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EGPE
Inverness, Scotland
Runway 23
Elevation26 ft asl
Weight1,054 kg
Fuel200 kg
Wind270° · 1 kn · 1 kn cross

Flight Score

95.97 %
EGPE
Inverness, Scotland
Runway 23
Elevation26 ft asl
Weight1,052 kg
Fuel198 kg
Wind270° · 1 kn · 1 kn cross
24 Feb 2026 0:06 7 nm PA28 Arrow III 2 kg
Departure Score
90.96 %
Pattern Score
96.95 %
Arrival Score
100.00 %

What went well

Touched down at -75 fpm — a soft arrival
Touchdown 354 m in — inside the full-score zone
Threshold crossed at 30 ft and 76 kt — both inside band

What held you back

Departure Roll — Landing Lights at 0 %, Strobe Lights at 0 %, −1.86 points
Departure Climb 2 — scored 90.00 %, −1.11 points
Pattern Downwind — Average altitude 835 ft agl at 75 %, −0.46 points

Next time

Departure

Ease the nose up sooner to lift off at 70 kt instead of letting speed build on the ground.

What happened: The aircraft lifted off at 87 kt, 17 kt above the target liftoff speed.

Watch for: Airspeed indicator: 70 kt at liftoff

See Departure Roll

A typical trainer rotates in the mid-50s of knots - a 172 at around 55 KIAS, climbing out at a Vy in the low 70s, though check your own POH rather than memorising Cessna's numbers - and the transferable rule is that Vr sits just above the stall speed in takeoff configuration. Rotate early because "it felt ready" and the aircraft lifts off inside ground effect, where induced drag is reduced, then climbs out of it into more drag. On a marginal-performance day the result is an aircraft that lifts off and then refuses to climb, sagging back towards the runway.

Read more in Improve Your Take-Offs

Start to finish · 16 stages, 14 in the score

The flight story

Departure One segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail. Arrival
Departure Runway Entry Entering runway 23 at EGPE Inverness Airport, Average speed was 9 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 9 kt1 kt min to max 20 kt 1 20 kt
Info Average pitch angle 0.7 °0.4 ° min to max 0.9 ° 0.9 0.4 °
Info Average bank angle 0.4 °0.3 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.4 0.4 °
Info Average g force 0.94 g0.89 g min to max 0.97 g 0.97 0.90 g
Departure Roll 83.28Departure roll runway 23 at EGPE Inverness Airport. Takeoff distance 794 m 44 % of runway. Liftoff speed was 87 kt. Local weather - Temperature 16 °C. Wind 1 kt at 269 °. Crosswind: 1 kt Headwind: 1 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Takeoff distance 794 m44 % of runway
66 % Liftoff speed was 87 ktTarget 70 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 2.75 m right1.90 m left to 2.75 m right -2.75 0.26 m
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.71 g min to max 1.24 g 0.89 1.10 g
100 % Takeoff Bounce
Info Average pitch angle 0.5 °-0.3 ° min to max 1.5 ° 0.4 1.5 °
Info Average bank angle 0.3 °0.2 ° min to max 0.7 ° 0.4 0.7 °

Events

Fail Landing Lights
Fail Strobe Lights
Departure Climb 1 99.60Departure climb to 50 ft agl from runway 23 EGPE Inverness Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading variation -0.1 °-0.2 ° min to max -0.1 ° -0.1 -0.1 °
100 % Average speed 91 kt88 kt min to max 94 kt 88 94 kt
98 % Average bank angle 1.6 °0.0 ° min to max 2.6 ° 0.7 1.7 °
100 % Average g force 1.09 g1.03 g min to max 1.16 g 1.11 1.12 g
Info Average VSI 203 fpm50 fpm min to max 521 fpm 79 521 fpm
Info Average altitude 19 ft agl5 ft agl min to max 43 ft agl 5 43 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 3.2 °1.6 ° min to max 6.6 ° 1.6 6.6 °

