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EDFB
Reichelsheim, Germany
Runway 18
Elevation397 ft asl
Weight1,033 kg
Fuel167 kg
Wind242° · 16 kn · 15 kn cross

Flight Score

83.18 %
EDEV
Butzbach, Germany
Runway 28
Elevation1,112 ft asl
Weight1,018 kg
Fuel151 kg
Wind245° · 16 kn · 9 kn cross
20 Aug 2026 0:21 31 nm Piper PA-24 Comanche 16 kg
Departure Score
80.93 %
Enroute Score
99.89 %
Arrival Score
68.71 %

What went well

Touchdown 203 m in — inside the full-score zone
Threshold crossed at 21 ft and 74 kt — both inside band
Lifted off at 68 kt — on the 70 kt rotation target

What held you back

Arrival Rollout — Landing distance 468 m at 28 %, Runway alignment max 16.72 m right at 50 %, −6.65 points
Arrival Touchdown — Touchdown rate was -277 fpm. at 39 %, Runway alignment max 16.27 m right at 52 %, −2.88 points
Departure Climb 3 — gear not retracted; Landing gear up at 0 ft agl at 0 %, −2.50 points
Departure Roll — Landing Lights at 0 %, g force 0.04 to 1.06 g at 58 %, −0.80 points

Next time

Departure

Raise the gear promptly once a positive climb is confirmed, aiming to be up by the gate.

What happened: Gear retraction was left until well after the normal gate at 0 ft agl.

Watch for: Watch gear position against the retraction height gate, not 0 ft agl.

See Departure Climb 3

Arrival

Track the centreline through touchdown using small rudder corrections against a point at the far end of the runway.

What happened: The aircraft touched down off the centreline at 16 m, and drifting off centreline at touchdown usually carries through into the rollout, as it did here with alignment reaching 17 m.

Watch for: Watch runway centreline position, keeping deviation inside the limit through touchdown and rollout.

See Arrival LandingArrival Rollout

When Vr arrives, an abrupt near-full-scale pull, pitch overshoots, a push, and an oscillation through the first 200 ft. It feels like “this aircraft is twitchy” but the actual fault happened before liftoff. The pitch trace needs to show a clean ramp during liftoff.

Read more in Improve Your Take-Offs

Start to finish · 14 stages, 12 scored

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 18 at EDFB Reichelsheim Airfield, Average speed was 2 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 4 kt0 kt min to max 19 kt 0 19 kt
Info Average pitch angle 3.2 °1.0 ° min to max 4.1 ° 1.0 3.9 °
Info Average bank angle 0.0 °0.0 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.0 0.2 °
Info Average g force 0.96 g0.89 g min to max 1.00 g 0.92 0.89 g

Events

Info Battery Master On 3 ft agl · 8 kt
Info Engine 1 Started 3 ft agl · 8 kt
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 8 kt
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 8 kt
Info Strobe Lights Switched On 3 ft agl · 8 kt
Info Autopilot Master Switched On 3 ft agl · 8 kt
Info Landing Gear Activated 3 ft agl · 8 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 3 ft agl · 8 kt
Info Parking Brake On 3 ft agl · 7 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 3 ft agl · 6 kt
Departure Roll 90.45Departure roll runway 18 at EDFB Reichelsheim Airfield. Takeoff distance 348 m 28 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 69 kt. Local weather - Temperature 24 °C. Wind 16 kt at 241 °. Crosswind: 15 kt Headwind: 7 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 348 m28 % of runway
100 % Liftoff speed was 69 ktTarget 70 kt
98 % Runway alignment max 3.48 m right1.05 m left to 3.48 m right -1.60 1.05 m
58 % Average g force 0.43 g0.04 g min to max 1.06 g 0.87 1.02 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 3.4 °3.1 ° min to max 3.9 ° 3.9 3.4 °
Info Average bank angle 2.0 °0.0 ° min to max 9.1 ° 0.1 6.4 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights
Departure Climb 1 90.55Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 18 EDFB Reichelsheim Airfield.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
64 % Heading variation -2.3 °-4.2 ° min to max -0.2 ° -0.2 -4.2 °
100 % Average speed 77 kt69 kt min to max 82 kt 69 82 kt
98 % Average bank angle 2.4 °0.0 ° min to max 5.7 ° 5.7 1.9 °
100 % Average g force 1.02 g0.93 g min to max 1.23 g 1.04 1.04 g
Info Average VSI 383 fpm303 fpm min to max 495 fpm 303 495 fpm
Info Average altitude 13 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 35 ft agl 0 35 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 6.2 °3.7 ° min to max 6.8 ° 3.7 6.8 °
Departure Climb 2 72.71Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 18 EDFB Reichelsheim Airfield.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
2 % Heading variation -5.8 °-9.8 ° min to max -4.3 ° -4.3 -9.8 °
100 % Average speed 84 kt79 kt min to max 86 kt 82 81 kt
90 % Average bank angle 1.4 °0.0 ° min to max 8.5 ° 2.0 0.4 °
97 % Average g force 0.99 g0.23 g min to max 1.09 g 1.03 0.90 g
Info Average VSI 691 fpm500 fpm min to max 1,175 fpm 500 520 fpm
Info Average altitude 98 ft agl35 ft agl min to max 388 ft agl 35 388 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 7.9 °6.9 ° min to max 10.7 ° 6.9 7.8 °
Departure Climb 3 70.00Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 18 EDFB Reichelsheim Airfield.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Climb speed 82 kt80 kt min to max 83 ktTarget 87 kt, 5 kt slow 81 80 kt
100 % Average bank angle 4.5 °0.8 ° min to max 22.8 ° 1.1 22.8 °
100 % Average g force 0.90 g0.85 g min to max 0.92 g 0.91 0.89 g
0 % Landing gear up at 0 ft aglTarget by 400 ft agl
Info Heading variation -11.4 °-12.6 ° min to max -10.5 ° -10.5 -12.6 °
Info Average VSI 586 fpm497 fpm min to max 696 fpm 503 519 fpm
Info Average altitude 453 ft agl397 ft agl min to max 516 ft agl 397 516 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 7.9 °7.2 ° min to max 8.3 ° 7.8 7.2 °

