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CYKF
Kitchener, Canada
Runway 26

Flight Score

83.40 %
CYKF
Kitchener, Canada
Runway 08
27 Mar 2024 0:16 6 nm Cessna Skyhawk 11 kg
Departure Score
95.60 %
Enroute Score
98.75 %
Arrival Score
44.85 %

What went well

Touchdown 489 m in — inside the full-score zone
Rollout controlled — 43 % of the runway used
Airborne in 1,063 m — 50 % of the runway

What held you back

Arrival Landing — Threshold speed was excessively high at 133 kn. at 0 %, Landing and flare profile at 0 %, −6.71 points
Arrival Touchdown — Touchdown VSI was -1,132 ft/m. at 0 %, Speed at touchdown 119 kn at 0 %, −4.99 points
Arrival Rollout — Runway alignment max 68.82 m at 0 %, −3.75 points

Top opportunity

Improve the touchdown

Arrival Touchdown

There are several things that can go wrong during the flare, carrying too much speed over the threshold, starting the flare at the wrong height and inconsistent flight control inputs, all contribute to a poor flare resulting in a hard touchdown or a float down the runway.

Read more in Flare Timing

Start to finish · 13 stages, 12 scored

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Taxi 90.00Taxiing from the parking to the runway took less than 1 minute. and covered less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 14 kn0 kn min to max 20 kn 0 20 kn
100 % Average speed turning corners 0 knmax 0 kn 0 0 kn
100 % Average g force 1.00 g1.00 g min to max 1.00 g 1.00 1.00 g
0 % Beacon, navigation and taxi lights on
Info Average pitch angle 0.2 °-0.3 ° min to max 0.5 ° -0.3 0.4 °
Info Average bank angle 0.1 °0.0 ° min to max 0.2 ° 0.2 0.2 °

Events

Fail Taxi Light OFF should be ON
Info Parking Brake Off 3 ft agl · 1 kt
Departure Roll 90.50Departure roll runway 26 at CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo. Takeoff distance 86 m 4 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 66 kn. Local weather - Temperature 15 °C. Wind 1 kn at 270 °. Crosswind: 0 kn Headwind: 1 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 86 m4 % of runway
100 % Liftoff speed was 66 knTarget 62 kn
52 % Runway alignment max 16.08 m16.08 m left to 0.00 m left 0.90 10.58 m
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.05 g 1.00 1.05 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 0.5 °0.0 ° min to max 2.2 ° 0.4 2.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.0 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.2 0.7 °
Departure Climb 1 100.00Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 26 CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.5 °-0.6 ° min to max -0.5 ° -0.6 -0.5 °
100 % Average speed 70 kn66 kn min to max 71 kn 66 71 kn
100 % Average bank angle 0.9 °0.5 ° min to max 1.2 ° 0.7 0.9 °
100 % Average g force 1.09 g1.04 g min to max 1.24 g 1.05 1.04 g
Info Average VSI 584 ft/m339 ft/m min to max 823 ft/m 339 823 ft/m
Info Average altitude 14 ft agl0 ft agl min to max 42 ft agl 0 42 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 6.0 °2.3 ° min to max 9.2 ° 2.3 8.9 °
Departure Climb 2 99.49Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 26 CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.5 °-1.2 ° min to max -0.3 ° -0.5 -1.2 °
100 % Average speed 68 kn58 kn min to max 71 kn 71 59 kn
98 % Average bank angle 1.0 °0.1 ° min to max 2.8 ° 0.9 0.9 °
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.88 g min to max 1.09 g 1.03 1.08 g
Info Average VSI 950 ft/m552 ft/m min to max 1,249 ft/m 834 866 ft/m
Info Average altitude 113 ft agl43 ft agl min to max 374 ft agl 43 374 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 9.8 °6.8 ° min to max 13.6 ° 8.9 12.2 °
Departure Climb 3 97.98Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 26 CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -2.0 °-2.6 ° min to max -1.5 ° -1.5 -2.6 °
100 % Average speed 57 kn52 kn min to max 58 kn 58 52 kn
90 % Average bank angle 3.0 °0.2 ° min to max 5.8 ° 0.2 4.1 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.87 g min to max 1.12 g 0.87 0.90 g
100 % Landing gear up
Info Average VSI 1,034 ft/m801 ft/m min to max 1,322 ft/m 984 1,236 ft/m
Info Average altitude 448 ft agl392 ft agl min to max 516 ft agl 392 516 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 12.3 °8.8 ° min to max 16.0 ° 9.5 13.9 °
Enroute Climb 99.43Enroute climb started overhead CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo Kitchener (Ontario, Canada). Climbing from 1,574 ft asl to 3,888 ft asl, an increase of 2,314 ft in 4 minutes and covering 3 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 85 kn50 kn min to max 109 kn 51 109 kn
100 % Average bank angle 7.6 °0.0 ° min to max 33.2 ° 3.0 5.4 °
94 % Average g force 1.02 g0.65 g min to max 1.33 g 0.92 1.13 g
Info Average VSI 682 ft/m-1,210 ft/m min to max 2,063 ft/m 1,113 -1,210 ft/m
Info Average altitude 2,576 ft asl1,574 ft asl min to max 3,927 ft asl 1,574 3,888 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle 4.3 °-7.5 ° min to max 13.4 ° 13.4 -7.5 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0