Events

Info Landing Gear Up 7 ft agl · 89 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 34 ft agl · 93 kt
Departure Climb 2 90.00Departure climb to 400 ft agl from 23 EGPE Inverness Airport.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 92 kt86 kt min to max 94 kt 94 86 kt
100 % Average bank angle 1.6 °0.2 ° min to max 4.6 ° 1.7 4.6 °
100 % Average g force 1.08 g0.95 g min to max 1.14 g 1.12 0.98 g
Info Average VSI 803 fpm532 fpm min to max 1,221 fpm 532 612 fpm
Info Average altitude 158 ft agl44 ft agl min to max 502 ft agl 44 502 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 8.0 °6.1 ° min to max 9.6 ° 6.6 6.2 °
Pattern Entry 100.00Left hand pattern entry from runway 23 EGPE Inverness Airport. Distance was less than 1 nm in 18 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 91 kt86 kt min to max 94 kt 86 92 kt
100 % Average bank angle 17.2 °6.9 ° min to max 21.7 ° 6.9 20.8 °
100 % Average g force 1.07 g0.98 g min to max 1.12 g 0.99 1.08 g
Info Average VSI 410 fpm178 fpm min to max 662 fpm 552 661 fpm
Info Average altitude 575 ft agl511 ft agl min to max 652 ft agl 511 652 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 5.1 °3.4 ° min to max 6.5 ° 5.9 6.3 °
Pattern Crosswind 100.00Left hand pattern crosswind from runway 23 EGPE Inverness Airport. Distance was less than 1 nm in 20 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading -0.6 °-20.2 ° min to max 15.1 ° 15.1 -20.2 °
100 % Average speed 90 kt89 kt min to max 92 kt 92 90 kt
100 % Average g force 1.03 g1.00 g min to max 1.07 g 1.07 1.02 g
Info Average VSI 615 fpm471 fpm min to max 650 fpm 647 471 fpm
Info Average altitude 783 ft agl664 ft agl min to max 902 ft agl 664 902 ft agl
Info Average bank angle 8.4 °0.2 ° min to max 19.3 ° 19.3 17.9 °
Info Average pitch angle 5.8 °3.4 ° min to max 6.3 ° 6.1 3.4 °
Pattern Downwind Turn 94.81Pattern Downwind Turn. Distance was 1 nm. Angle to the runway's far end 54.3 °.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
83 % Angle to runway (45 degrees) 54.3 °.
100 % Average speed 93 kt90 kt min to max 95 kt 90 94 kt
100 % Average bank angle 14.2 °5.8 ° min to max 17.7 ° 17.7 5.8 °
100 % Average g force 1.04 g1.00 g min to max 1.08 g 1.03 1.01 g
Info Average VSI 39 fpm-483 fpm min to max 375 fpm 375 -483 fpm
Info Average altitude 935 ft agl910 ft agl min to max 952 ft agl 910 934 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 1.0 °-1.5 ° min to max 2.8 ° 2.8 -1.5 °
Pattern Downwind 90.28Pattern Downwind Leg. Distance was 2 nm in 79 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
93 % Heading 6.0 °-15.2 ° min to max 9.7 ° 7.0 -15.2 °
75 % Average altitude 835 ft agl728 ft agl min to max 927 ft agl 927 728 ft agl
100 % Average speed 86 kt82 kt min to max 94 kt 94 88 kt
100 % Average g force 1.01 g0.96 g min to max 1.09 g 1.02 1.04 g
Info Average VSI -183 fpm-576 fpm min to max 235 fpm -545 -546 fpm
Info Average bank angle 3.4 °0.0 ° min to max 16.9 ° 1.8 16.9 °
Info Average pitch angle 1.6 °-1.5 ° min to max 4.7 ° -1.5 -0.6 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 732 ft agl · 89 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 714 ft agl · 89 kt
Pattern Base Leg Turn 93.59Pattern Base Leg Turn. Distance was 1 nm. Angle to runway (45 degrees) 55.3 °.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
79 % Angle to runway (45 degrees) 55.3 °.
100 % Average speed 82 kt78 kt min to max 88 kt 88 78 kt
100 % Average bank angle 12.9 °5.2 ° min to max 18.2 ° 17.7 5.2 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g1.01 g min to max 1.06 g 1.04 1.03 g
Info Average VSI -587 fpm-790 fpm min to max -338 fpm -538 -338 fpm
Info Average altitude 615 ft agl530 ft agl min to max 719 ft agl 719 530 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -0.9 °-2.7 ° min to max 0.8 ° -0.4 0.8 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 2 547 ft agl · 87 kt
Pattern Base Leg 100.00Pattern Base Leg. Distance was less than 1 nm in 31 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Heading 3.5 °-16.0 ° min to max 10.0 ° 10.0 -16.0 °
100 % Average speed 78 kt77 kt min to max 79 kt 78 79 kt
