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MY FS FLIGHTS
Flight Score
Departure
Hold the nose down until the speed reaches 130 kt, then rotate.
What happened: You started the rotation at 104 kt, 26 kt before the 130 kt rotation speed.
Watch for: Airspeed indicator: 130 kt at rotation
See Departure Roll
Arrival
Keep the back pressure coming once the flare is established, holding the nose up through to touchdown instead of easing it.
What happened: The flare arrested the sink but 381 fpm of it came back before touchdown, and in flights like this one that returning sink usually carries through to a firm or hard touchdown at 339 fpm.
Watch for: Vertical speed indicator: the sink held near zero all the way through touchdown, not allowed to build back up.
Ground effect becomes significant below about one wingspan of height. A Cessna 172, with a 36 ft span, enters ground effect at flare height - the float it feels in the hold-off is ground effect arriving on cue. An A320, with a span around 117 ft, has been in ground effect since before the threshold and there is no sudden cushion to feel, only a gradual reduction in induced drag that lengthens any float you allow.
Read more in Flare TimingStart to finish · 15 stages, 13 in the score
Events
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From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.
Rotated at 104 kt, 26 kt below the 130 kt target, and lifted off at 156 kt 14.8 s later, the nose coming up at 0.5° a second. Climb 3 averaged 153 kt, 11 kt under its 164 kt target.
Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The dashed green line is the speed to rotate at for this aircraft at its weight, and the green dot is where the nose started to come up. The figures at liftoff are the pitch then and how fast the nose came up, in degrees a second. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, the part of the climb scored on holding the climb speed.
The takeoff, point by point
Side view from the start of the roll to the end of Climb 3 at 868 ft.
Reached 35 ft with 2,284 m of runway left; gear up at 58 ft, inside the 400 ft that gets full marks; then climbing at 2,670 fpm on average to 868 ft.
The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length. The gear-up ring is coloured by its mark. The shaded stretch is Climb 3, scored on its average speed against the target.
Plan view the roll down the 4,334 m runway.
Rolled from 70 m in, drifted right of the centreline, 11 m at the widest, and lifted off 8 m right. Airborne 40 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.
The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length.
Two stabilised approach gates, each with seven checks, where the approach path is 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway. They are the approach's score: the checks passed out of the checks that ran.
When the approach was stable
Every check met from 4 nm to the threshold.
Each line is one of the gate checks, run along the whole final rather than only at the gates: green where it would have passed, amber where it would not. The glideslope, centreline and speed lines use the bands in the charts beside this card. The sink rate is allowed what the glideslope needs at your ground speed plus 600 fpm, the wings 10° of bank, and the gear and flap are read from when you moved the levers. The bottom line is green where every check held at once, ignoring blips shorter than 0.2 nm, and the sentence above it says from where it held to the threshold. A ring is a stabilisation gate, where the checks in the table were taken.
The final from 4 nm, with the stabilisation gates on it.
Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 1° band in green.
Inside the glideslope band from 4 nm to the threshold, never more than 40 ft above the slope.
Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber. A ring is a stabilisation gate: green when every check there passed, amber with the failed checks named beside it.
Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 12× larger than distances along the final.
Inside the 1° band all the way from 4 nm, never more than 31 m off the centreline.
Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.
Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 33 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 20 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.
Inside the speed band all the way, between −3 kt and +4 kt on the approach speed of 132 kt.
Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.
Over the threshold
Touchdown
The flare held the target profile well. Pitch reached 9.9° at touchdown, well above this aircraft's ground attitude. Touchdown was 761 m past the threshold. That is tail strike territory - stop the rotation once the sink is arrested.
5 kt across from the right, which takes about 2° of crab to hold the centreline at 117 kt. Touched down with the nose 3° into wind, wings level.
Wind 090° at 6 kt · 2 kt head · 5 kt across
The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.
From 118 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 27 s, an average deceleration of 0.17 g.
Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.
Side view — the last 1,598 m of the approach.
Crossed the threshold at 62 ft, 12 ft above the 50 ft target; began the flare at 34 ft. Touched down 761 m in, 456 m past the ideal 305 m.
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,598 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
The sink went from 720 fpm at the flare to 340 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 5.8° on the way down.
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the first 1,598 m of the 3,710 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down 2.8 m left of the centreline, and stayed about there down the rollout, 4.8 m right at the widest.
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
Touched down 761 m past the threshold — beyond the full-score zone. The 339 fpm arrival was firm.
The rest of the report
The Airbus A320-ceo departed from runway 36L at LEMD (Adolfo Suárez Madrid-Barajas). The take-off roll used 1,763 m, 41 % of the runway, and rotation occurred at 104 kt. Local weather was 23 °C, wind 1 kt from 180°, with a 1 kt tailwind component.
Initial climb reached 1,000 ft agl in 16 seconds, averaging 2,562 fpm and attaining 150 kt at the top of the climb. The aircraft then climbed from 2,976 ft asl to 33,011 ft asl in 14 minutes, covering 85 nm, beginning the climb 2 nm north-west of Paracuellos de Jarama. Cruise was held at 33,000 ft asl for 27 minutes, covering 191 nm, starting 3 nm west of Guisando.
Descent began from 32,985 ft asl and proceeded to 1,660 ft asl in 15 minutes, covering 71 nm, with the descent start point 2 nm north-east of LPSB (Pista da Coudelaria Herdade do Pinheiro, Setúbal).
On final approach to runway 02 at LPPT (Humberto Delgado Airport, Lisbon Portela), the aircraft descended from 1,350 ft agl to 66 ft agl in 107 seconds. Stabilisation checks at 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway were all met: gear down, landing flap, sink rate, glideslope, centreline, speed, and wings level. The landing gear was lowered at 2,857 ft agl at 194 kt; the final flap position 5 was selected at 1,992 ft agl at 162 kt.
Touchdown occurred on runway 02. The threshold height of 63 ft agl was above target, while the threshold speed of 132 kt was good. The aircraft touched down 341 m beyond the touchdown zone at 117 kt, a good speed, with a firm rate of -340 fpm. The touchdown point was 3.3 m left of the centreline. The flare was described as great, although the nose was raised too far. No bounce occurred. Total landing distance was 1,514 m, 41 % of the runway, and rollout alignment was very good.
Local weather at LPPT was 25 °C, wind 6 kt from 090°, giving a 6 kt crosswind and a 2 kt headwind component.
After landing, the aircraft taxied to parking in 3 minutes, covering less than 1 nm. The total flight covered 356 nm in 69 minutes and used 2,391 kg of fuel.
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