804895143190Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment ft
Arrival Final 1 92.51Approaching runway 06 at CYCK Chatham-Kent from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 305 ft agl to 29 ft agl. A decrease of 276 ft in 29 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
65 % Approach angle 2.2 °1.8 ° min to max 2.9 °Target 3.0 ° 2.9 1.8 °
100 % Average speed 108 kn105 kn min to max 110 kn 109 105 kn
100 % Heading variation -0.0 °-0.1 ° min to max 0.1 ° 0.0 0.1 °
97 % Average bank angle 2.6 °0.1 ° min to max 5.5 ° 2.7 3.0 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.95 g min to max 1.07 g 1.03 1.06 g
Info Average VSI -481 ft/m-787 ft/m min to max -368 ft/m -787 -368 ft/m
Info Average altitude 77 ft agl29 ft agl min to max 305 ft agl 305 29 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 1.8 °0.2 ° min to max 3.6 ° 0.4 3.6 °

Events

Info Autopilot Yaw Damper Deactivated 53 ft agl · 106 kt
00.250.50.751050100150200250300350Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-120-90-60-300306090120Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment ft
Arrival Landing 79.13Landing on runway 06 at CYCK Chatham-Kent, runway length 4,494 ft. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was slightly below target at 105 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was slightly below target at 105 kn. Target 115 kn
60 % Landing and flare profile
100 % Heading variation 0.1 °0.1 ° min to max 0.1 ° 0.1 0.1 °
98 % Average bank angle 1.4 °0.0 ° min to max 3.9 ° 2.9 1.8 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.98 g min to max 1.06 g 1.06 1.03 g
Info Average speed 98 kn91 kn min to max 105 kn 105 91 kn
Info Average VSI -234 ft/m-361 ft/m min to max -161 ft/m -361 -193 ft/m
Info Average altitude 12 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 26 ft agl 26 0 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 4.7 °3.5 ° min to max 6.4 ° 3.6 6.4 °
02505007501,0001,25001123344657Runway Distance ftLanding Height ft02505007501,0001,250-50-40-30-20-1001020304050Runway Distance ftRunway Width ft
Arrival Touchdown 94.43Touchdown distance was good at 1,082 ft. Touchdown speed at 91 kn was good. Touchdown rate was good at -193 ft/m. Runway touchdown alignment was very good. Local weather - Temperature 36 °F. Wind 15 kn at 110 °. Crosswind: 13 kn Headwind: 7 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
85 % Touchdown VSI was -193 ft/m.
100 % Touchdown distance was 1,082 ftTarget 1,500 ft
100 % Speed at touchdown 91 knTarget 98 kn
100 % Runway alignment max 9.9 ft1.3 ft left 6.9 -3.0 ft
65 % Average bank angle 3.6 °0.1 ° min to max 4.8 ° 1.8 4.2 °
99 % Average g force 1.05 g0.93 g min to max 1.27 g 1.03 1.00 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 88 kn85 kn min to max 91 kn 91 85 kn
Info Average pitch angle 6.6 °6.0 ° min to max 6.9 ° 6.4 6.0 °

Events

Info Runway Surface Conditions 3 ft agl · 89 kt
Arrival Rollout 86.80Total landing distance 3,605 ft, 80 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was very good.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
79 % Landing distance 3,605 ft80 % of runway.
93 % Runway alignment max 20.0 ft3.7 ft left to 16.3 ft right -3.2 -0.1 ft
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.97 g min to max 1.03 g 0.99 1.00 g
Info Average speed 69 kn40 kn min to max 76 kn 76 40 kn
Info Average pitch angle 3.5 °-0.8 ° min to max 6.0 ° 6.0 -0.8 °
Info Average bank angle 0.7 °0.0 ° min to max 4.0 ° 4.0 0.2 °

Events

Fail Bounce during touchdown 3 ft agl · 80 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 3 ft agl · 61 kt
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 31 kn
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 23 kn10 kn min to max 35 kn 35 10 kn
Info Average pitch angle -0.7 °-0.8 ° min to max -0.6 ° -0.6 -0.7 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.3 ° 0.2 0.2 °
Info Average g force 0.99 g0.99 g min to max 1.00 g 0.99 0.99 g

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Lifted off at 143 kt with 2.2° of pitch.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.