100 % Average g force 1.00 g0.97 g min to max 1.03 g 1.03 1.03 g
Info Average altitude 441 ft agl324 ft agl min to max 524 ft agl 524 324 ft agl
Info Average bank angle 4.4 °0.3 ° min to max 17.4 ° 4.6 17.4 °
Info Average pitch angle 0.4 °-1.9 ° min to max 1.6 ° 1.2 -1.5 °
Pattern Final Turn 100.00Pattern Final Turn. Distance was less than 1 nm in 24 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Average speed 80 kt78 kt min to max 82 kt 79 78 kt
100 % Average bank angle 11.0 °0.1 ° min to max 22.6 ° 18.7 0.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.04 g0.96 g min to max 1.12 g 1.05 0.99 g
Info Average VSI -328 fpm-705 fpm min to max -109 fpm -705 -260 fpm
Info Average altitude 239 ft agl178 ft agl min to max 311 ft agl 311 178 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 0.9 °-1.2 ° min to max 2.7 ° -1.2 1.0 °
Arrival Final 1 100.00Approaching runway 23 at EGPE Inverness Airport from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 174 ft agl to 42 ft agl. A decrease of 132 ft in 15 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Approach angle 3.4 °2.7 ° min to max 3.8 °Target 3.0 ° 3.3 2.7 °
100 % Average speed 78 kt76 kt min to max 78 kt 78 76 kt
100 % Heading variation -0.0 °-0.2 ° min to max -0.0 ° -0.2 -0.0 °
100 % Average bank angle 1.8 °0.1 ° min to max 2.9 ° 1.4 0.1 °
100 % Average g force 0.99 g0.95 g min to max 1.06 g 0.99 1.06 g
Info Average VSI -704 fpm-816 fpm min to max -270 fpm -270 -796 fpm
Info Average altitude 81 ft agl42 ft agl min to max 174 ft agl 174 42 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle -2.0 °-2.9 ° min to max 1.0 ° 0.9 -0.6 °
00.250.50.751050100150Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Height ft00.250.50.751-40-30-20-10010203040Distance to Touchdown NMApproach Runway Alignment m
Arrival Landing 100.00Landing on runway 23 at EGPE Inverness Airport, runway length 1,814 m. Good threshold height. Threshold speed was slightly above target at 76 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Threshold speed was slightly above target at 76 kt. Target 71 kt
100 % Good threshold height.Target 50 ft agl
100 % Perfect landing flare
100 % Runway alignment max 0.04 m right0.02 m right to 0.04 m right -0.02 -0.03 m
100 % Average bank angle 0.9 °0.0 ° min to max 1.8 ° 0.0 0.4 °
100 % Average g force 1.03 g0.81 g min to max 1.16 g 1.07 0.81 g
Info Average speed 67 kt58 kt min to max 76 kt 76 58 kt
Info Average VSI -249 fpm-790 fpm min to max -75 fpm -790 -75 fpm
Info Average altitude 1 ft agl-12 ft agl min to max 31 ft agl 31 -12 ft agl
Info Average pitch angle 4.7 °-0.4 ° min to max 6.6 ° -0.4 4.9 °
07515022530037501123344657Runway Distance mLanding Height ft075150225300375-24-20-16-12-8-404812162024Runway Distance mRunway Width m
Arrival Touchdown 100.00Touchdown distance was good at 354 m. Touchdown speed at 58 kt was good. Touchdown rate was excellent at -75 fpm. Runway touchdown alignment was very good. Local weather - Temperature 15 °C. Wind 1 kt at 270 °. Crosswind: 1 kt Headwind: 1 kt.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Touchdown rate was -75 fpm.
100 % Touchdown distance was 354 mTarget 457 m
100 % Speed at touchdown 58 ktTarget below 66 kt
100 % Runway alignment max 2.46 m right2.45 m right -2.44 -2.46 m
100 % Average bank angle 0.2 °0.2 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.4 0.2 °
100 % Average g force 0.90 g0.80 g min to max 0.99 g 0.81 0.99 g
100 % Landing Bounce
Info Average speed 57 kt56 kt min to max 58 kt 58 56 kt
Info Average pitch angle 5.2 °4.9 ° min to max 5.9 ° 4.9 5.9 °
Arrival Rollout 100.00Total landing distance 710 m, 39 % of runway. Runway rollout alignment was perfect.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 % Landing distance 710 m39 % of runway.
100 % Runway alignment max 2.52 m right0.43 m left to 2.52 m right -2.47 0.43 m
100 % Average g force 0.84 g0.65 g min to max 0.99 g 0.99 0.94 g
Info Average speed 51 kt32 kt min to max 56 kt 56 32 kt
Info Average pitch angle 4.5 °-0.5 ° min to max 7.3 ° 6.0 -0.5 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.1 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.2 0.4 °