Events

Info Landing Gear Down 1,062 ft agl · 98 kt
Enroute Descent 98.07Enroute descent started 3 miles east of Kitchener (Ontario, Canada). Descent from 3,862 ft asl to 2,885 ft asl, a decrease of 977 ft in 1 minutes and covering 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 110 kn96 kn min to max 144 kn 111 144 kn
96 % Average bank angle 16.7 °1.8 ° min to max 42.1 ° 1.8 4.3 °
98 % Average g force 1.03 g0.83 g min to max 1.29 g 1.27 0.92 g
Info Average VSI -536 ft/m-3,903 ft/m min to max 1,217 ft/m -735 -3,903 ft/m
Info Average altitude 3,800 ft asl2,885 ft asl min to max 4,011 ft asl 3,862 2,885 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -2.5 °-18.7 ° min to max 7.3 ° -1.8 -18.7 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Arrival 99.89Arrival started 3 miles east of Kitchener (Ontario, Canada).
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 145 kn144 kn min to max 147 kn 147 144 kn
100 % Average bank angle 5.7 °0.1 ° min to max 15.6 ° 2.3 15.6 °
99 % Average g force 1.03 g0.92 g min to max 1.26 g 1.06 1.26 g
Info Average VSI -3,754 ft/m-3,865 ft/m min to max -3,584 ft/m -3,865 -3,584 ft/m
Info Average altitude 2,664 ft asl2,512 ft asl min to max 2,821 ft asl 2,821 2,512 ft asl
Info Average pitch angle -16.5 °-17.2 ° min to max -15.1 ° -17.1 -15.1 °
Info Turn coordination 00 min to max 0 0 0
Arrival Final 1 64.86Approaching runway 08 at CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 1,428 ft agl to 207 ft agl. A decrease of 1,221 ft in 20 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
18 % Approach angle 12.3 °10.7 ° min to max 13.9 °Target 3.0 ° 13.5 11.3 °
100 % Average speed 140 kn135 kn min to max 144 kn 144 135 kn
50 % Heading variation 1.3 °0.6 ° min to max 1.7 ° 0.6 1.6 °
66 % Average bank angle 4.4 °0.4 ° min to max 15.6 ° 15.6 3.0 °
80 % Average g force 0.98 g0.40 g min to max 1.42 g 1.08 1.10 g
Info Average VSI -3,438 ft/m-5,028 ft/m min to max -2,144 ft/m -3,358 -2,144 ft/m
Info Average altitude 795 ft agl207 ft agl min to max 1,428 ft agl 1,428 207 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -14.9 °-21.9 ° min to max -8.4 ° -14.6 -8.4 °
00.250.50.7510501001502002503003504004505005506006507007508008509009501,0001,0501,1001,1501,2001,2501,3001,3501,400Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-50-38-25-13013253850Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Landing 19.48Landing on runway 08 at CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo, runway length 2,124 m. Threshold height at 167 ft agl was excessively over target. Threshold speed was excessively high at 133 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Threshold speed was excessively high at 133 kn. Target 63 kn
0 % Target 50 ft agl
0 % Landing and flare profile
57 % Heading variation 0.9 °0.5 ° min to max 1.6 ° 1.6 0.5 °
91 % Average bank angle 3.1 °0.1 ° min to max 5.4 ° 3.7 4.2 °
93 % Average g force 1.08 g0.63 g min to max 1.32 g 0.70 1.32 g
Info Average speed 124 kn119 kn min to max 133 kn 133 119 kn
Info Average VSI -1,458 ft/m-2,188 ft/m min to max -1,132 ft/m -2,053 -1,132 ft/m
Info Average altitude 34 ft agl-5 ft agl min to max 167 ft agl 167 -5 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -6.1 °-10.9 ° min to max -3.2 ° -10.9 -3.2 °
07515022530037545052503367100133167Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150225300375450525-24-20-16-12-8-404812162024Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 40.07Touchdown point was 297 m beyond the touchdown zone. Touchdown speed at 119 kn was excessively fast. Touchdown rate was very heavy at -1,132 ft/m. Runway touchdown position was misaligned by 14.9 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 16 °C. Wind 1 kn at 270 °. Crosswind: 0 kn Tailwind: 1 kn.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 % Touchdown VSI was -1,132 ft/m.
100 % Touchdown distance was 427 mTarget 457 m
0 % Speed at touchdown 119 knTarget 53 kn
57 % Runway alignment max 28.12 m1.69 m right 13.27 -14.85 m
2 % Average bank angle 3.2 °0.4 ° min to max 9.8 ° 4.2 9.8 °
29 % Average g force 1.00 g0.29 g min to max 2.50 g 1.32 2.50 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 102 kn86 kn min to max 119 kn 119 86 kn
Info Average pitch angle -0.6 °-8.5 ° min to max 7.9 ° -3.2 -7.4 °
Arrival Rollout 55.00Total landing distance 1,244 m, 59 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was excessively misaligned by 68.8 m from centreline.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 1,244 m59 % of runway.
0 % Runway alignment max 68.82 m0.00 m left to 68.82 m right -16.53 -66.97 m
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.98 g min to max 1.14 g 1.14 1.00 g
Info Average speed 67 kn51 kn min to max 81 kn 81 51 kn
Info Average pitch angle -0.2 °-3.2 ° min to max 0.8 ° -3.2 -0.2 °
Info Average bank angle 0.8 °0.0 ° min to max 7.2 ° 7.2 0.1 °
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 73 kn
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 82 kn0 kn min to max 120 kn 46 111 kn
Info Average pitch angle 3.5 °-6.4 ° min to max 22.9 ° -0.4 1.1 °
Info Average bank angle 5.3 °0.0 ° min to max 26.5 ° 0.2 8.1 °
Info Average g force 1.01 g0.72 g min to max 1.39 g 1.01 0.89 g