180 kt12060020°10°0°LIFTOFF2.2° off11° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH0102030 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitchClimb 3

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 ft 27 kt 0.0° 0 s
80 kt524 ft 80 kt -0.1° 7.8 s
Liftoff2,523 ft 143 kt 2.2° 20.0 s
35 ft3,063 ft · 2.4 s after liftoff 154 kt 11.3° 22.4 s
End of Climb 36,154 ft · 810 ft 158 kt 15.2° 36.2 s

Takeoff from CYAM 12

Takeoff roll100.00
3,455ft57 %
Liftoff speed100.00
143kt
Runway alignment0.00
327.9ft L
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Rate of climb98.03
923fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 810 ft.

Reached 35 ft with 2,012 ft of runway left; then climbing at 3,000 fpm on average to 810 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.

1,000 ft500 ft0CLIMB 3THRESHOLDRUNWAY END6080100120KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLLiftoff 143 kt
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runwayClimb 3

Plan view the roll down the 6,017 ft runway.

Rolled from 943 ft in, never more than 2 ft off the centreline. Airborne 57 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.

1,0002,0003,0004,0005,0006,000THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓CROSS2 kn75 %widest 2.0 ft RROLL 943 FT INAirborne 3,466 ft from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 3,466 ft of 6,017 ft · 58 %
Behind the start of the roll, 943 ftTakeoff roll, 2,523 ft Left ahead, 2,551 ft

The approach to CYCK 06

The final from 4 nm.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.

Inside the glideslope band from 4 nm to the threshold, never more than 130 ft above the slope.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 1,000 ft past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.

5001,0001,5002,0002,500 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 2° BAND1,263983705624385180
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height there

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 31× larger than distances along the final.

Inside the 1° band all the way from 4 nm, never more than 40 ft off the centreline.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR100 ft L0100 ft RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND4 ft R3 ft R22 ft L19 ft L29 ft L10 ft R
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the band

Landing and touchdown on CYCK 06

Over the threshold

Threshold height56.69
25ft
Threshold speed100.00
104kt
Centreline offset100.00
0.1ft L

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
1,092ft
Centreline100.00
6.9ft L
Speed100.00
90kt
Touchdown rate84.96
-193fpm
Impact98.86
1.27G
BouncesOk
None
The crosswind

No crosswind: nothing to correct for. Touched down with the nose 7° right of the track, wings level.

Wind 110° at 15 kt · 7 kt head · 0 kt across

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

The stop

From 80 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 26 s, an average deceleration of 0.10 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

02040608010060 kt · 1,625 ft30 kt · 2,633 fttouchdown2,738 ftkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

Side view — the last 4,494 ft of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 25 ft, 25 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 1,092 ft in, close to the ideal 1,000 ft.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 4,494 ft across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 1,000 ft in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

25 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 −192 fpm · 6.4° nose up · 91 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 1,000 ft This flight — 25 ft, down at 1,092 ft

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 290 fpm at 26 ft to 90 fpm at 6 ft, then back up to 190 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 2.8° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,0000°5°10°touchdown−192 fpm at touchdown6.4° at touchdown
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the full 4,494 ft runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down on the centreline and drifted to 15 ft right on the rollout, back to 1 ft left by the end.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended.

1,0002,0003,0004,000 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ FULL SCORE TO 1,650 FT 1,092 ft past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 1,092 ft touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 3,323 ft of 4,494 ft · 74 %
In the air over the runway, 1,092 ftRollout, 2,231 ft Left over, 1,171 ft
Rollout distance100.00
2,231ft74 % used
Rollout alignment93.01
16.3ft R

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