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MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Arrival
Begin raising the nose earlier, by 11 ft, so the flare has time to arrest the sink before touchdown.
What happened: The flare began late at 1 ft, 10 ft below the normal band, and a late flare like this usually leaves too little time to arrest the sink before touchdown.
Watch for: Watch radio altitude and start the flare in the normal band, around 11 ft.
Arrive slow and the sink rate at the threshold is already above schedule, the flare is short because there is no energy to extend it, and the touchdown is hard in a way that feels exactly like a late flare. Diagnosing a slow arrival as a late flare is the catastrophic misread: you respond by flaring earlier, which bleeds more speed, which makes the next one worse. The tiebreaker is threshold speed against VRef, not feel. Never diagnose a flare without it.
Read more in Flare TimingStart to finish · 14 stages, 13 scored
Events
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Events
Events
Events
The threshold, the flare and the hold-off. The approach that led to it is the stabilisation gates below.
One stabilised approach gate: seven checks where the approach path is 300 ft above the runway. The 1,000 ft gate was not assessed, because the approach did not join final that far out.
At the 300 ft gate: off the runway's 3° glideslope and off the centreline.
The approach, gate by gate
Side view — the last 939 m of the approach.
Plan view — the full 939 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.
The 500 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The 2.43 G arrival is the firm side of smooth.
The rest of the report
The flight began with a departure roll from runway 01 at LEVX Vigo Airport, a Cessna C172 aircraft taking to the skies. The takeoff distance was 492 meters, which accounted for 21% of the runway. The liftoff speed was 67 knots, and the local weather conditions were favorable, with a temperature of 16 degrees Celsius and a gentle wind of 1 knot at 270 degrees.
As the aircraft climbed away from the airport, it began its enroute climb 1 mile north of LEVX Vigo Airport. The climb was steep, with an increase of 1,430 feet in just 3 minutes, covering a distance of 2 nautical miles. The aircraft leveled off at 3,204 feet above sea level, and remained at this altitude for 20 minutes, covering a distance of 32 nautical miles.
The enroute descent began 2 miles northwest of Caldelas, a town in the Distrito de Braga, Portugal. The descent was rapid, with a decrease of 632 feet in just 2 minutes, covering a distance of 2 nautical miles. The aircraft then leveled off again, this time at 2,193 feet above sea level, and remained at this altitude for 5 minutes, covering a distance of 5 nautical miles.
The final approach to runway 25 at LPBR Braga Municipal Aerodrome was made from the northeast, with the aircraft heading 238 degrees at 1 nautical mile from the runway. The landing was made with a threshold height that was excessively above target, and a threshold speed that was well above target at 72 knots.
The touchdown point was very long, using more than 50% of the available runway. The touchdown speed was also too fast at 72 knots, and the touchdown rate was very heavy at -985 feet per minute. However, the runway touchdown alignment was perfect. The local weather conditions were similar to those at departure, with a temperature of 15 degrees Celsius and a gentle wind of 1 knot at 276 degrees.
The total landing distance was 970 meters, which was 103% of the runway length. The runway rollout alignment was perfect, and the aircraft came to a stop without incident. The total flight distance was 43 nautical miles, and the flight duration was 31 minutes. The aircraft used 13 kilograms of fuel during the flight.
The Cessna C172 aircraft has successfully landed at the Braga Municipal Aerodrome, but the landing was not without its issues. The final approach was initiated from the north east, heading 238.0° at 1 nm and 902 ft above ground level (agl). The aircraft touched down on runway 25, which has a length of 939 meters.
However, the landing was not executed perfectly, as the threshold height at 213 ft agl was excessively over target. This indicates that the aircraft was higher than it should have been at the threshold of the runway, which could have made the landing more challenging. Additionally, the threshold speed was well above the target speed of 72 kt, which suggests that the aircraft was traveling too fast as it approached the runway.
The touchdown point was also very long, using more than 50% of the available runway. This is a concern because it leaves the aircraft with a shorter distance to stop in case of an emergency. Furthermore, the touchdown speed of 72 kt was too fast, which can increase the risk of a bounced landing or a loss of control. The touchdown rate was also very heavy at -985 fpm, which is a high rate of descent and can be stressful on the aircraft.
Despite these issues, the runway touchdown alignment was perfect, which is a positive aspect of the landing. The local weather conditions were also favorable, with a temperature of 15°C and a light wind of 1 kt at 276°. The crosswind and headwind components were both 1 kt, which is minimal and should not have had a significant impact on the landing.
The total landing distance was 970 meters, which is 103% of the runway length. This is a concern because it indicates that the aircraft used a significant portion of the runway to come to a stop. However, the runway rollout alignment was perfect, which suggests that the aircraft was able to maintain control and align itself with the runway during the rollout phase.
Overall, while the landing was not perfect, it was still successful. However, the issues identified during the landing, such as the excessive threshold height, high threshold speed, and long touchdown point, need to be addressed to improve the safety and efficiency of future landings.
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