Events

Info Parking Brake On 1,433 ft agl · 99 kt
Info Parking Brake Off 1,553 ft agl · 97 kt

Takeoff

90.50 %
100.00Takeoff roll1,063 m · 50 %
100.00Liftoff speed66 kt
52.49Runway alignment10.58 m L
OkBounce on takeoffNone
100.00Rate of climb583 ft/m
Takeoff weight997 kg
Airfield elevation1,030 ft asl
Wind270° · 1 kn · 0 kn cross

Approach

64.86 %
Not assessed1,000 ft gateNot recorded
Not assessed500 ft gateNot recorded
0.00Threshold height166 ft
0.00Threshold speed132 kt
57.20Centreline offset0.48 m L

Touchdown

40.07 %
100.00Touchdown point489 m
56.97Centreline at touchdown14.85 m R
0.00Sink rate-1,132 ft/m
28.57Touchdown force2.50 G
FailBounces1
55.00Rollout distance489 m · 43 % used
Landing weight993 kg
Airfield elevation1,030 ft asl
Wind270° · 1 kn

The stabilisation gates

Two stabilised approach gates, each with six checks at 1,000 ft and 500 ft above the runway.

Six checks, two gates1,000 ft500 ft
Gear down
Landing flap
Sink rate
On glideslope
On centreline
On speed

Touchdown on CYKF 08

Past threshold
489 m
Off centreline
14.85 mR
Sink rate
-1,132 ft/m
Impact
2.50G

Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.

166 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft 80 ft400 Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 166 ft, down at 489 m

Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 2,124 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

5001,0001,500 THRESHOLD FULL SCORE TO 503 M 489 m past threshold CLEARED

The 489 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The 2.50 G arrival is the firm side of smooth.