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 2 ft agl · 41 kt
Info Flaps Fully Retracted 2 ft agl · 40 kt
Info Battery Master On 2 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Engine 1 Started 2 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Beacon Lights Switched On 2 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Landing Lights Switched On 2 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Navigation Lights Switched On 2 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Autopilot Master Switched On 2 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Landing Gear Down 2 ft agl · 2 kt
Info Flaps Position 1 2 ft agl · 2 kt
Runway Exit Exiting runway, average speed 27 kt
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
Info Average speed 27 kt0 kt min to max 56 kt 26 56 kt
Info Average pitch angle 0.9 °-0.9 ° min to max 1.7 ° -0.7 1.7 °
Info Average bank angle 0.2 °0.1 ° min to max 0.4 ° 0.4 0.2 °
Info Average g force 0.99 g0.97 g min to max 1.00 g 0.97 1.00 g

Events

Info Flaps Position 1 2 ft agl · 1 kt

Speed and pitch

From brake release to the end of the climb, against time, then the takeoff point by point.

Lifted off at 87 kt with 0.2° of pitch.

How to read this

Two traces from brake release: the airspeed on top, and below it the pitch, which is how far the nose is above the horizon. The figure at liftoff is the pitch then.

120 kt8040020°10°0°LIFTOFF0.2° off6° at 35 ftAIRSPEEDPITCH0204060 sfrom brake release
AirspeedPitch

The takeoff, point by point

PointSpeedPitchTime
Brake release0 m 24 kt 0.4° 0 s
Liftoff146 m · target 70 87 kt 0.2° 6.9 s
35 ft1,124 m · 24.3 s after liftoff 94 kt 6.2° 31.2 s
End of the climb2,526 m · 502 ft 86 kt 6.2° 62 s

Takeoff from EGPE 23

Takeoff roll100.00
794m44 %
Liftoff speed66.42
87kttarget 70, 17 fast
Runway alignment100.00
2.75m R
Bounce on takeoffOk
None
Rate of climb99.60
202fpm

Side view from the start of the roll to 502 ft.

Reached 35 ft with 625 m of runway left; then climbing at 540 fpm on average to 502 ft.

How to read this

The takeoff from the side: the height above the runway against the distance along it. The numbers along the runway are the speeds reached at each point. Lifting off in the amber last quarter of the runway costs marks for the roll length.

750 ft375 ft0THRESHOLDRUNWAY END304050KNOTS ALONG THE ROLLLiftoff 87 kt
On the runwayClimbingLast quarter of the runway

Plan view the roll down the 1,814 m runway.

Rolled from 65 m in, drifted 2.7 m right of the centreline and was back on it to lift off. Airborne 11 % of the way down the runway, before the 75 % line.

How to read this

The roll from above, with your left at the top. The line is where the wheels went, and "widest" is the furthest you drifted off the centreline. Lifting off before the amber 75 % line gets full marks for the roll length.

5001,0001,500THRESHOLDLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓75 %widest 2.73 m RROLL 65 M INAirborne 212 m from the threshold
Your trackRunway used in the rollCentreline75 %: lift off before it for full marks
Runway to liftoff 212 m of 1,814 m · 12 %
Behind the start of the roll, 65 mTakeoff roll, 146 m Left ahead, 1,602 m

The circuit to EGPE 23

Left-hand, 1,000 ft circuit height. The plan shows your circuit over a textbook one for this runway; the profile unrolls the same path from liftoff to the threshold.

Plan landing direction to the left; in pale blue the textbook circuit for your downwind speed, 0.9 nm out at 85 kt

How to read this

The lap from above, with the landing direction to the left: the opposite of the runway drawings. The wide pale-blue line is a textbook circuit for your downwind speed - the downwind a mile out for every 100 kt, every turn at 30° of bank - and your track is drawn over it, each leg in the colour of its mark. The numbers are the four turns, the same as on the profile and the cards below. The 45° line from the threshold is the usual point to turn onto base.