Events

Fail Gear Not Retracted
Enroute Climb 100.00Enroute climb started overhead Florstadt (Hessen, Germany). Climbing from 1,048 ft asl to 3,135 ft asl, an increase of 2,087 ft in 3 minutes and covering 5 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 87 kt80 kt min to max 109 kt 80 109 kt
100 % Average bank angle 9.6 °0.0 ° min to max 31.3 ° 25.8 1.5 °
100 % Average g force 0.93 g0.83 g min to max 1.14 g 0.88 0.88 g
Info Average VSI 683 fpm-218 fpm min to max 1,342 fpm 366 162 fpm
Info Average altitude 1,785 ft asl1,040 ft asl min to max 3,135 ft asl 1,048 3,135 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 6.9 °0.8 ° min to max 10.4 ° 5.8 1.4 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 100.00Enroute level cruise started overhead Wolfersheim (Hessen, Germany) and lasted 3 minutes, covering 6 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Altitude held within ±656 ft of 3,042 ft asl2,946 ft asl min to max 3,139 ft asl 3,124 2,946 ft asl
100 % Average speed 119 kt112 kt min to max 123 kt 112 118 kt
100 % Average bank angle 7.7 °0.0 ° min to max 17.7 ° 0.0 15.0 °
100 % Average g force 0.90 g0.81 g min to max 1.04 g 0.92 0.85 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle -0.5 °-3.5 ° min to max 1.9 ° 0.8 -3.5 °
Enroute Descent 99.99Enroute descent started 1 mile north of Rockenberg (Hessen, Germany). Descent from 2,938 ft asl to 1,377 ft asl, a decrease of 1,562 ft in 3 minutes and covering 6 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 114 kt91 kt min to max 127 kt 118 91 kt
100 % Average bank angle 10.2 °0.0 ° min to max 27.1 ° 14.1 15.0 °
99.9 % Average g force 0.92 g0.75 g min to max 1.43 g 0.90 0.89 g
Info Average VSI -503 fpm-1,344 fpm min to max 721 fpm -578 188 fpm
Info Average altitude 1,952 ft asl1,319 ft asl min to max 2,938 ft asl 2,938 1,377 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -1.9 °-6.6 ° min to max 4.7 ° -3.7 3.5 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Enroute Level 2 99.56Enroute level cruise started 1 mile west of Rockenberg (Hessen, Germany) and lasted 7 minutes, covering 11 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
99 % Altitude held within ±569 ft of 1,628 ft asl1,229 ft asl min to max 2,262 ft asl 1,379 2,237 ft asl
100 % Average speed 90 kt68 kt min to max 114 kt 89 100 kt
100 % Average bank angle 9.7 °0.0 ° min to max 35.8 ° 23.0 11.8 °
99.98 % Average g force 0.92 g0.65 g min to max 1.22 g 0.79 0.86 g
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Info Average pitch angle 2.8 °-3.4 ° min to max 10.7 ° 0.4 -1.8 °
Go-around 99.94Go-Around runway 28 at EDEV Pfingstweide Airfield at 363 ft agl.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 89 kt73 kt min to max 103 kt 103 87 kt
100 % Average bank angle 13.9 °0.3 ° min to max 37.5 ° 18.4 15.4 °
99 % Average g force 0.95 g0.70 g min to max 1.51 g 1.05 1.12 g
Info Average altitude 419 ft agl271 ft agl min to max 482 ft agl 363 271 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -0.4 °-10.6 ° min to max 6.3 ° 0.9 -3.3 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 3 151 ft agl · 90 kt
Arrival Landing 91.90Landing on runway 28 at EDEV Pfingstweide Airfield, runway length 503 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was slightly above target at 75 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was slightly above target at 75 kt. Target 71 kt