Runway used 978 m of 2,124 m · 46 %

The rest of the report

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Flight map
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Takeoff report
Takeoff on runway 26 at CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo in the Cessna Skyhawk
95.6 %
90 %
Taxi
Taxiing from the parking to the runway took less than 1 minute. and covered less than 1 nm.
Taxi Lights
0 %
Switched Off
Ground Speed kt
100 %
30 15 0
Turn Speed
100 %
30 15 0
G
100 %
1.25 1 0.75
Bank °
Info
1 0.5 0
Pitch °
Info
1 0.5 0
90.5 %
Takeoff Roll
Departure roll runway 26 at CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo. Takeoff distance 86 m 4 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 66 kn. Local weather - Temperature 15 °C. Wind 1 kn at 270 °. Crosswind: 0 kn Headwind: 1 kn.
Takeoff Distance
100 %
Roll distance of 86 m using 4.06 % of runway
Liftoff Speed
100 %
Liftoff speed was 66 kn - Target 62 kn
Alignment
52.49 %
16.08 m left to 0.00 m left
Bounce
100 %
No Bounce Detected
Strobe Lights
100 %
Switched On
Landing Lights
100 %
Switched On
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
70 35 0
Bank °
Info
1 0.5 0
Pitch °
Info
3 1.5 0
02505007501,0001,2501,5001,7502,000-20-15-10-505101520 Runway Distance m Runway Alignment to End of Runway m
100 %
Climb 1
Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 26 CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo.
Alignment
100 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
80 70 60
Bank °
100 %
2 1 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
10 6 2
Climb Rate fpm
Info
900 400 -100
99.49 %
Climb 2
Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 26 CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo.
Alignment
100 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
80 65 50
Bank °
97.97 %
3 1.5 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
14 10 6
Climb Rate fpm
Info
1,300 850 400
97.98 %
Climb 3
Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from 26 CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo.
Alignment
100 %
2 0 -2
IAS kt
100 %
60 55 50
Bank °
89.92 %
6 3 0
G
100 %
1.5 1 0.5
Pitch °
Info
17 13 8
Climb Rate fpm
Info
1,400 1,050 700
02505007501,0001,2501,5001,7502,000090180270360450 Runway Distance m Height at End of Runway ft
00.040.070.110.150.180100200300400500 Climb Distance NM Climb Profile to 1,000 ft
00.040.070.110.150.18-60-48-36-24-1201224364860 Climb Distance NM Runway Alignment (in m) to 1,000 ft
Landing report
Landing on runway 08 at CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo in the Cessna Skyhawk
Landing Score 44.85 %
64.86 %
Final 1
Approaching runway 08 at CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 1,428 ft agl to 207 ft agl. A decrease of 1,221 ft in 20 seconds.
Glideslope
17.91 %
Poor descent path above glideslope limit
Heading
50.4 %
Poor heading alignment
Glideslope °
17.91 %
4 3 2
IAS kt
100 %
145 137 130
Alignment
50.4 %
0.5 0 -0.5
Bank °
65.97 %
16 8 0
G
80 %
1.5 1 0.5
Descent Rate fpm
Info
-2,144 -3,622 -5,100
00.250.50.7510501001502002503003504004505005506006507007508008509009501,0001,0501,1001,1501,2001,2501,3001,3501,400 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Height ft
00.250.50.751-50-38-25-13013253850 Distance to Touchdown NM Approach Runway Alignment m
19.48 %
Landing
Landing on runway 08 at CYKF Kitchener\/Waterloo, runway length 2,124 m. Threshold height at 167 ft agl was excessively over target. Threshold speed was excessively high at 133 kn.
Height
0 %
Threshold height at 167 ft agl was excessively over target. Target 50 ft agl
Speed
0 %
Threshold speed was excessively high at 133 kt. Target 63 kt
Flare
0 %
Very poor landing flare
Centreline ft
57.2 %
100 0 -100
Bank °
91.02 %
6 3 0
G
93.14 %
1.5 1 0.5
IAS kt
Info
133 121 110
Pitch °
Info
-2 -6 -10
Descent Rate fpm
Info
-1,166 -1,683 -2,200
07515022530037545052503367100133167 Runway Distance m Landing Height ft
075150225300375450525-24-20-16-12-8-404812162024 Runway Distance m Runway Width m
40.07 %
Touchdown
Touchdown point was 297 m beyond the touchdown zone. Touchdown speed at 119 kn was excessively fast. Touchdown rate was very heavy at -1,132 ft/m. Runway touchdown position was misaligned by 14.9 m from centreline. Local weather - Temperature 16 °C. Wind 1 kn at 270 °. Crosswind: 0 kn Tailwind: 1 kn.
Touchdown
0 %
Touchdown rate was very heavy at -1,132 ft/m.
Speed
0 %
Touchdown speed at 119 kt was excessively fast. Target below 53 kn
Distance
100 %
Touchdown point was 297 m beyond the touchdown zone.
Alignment
56.97 %
Runway touchdown position was misaligned by 14.9 m from centreline.
Bank
2.01 %
Bank angle 3.2 °
G
28.57 %
G 1.00 g
Bounce
100 %
No Bounce Detected
55 %
Rollout
Total landing distance 1,244 m, 59 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was excessively misaligned by 68.8 m from centreline.
Distance
100 %
Landing distance 1,244 m using 58.54 % of runway
Alignment
0 %
Runway rollout alignment was excessively misaligned by 68.8 m from centreline.
G
100 %
1.25 1 0.75
IAS kt
Info
75 57 40
Bank °
Info
8 4 0
Pitch °
Info
1 -1 -3
02004006008001,0001,200 Runway Distance m Runway Width m
Metrics
Metrics

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