45° to the thresholdTHRLANDING1234crosswinddownwindbase90+75-89under 75not a circuit legtextbook circuit

Around the circuit height and bank; the turns are shaded

How to read this

The same lap straightened out, so the height and the bank can be read together. Each shaded stretch is a turn, numbered as on the plan. The green box is circuit height, 1,000 ft, on the downwind. The amber line is 30° of bank, and a turn's steepest bank shows red above 32°. "Turn crosswind from" is the lowest height to start the first turn at.

05001,0001,5000°30°HEIGHT ftBANKcircuit height 1,000 ftturn crosswind from 500 ft22°118°218°323°4distance flown →
HeightBankA turnCircuit height ±50 ft30° of bank
1Crosswind turn
Turned at
588 ft
Bank
22°
Speed
94 kt

Good: full marks on the turn and the leg after it.

2Onto downwind
Bank
18°
Height
835 ft on 1,000 ft
Speed
86 kt
Out
1.2 nm 0.9 suits 85 kt

Low on downwind: 835 ft against 1,000 ft, 165 ft below.

Descending on downwind. Power comes back abeam, the aircraft isn't re-trimmed, your eyes are outside judging the turn point, and 100 ft leaks away before base. Shows up as a low gate 2, and everything after it is a scramble.

Read more in Pattern Work
3Base turn
Angle
55° target 45°
Bank
18°
Height
709 ft

Early: turned base with the threshold 55° behind, against 45°.

Base. Turn 90 degrees towards the runway when the threshold sits about 45 degrees behind your shoulder. Descend at around 80 kt with second-stage flap. The geometry of that 45-degree cue isn't arbitrary. It produces a base leg long enough to lose roughly 500 ft at about 500 fpm before the final turn. Once you know that's what the cue is for, you can derive your own turn point for any aircraft and any speed.

Read more in Pattern Work
4Final turn
Bank
23°
Overshoot
9 m none
Speed
80 kt

Good: full marks on the turn.

Entry100Crosswind100Turn onto downwind95Downwind90Base turn94Base100Final turn100

The approach to EGPE 23

The final from 4 nm.

Profile height against the 3° glideslope, with its 2° band in green.

Inside the glideslope band from 0.8 nm, where the final began, to the threshold, never more than 50 ft below the slope.

How to read this

Your height above the runway against the distance still to go. The glideslope is the steady descent path to the aiming point, 305 m past the threshold: 3° here, which is about 320 ft for every nautical mile out, crossing the threshold at about 50 ft. The row under the distances is the height it puts you at. Inside the green band your path is drawn green; outside it, amber.

5001,0001,5002,0002,500 ft4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRON SLOPE1,3301,0106903703° GLIDESLOPE · 2° BAND198
GlideslopeAllowed bandYou, inside the bandYou, outside itYour height there

Plan distance off the extended centreline, your left at the top, with the 1° band. Sideways distances are drawn 3× larger than distances along the final.

Inside the 1° band all the way from 0.8 nm, never more than 145 m off the centreline.

How to read this

Looking down from above, flying left to right towards the runway: up the page is left of the centreline, down is right. Sideways distances are stretched so that small drifts show, so a line that looks wild here may be only a few tens of feet. The labels are how far off you were at each distance, amber when outside the band.

4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHR305 m L0305 m RLEFT ↑RIGHT ↓1° BAND0 m R
Extended centreline1° either sideYour trackOutside the band

Speed against the approach speed. The green band runs from 5 kt slow to 40 kt fast at the 1,000 ft gate, closing to 24 at 500 ft and 10 at the threshold.

Inside the speed band all the way, between −3 kt and +3 kt on the approach speed of 79 kt.

How to read this

Your indicated airspeed down the final, against the approach speed for this aircraft at its landing weight. The band allows 5 kt slow and more on the fast side further out, closing as you get lower, because the speed is expected to come off on the way down. The figures are knots above (+) or below (−) the approach speed.