100 % Good threshold height.Target 27 ft agl
90 % The flare mostly held the target profile. The flare was pumped rather than held: pitch changed direction 7 times on the way down. Touchdown was 203 m past the threshold. One smooth continuous input - chasing the runway with the elevator makes the next correction bigger, not smaller.
73 % Runway alignment max 15.70 m left15.70 m left to 3.19 m right 15.01 -3.19 m
76 % Average bank angle 5.8 °0.3 ° min to max 11.6 ° 11.6 0.3 °
89 % Average g force 0.98 g0.56 g min to max 1.28 g 0.96 1.28 g
Info Average speed 68 kt64 kt min to max 75 kt 75 66 kt
Info Average VSI -455 fpm-683 fpm min to max -387 fpm -683 -475 fpm
Info Average altitude -2 ft agl-26 ft agl min to max 22 ft agl 22 -26 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -0.9 °-3.7 ° min to max 0.7 ° -1.3 -3.5 °
07515022506.9414212835Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150225-12-10-8-6-4-2024681012Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 74.05Touchdown point was very long using more than 50% of available runway. Touchdown speed at 66 kt was good. Touchdown rate was fair at -277 fpm. Runway touchdown position was significantly misaligned by 16.3 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 22 °C. Wind 13 kt at 245 °. Crosswind: 7 kt Headwind: 10 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
39 % Touchdown rate was -277 fpm.
100 % Touchdown distance was 203 mTarget 320 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 66 ktTarget below 69 kt
52 % Runway alignment max 16.27 m right11.06 m right -3.19 -16.27 m
69 % Average bank angle 2.5 °0.0 ° min to max 5.1 ° 0.3 0.9 °
80 % Average g force 0.76 g0.40 g min to max 1.29 g 1.28 0.67 g
80 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 60 kt57 kt min to max 66 kt 66 57 kt
Info Average pitch angle -0.4 °-10.2 ° min to max 5.8 ° -3.5 3.7 °
Arrival Rollout 40.17Total landing distance 468 m, 93 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was misaligned by 16.7 m from centreline.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
28 % Landing distance 468 m93 % of runway.
50 % Runway alignment max 16.72 m right0.00 m left to 16.72 m right -16.34 -1.16 m
56 % Average g force 0.49 g0.35 g min to max 0.64 g 0.62 0.51 g
Info Average speed 48 kt33 kt min to max 53 kt 53 33 kt
Info Average pitch angle -2.3 °-6.8 ° min to max 3.6 ° 3.6 0.6 °
Info Average bank angle 6.2 °0.0 ° min to max 13.9 ° 1.0 0.5 °
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 9 kt
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 19 kt0 kt min to max 49 kt 30 49 kt
Info Average pitch angle 3.5 °0.6 ° min to max 4.7 ° 0.6 4.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.0 ° min to max 0.8 ° 0.8 0.1 °
Info Average g force 0.87 g0.47 g min to max 1.10 g 0.47 0.62 g

Events

Info Parking Brake On 3 ft agl
Info Parking Brake Off 3 ft agl

Takeoff

100.00Takeoff roll348 m · 28 %
100.00Liftoff speed68 kt · target 70, 2 slow
98.41Runway alignment3.48 m R
OkBounce on takeoffNone
90.55Rate of climb383 fpm

Landing

The threshold, the flare and the hold-off. The approach that led to it is the stabilisation gates below.

