Ground effect becomes significant below about one wingspan of height. A Cessna 172, with a 36 ft span, enters ground effect at flare height - the float it feels in the hold-off is ground effect arriving on cue. An A320, with a span around 117 ft, has been in ground effect since before the threshold and there is no sudden cushion to feel, only a gradual reduction in induced drag that lengthens any float you allow.
The approach before the go-around was abandoned. Its marks are shown, but only the approach that landed counts.
DepartureOne segment per stage, in flight order — colour is the score band. Drag the bar to move along the flight, or click a stage card to open its detail.Arrival
Departure Climb 173.53Departure climb to 50 ft agl from V C Bird Intl.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 %Heading variation -62.7 °-179.4 ° min to max 179.7 °156.15.0 °
100 %Average speed 57 kn6 kn min to max 98 kn798 kn
95 %Average bank angle 0.9 °0.0 ° min to max 3.7 °0.00.1 °
97 %Average g force 1.00 g0.91 g min to max 1.31 g0.971.11 g
InfoAverage VSI 407 ft/m293 ft/m min to max 630 ft/m483630 ft/m
InfoAverage altitude 7 ft agl-6 ft agl min to max 50 ft agl-550 ft agl
InfoAverage pitch angle 4.7 °1.3 ° min to max 14.0 °13.75.1 °
Departure Climb 284.13Departure climb to 400 ft agl from V C Bird Intl.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
37 %Heading variation 5.5 °5.0 ° min to max 7.1 °5.07.1 °
100 %Average speed 99 kn90 kn min to max 101 kn9890 kn
100 %Average bank angle 0.5 °0.0 ° min to max 1.2 °0.10.4 °
100 %Average g force 1.13 g0.82 g min to max 1.17 g1.110.82 g
InfoAverage VSI 1,163 ft/m645 ft/m min to max 2,764 ft/m6452,764 ft/m
InfoAverage altitude 98 ft agl58 ft agl min to max 366 ft agl58366 ft agl
InfoAverage pitch angle 8.2 °5.2 ° min to max 17.3 °5.216.8 °
Departure Climb 378.05Departure climb to 1,000 ft agl from V C Bird Intl.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 %Heading variation 11.0 °7.5 ° min to max 14.3 °7.514.3 °
100 %Average speed 88 kn79 kn min to max 96 kn8592 kn
91 %Average bank angle 0.7 °0.0 ° min to max 5.4 °0.00.3 °
98 %Average g force 0.97 g0.72 g min to max 1.13 g0.871.05 g
100 %Landing gear up
InfoAverage VSI 827 ft/m119 ft/m min to max 2,484 ft/m2,484866 ft/m
InfoAverage altitude 734 ft agl399 ft agl min to max 982 ft agl399982 ft agl
InfoAverage pitch angle 5.8 °1.8 ° min to max 16.6 °16.65.8 °
Enroute Climb99.89Enroute climb started overhead Potters Village (Parish of Saint John, Antigua and Barbuda). Climbing from 1,045 ft asl to 4,233 ft asl, an increase of 3,189 ft in 5 minutes and covering 8 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 %Average speed 91 kn86 kn min to max 102 kn9298 kn
100 %Average bank angle 4.3 °0.0 ° min to max 19.9 °2.10.3 °
99 %Average g force 1.01 g0.94 g min to max 1.27 g1.031.01 g
InfoAverage VSI 725 ft/m-866 ft/m min to max 1,688 ft/m949286 ft/m
InfoAverage altitude 2,242 ft asl1,045 ft asl min to max 4,233 ft asl1,0454,233 ft asl
InfoAverage pitch angle 4.2 °-3.7 ° min to max 7.5 °6.22.3 °
InfoTurn coordination 00 min to max 000
Enroute Level100.00Enroute level cruise started 4 miles west of Bolands (Parish of Saint Mary, Antigua and Barbuda) and lasted less than 1 minute. , covering less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 %Average altitude 4,362 ft asl4,292 ft asl min to max 4,434 ft asl4,2924,434 ft asl
100 %Average speed 98 kn96 kn min to max 99 kn9898 kn
100 %Average bank angle 0.3 °0.2 ° min to max 0.3 °0.20.3 °
100 %Average g force 1.00 g0.98 g min to max 1.01 g1.001.00 g
InfoTurn coordination 00 min to max 000
InfoAverage pitch angle 2.4 °2.0 ° min to max 3.1 °2.73.1 °