80100120140 kt4 nm3 nm2 nm1 nmTHRAPPROACH SPEED 79−0 kt−3 kt
Your airspeedApproach speedWhat the gates allowOutside the band

Landing and touchdown on EGPE 23

Over the threshold

Threshold height100.00
30ft
Threshold speed100.00
76kttarget 79, 3 slow
Centreline offset100.00
0.04m R

Touchdown

Past threshold100.00
354m
Centreline100.00
2.46m R
Speed100.00
57kttarget 75 or less
Touchdown rate100.00
-75fpm
Impact100.00
0.99G
BouncesOk
None
The flare100.00

Perfect landing flare

The crosswind

No crosswind: nothing to correct for. Touched down straight, wings level.

Wind 270° at 1 kt · 1 kt head · 0 kt across

How to read this

The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.

The stop

From 57 kt at touchdown to taxi speed (30 kt) in 17 s, an average deceleration of 0.10 g.

How to read this

Your ground speed from the moment the wheels touched until you were down to taxi speed, against the distance rolled. A steep line is hard braking, a shallow one a long, gentle roll. For scale, an airliner's lowest autobrake setting decelerates at about 0.15 g, a medium one about 0.3 g. Shown for reading; not marked.

02040608030 kt · 372 mtouchdown387 mkt
Your ground speed60 kt and taxi speed

Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.

Crossed the threshold at 30 ft, 20 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 354 m in, 49 m past the ideal 305 m.

How to read this

The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,524 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.

30 ft over the threshold · target 50 ft FLARE NORMALLY STARTS 11–45 FT 80 ft400 −62 fpm · 4.9° nose up · 58 kt Ideal — 50 ft, down at 305 m This flight — 30 ft, down at 354 m

Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.

The sink went from 780 fpm at 31 ft to 60 fpm at touchdown. The nose came up 5.3° on the way down.

How to read this

Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.

SINK RATE FPM · 0 IS LEVEL, LOWER IS COMING DOWN FASTERPITCH · HIGHER IS NOSE UP0−500−1,000−1°4°10°touchdown−62 fpm at touchdown4.9° at touchdown
Sink ratePitchFlare began, descent slowedTouchdown

Plan view — the first 1,524 m of the 1,814 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.

Touched down 2.5 m right of the centreline, and stayed within 2.5 m of it down the rollout.

How to read this

The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended.

5001,0001,500 THRESHOLD LEFT ↑ RIGHT ↓ FULL SCORE TO 503 M 354 m past threshold ROLLOUT ENDED
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline

The 354 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The arrival was smooth.

Runway used 693 m of 1,814 m · 38 %
In the air over the runway, 354 mRollout, 339 m Left over, 1,120 m
Rollout distance100.00
339m38 % used
Rollout alignment100.00
2.52m R

The rest of the report

Explore in detail

Flight narrative

The flight began with a departure roll from runway 23 at EGPE Inverness Airport, where the aircraft, a PA28 Arrow III, accelerated down the 794-meter runway, covering 44% of its length, before lifting off at a speed of 87 knots. The local weather conditions at the time of takeoff were characterized by a temperature of 16 degrees Celsius and a gentle wind of 1 knot from a direction of 269 degrees, resulting in a negligible crosswind and headwind.

As the aircraft entered the left-hand traffic pattern, it made a smooth turn from the runway, covering a distance of less than 1 nautical mile in just 18 seconds. The subsequent crosswind turn was completed in a similar time of 20 seconds, with the aircraft maintaining a steady heading. The downwind turn, which involved a 45-degree angle to the runway, was completed over a distance of 1 nautical mile, while the downwind leg itself covered a distance of 2 nautical miles in 79 seconds.

As the aircraft began its base leg turn, it covered a distance of 1 nautical mile, with an angle to the runway of 55.3 degrees. The base leg itself was completed in just 31 seconds, covering a distance of less than 1 nautical mile. The final turn, which brought the aircraft onto the final approach, was completed in 24 seconds, after which the aircraft began its descent onto runway 23.

The final approach was made from the north-east, with the aircraft flying at a heading of 229.0 degrees and an altitude of 174 feet above ground level. The landing was characterized by a threshold speed that was slightly above the target speed of 76 knots, but the touchdown distance of 353 meters was considered good, and the touchdown speed of 58 knots was also within acceptable limits. The touchdown rate of -75 feet per minute was excellent, and the runway touchdown alignment was very good.

The total landing distance was 710 meters, which represented 39% of the runway length. The runway rollout alignment was perfect, with the aircraft coming to a stop in a straight line. The total flight distance was 7 nautical miles, which was completed in 6 minutes, and the aircraft used a total of 2 kilograms of fuel during the flight.

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