100.00Threshold height21 ft
100.00Threshold speed74 kt · target 71, 3 fast
73.21Centreline offset15.70 m L
Flare 90.00The flare mostly held the target profile. The flare was pumped rather than held: pitch changed direction 7 times on the way down. Touchdown was 203 m past the threshold. One smooth continuous input - chasing the runway with the elevator makes the next correction bigger, not smaller.

The stabilisation gates

One stabilised approach gate: five checks where the approach path is 500 ft above the runway. The 1,000 ft gate was not assessed, because the approach did not join final that far out.

Five checks, one gate500 ft
Gear down
Sink rate
On glideslope
On centreline
On speed

The approach, gate by gate

Gate Height Centreline Speed
THR 22 ft 15.00 m L +4 kt

Touchdown on EDEV 28

Past threshold100.00
203m
Centreline51.80
16.27m R
Speed100.00
65kttarget 69 or less
Touchdown rate39.06
-340fpmfirst contact -276 fpm, then bounced
Impact80.00
1.29G
Bounces80.00
1

Side view — the last 503 m of the approach.

21 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft 80 ft400 Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 21 ft, down at 203 m

Plan view — the full 503 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

500 THRESHOLD CROSS 9 kn FULL SCORE TO 352 M 203 m past threshold CLEARED

The 203 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 363 m of 503 m · 72 %
Rollout distance100.00
160m72 % used
Rollout alignment50.14
16.72m R

The rest of the report

Explore in detail

Flight narrative

The Piper PA-24 Comanche taxied to runway 18 at EDFB Reichelsheim Airfield and commenced the take-off roll, covering 351 m which represented 29 % of the runway length. Liftoff was achieved at 69 kt. Ambient conditions were 24 °C with a wind from 241° at 16 kt, including a 15 kt cross-wind component and a 7 kt head-wind component.

Climb began over Florstadt, Hessen, Germany, with the aircraft ascending from 1,048 ft asl to 3,135 ft asl - a gain of 2,087 ft - in 3 minutes while traversing 5 nm.

The first level-cruise segment started over Wolfersheim, Hessen, Germany and lasted 3 minutes, during which 6 nm were covered at a steady altitude.

Descent was initiated 1 nm north of Rockenberg, Hessen, Germany, with the aircraft descending from 2,938 ft asl to 1,377 ft asl - a loss of 1,562 ft - in 3 minutes while covering 6 nm.

A second level-cruise phase commenced 1 nm west of Rockenberg, Hessen, Germany and continued for 7 minutes, during which the aircraft flew 11 nm.

The final approach to runway 28 at EDEV Pfingstweide Airfield was flown from the east on a heading of 305.0° at 2 nm and 1,115 ft agl. Local weather at the time was 22 °C with a wind from 245° at 13 kt, providing a 7 kt cross-wind and a 10 kt head-wind component.

A go-around was executed on runway 28 at EDEV Pfingstweide Airfield when the aircraft reached 363 ft agl, after which the approach was abandoned and a subsequent approach was prepared.

Landing on runway 28 was performed with a threshold speed slightly above target at 75 kt. Touchdown occurred beyond the midpoint of the runway, using more than 50 % of the available 503 m length. The aircraft touched down at 66 kt, a little fast, with a hard touchdown rate of minus 475 fpm. The touchdown point was misaligned by 16.3 m from the centreline.

Rollout continued for a total landing distance of 468 m, representing 93 % of the runway, and the aircraft remained misaligned by 16.7 m from the centreline during the rollout.

In summary, the flight covered a total distance of 32 nm, required 21 minutes of flight time, and consumed 16 kg of fuel.

Flight map
Replay this flight in 3D The full flight path over the terrain with every stage, event and score along the route.
Takeoff report
Takeoff on runway 18 at EDFB Reichelsheim Airfield in the Piper PA-24 Comanche
80.93 %
90.45 %
Takeoff Roll
Departure roll runway 18 at EDFB Reichelsheim Airfield. Takeoff distance 348 m 28 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 69 kt. Local weather - Temperature 24 °C. Wind 16 kt at 241 °. Crosswind: 15 kt Headwind: 7 kt.
Takeoff Distance
100 %
Roll distance of 348 m using 28.42 % of runway
Liftoff Speed
100 %
Liftoff speed was 69 kn - Target 70 kn
Alignment
98.41 %
1.05 m left to 3.48 m right
Bounce
100 %
No Bounce Detected
Strobe Lights
100 %
Switched On
Landing Lights
0 %
Switched On
G
57.71 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
70 40 10
Bank °
Info
10 5 0
Pitch °
Info
4 3.5 3
02505007501,000-15-10-5051015 Runway Distance m Runway Alignment to End of Runway m
90.55 %
Climb 1
Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 18 EDFB Reichelsheim Airfield.
Alignment
64.22 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
90 75 60
Bank °
97.97 %
6 3 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
7 5 3
Climb Rate fpm
Info
500 200 -100
72.71 %
Climb 2
Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 18 EDFB Reichelsheim Airfield.
Alignment
2 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
90 80 70
Bank °
90.03 %
9 4.5 0
G
97.07 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
11 8.5 6
Climb Rate fpm
Info
1,200 750 300
70 %
Climb 3
Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 18 EDFB Reichelsheim Airfield.
Alignment
0 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
90 85 80
Bank °
100 %
23 12 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
9 8 7
Climb Rate fpm
Info
700 500 300
02505007501,00004794141188235 Runway Distance m Height at End of Runway ft
00.250100200300400500600 Climb Distance NM Climb Profile to 1,000 ft
00.25-60-48-36-24-1201224364860 Climb Distance NM Runway Alignment (in m) to 1,000 ft
Landing report
Landing on runway 28 at EDEV Pfingstweide Airfield in the Piper PA-24 Comanche
Landing Score 68.71 %
Landing Summary

The final approach to runway 28 at EDEV Pfingstweide Airfield was flown from the east on a heading of 305.0 ° at 2 nm and 1,115 ft agl; at the 1,000 ft gate the approach was assessed as unstable, with flaps not set and the aircraft off the glideslope, while the wind was 13 kt from 245 ° (7 kt crosswind, 10 kt headwind).

At threshold the height was good and the threshold speed was slightly above target at 75 kt; the aircraft crossed the threshold at a touchdown speed of 66 kt, a little fast, and the flare produced a hard touchdown rate of minus 475 fpm, with the touchdown point extending beyond half of the available runway.

Touchdown occurred using more than 50 % of the 503 m runway, the total landing distance was 468 m (93 % of runway), and the touchdown position was significantly misaligned by 16.3 m from the centreline.

During rollout the aircraft remained misaligned, drifting 16.7 m from the centreline before exiting the runway.

Reduce the touchdown point to within the first 300 m (approximately 1,000 ft) of runway 28 and maintain centreline alignment within a few metres to improve runway usage and overall score.

91.9 %
Landing
Landing on runway 28 at EDEV Pfingstweide Airfield, runway length 503 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was slightly above target at 75 kt.
Height
100 %
Good threshold height. Target 50 ft agl
Speed
100 %
Threshold speed was slightly above target at 75 kt. Target 71 kt
Flare
90 %
The flare mostly held the target profile. The flare was pumped rather than held: pitch changed direction 7 times on the way down. Touchdown was 203 m past the threshold. One smooth continuous input - chasing the runway with the elevator makes the next correction bigger, not smaller.
Centreline ft
73.21 %
100 0 -100
Bank °
76.24 %
12 6 0
G
89.14 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
75 67 60
Pitch °
Info
1 -1 -3
Descent Rate fpm
Info
-387 -544 -700
07515022506.9414212835 Runway Distance m Landing Height ft
075150225-12-10-8-6-4-2024681012 Runway Distance m Runway Width m
74.05 %
Touchdown
Touchdown point was very long using more than 50% of available runway. Touchdown speed at 66 kt was good. Touchdown rate was fair at -277 fpm. Runway touchdown position was significantly misaligned by 16.3 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 22 °C. Wind 13 kt at 245 °. Crosswind: 7 kt Headwind: 10 kt.
Touchdown
39.06 %
Touchdown rate was firm at -340 fpm.
Speed
100 %
Touchdown speed at 66 kt was good. Target below 69 kn
Distance
100 %
Touchdown point was very long using more than 50% of available runway.
Alignment
51.8 %
Runway touchdown position was significantly misaligned by 16.3 m from centreline.
Bank
69.31 %
Bank angle 2.5 °
G
80 %
G 0.76 g
Bounce
80 %
Bounce Detected
40.17 %
Rollout
Total landing distance 468 m, 93 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was misaligned by 16.7 m from centreline.
Distance
28.12 %
Landing distance 468 m using 92.97 % of runway
Alignment
50.14 %
Runway rollout alignment was misaligned by 16.7 m from centreline.
G
56.42 %
1.25 1 0.75
IAS kt
Info
58 44 30
Bank °
Info
14 7 0
Pitch °
Info
4 -1 -6
0200400 Runway Distance m Runway Width m
Metrics
Metrics

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