Enroute Climb 2100.00Enroute climb started 6 miles west of Bolands (Parish of Saint Mary, Antigua and Barbuda). Climbing from 4,504 ft asl to 4,667 ft asl, an increase of 163 ft in less than 1 minute. and covering less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 %Average speed 98 kn97 kn min to max 98 kn9798 kn
100 %Average bank angle 0.4 °0.3 ° min to max 0.8 °0.30.8 °
100 %Average g force 1.00 g0.99 g min to max 1.00 g0.990.99 g
InfoAverage VSI 330 ft/m277 ft/m min to max 382 ft/m382300 ft/m
InfoAverage altitude 4,584 ft asl4,504 ft asl min to max 4,667 ft asl4,5044,667 ft asl
InfoAverage pitch angle 2.4 °2.1 ° min to max 2.8 °2.82.1 °
InfoTurn coordination 00 min to max 000
Enroute Level 2100.00Enroute level cruise started 7 miles west of Bolands (Parish of Saint Mary, Antigua and Barbuda) and lasted 1 minutes, covering 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 %Average altitude 4,767 ft asl4,708 ft asl min to max 4,809 ft asl4,7084,770 ft asl
100 %Average speed 99 kn97 kn min to max 103 kn9997 kn
100 %Average bank angle 10.5 °0.1 ° min to max 19.4 °0.20.1 °
100 %Average g force 1.00 g0.97 g min to max 1.07 g1.010.99 g
InfoTurn coordination 00 min to max 000
InfoAverage pitch angle 1.2 °-1.1 ° min to max 2.2 °1.81.4 °
Enroute Descent100.00Enroute descent started 3 miles north east of Guadeloupe (Parish of Saint Mary, Antigua and Barbuda). Descent from 4,747 ft asl to 3,199 ft asl, a decrease of 1,547 ft in 3 minutes and covering 6 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 %Average speed 98 kn95 kn min to max 102 kn9897 kn
100 %Average bank angle 3.7 °0.1 ° min to max 12.1 °0.20.5 °
100 %Average g force 1.00 g0.96 g min to max 1.05 g1.000.99 g
InfoAverage VSI -483 ft/m-770 ft/m min to max 62 ft/m-219-661 ft/m
InfoAverage altitude 3,974 ft asl3,199 ft asl min to max 4,747 ft asl4,7473,199 ft asl
InfoAverage pitch angle -1.6 °-3.3 ° min to max 1.4 °-0.5-2.2 °
InfoTurn coordination 00 min to max 000
Enroute Level 3100.00Enroute level cruise started 2 miles south west of Guadeloupe (Parish of Saint Mary, Antigua and Barbuda) and lasted less than 1 minute. , covering less than 1 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 %Average altitude 2,963 ft asl2,871 ft asl min to max 3,078 ft asl3,0783,010 ft asl
100 %Average speed 105 kn98 kn min to max 108 kn98107 kn
100 %Average bank angle 7.2 °0.1 ° min to max 12.2 °0.19.6 °
100 %Average g force 1.03 g0.98 g min to max 1.12 g1.001.00 g
InfoTurn coordination 00 min to max 000
InfoAverage pitch angle 3.7 °-2.4 ° min to max 6.8 °-2.46.2 °
Enroute Climb 399.89Enroute climb started 3 miles south west of Guadeloupe (Parish of Saint Mary, Antigua and Barbuda). Climbing from 3,029 ft asl to 3,450 ft asl, an increase of 421 ft in 1 minutes and covering 2 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 %Average speed 115 kn103 kn min to max 127 kn106118 kn
100 %Average bank angle 6.9 °0.2 ° min to max 12.9 °8.00.3 °
99 %Average g force 1.04 g0.81 g min to max 1.27 g0.990.97 g
InfoAverage VSI 822 ft/m-1,069 ft/m min to max 2,089 ft/m1,145-171 ft/m
InfoAverage altitude 3,245 ft asl3,029 ft asl min to max 3,450 ft asl3,0293,450 ft asl
InfoAverage pitch angle 4.6 °-5.5 ° min to max 10.4 °6.0-0.5 °
InfoTurn coordination 00 min to max 000
Enroute Level 4100.00Enroute level cruise started 8 miles north of Brades (Parish of Saint Peter, Montserrat) and lasted 1 minutes, covering 3 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 %Average altitude 3,599 ft asl3,438 ft asl min to max 3,721 ft asl3,4383,709 ft asl
100 %Average speed 120 kn116 kn min to max 124 kn122118 kn
100 %Average bank angle 0.9 °0.1 ° min to max 6.6 °0.46.6 °
100 %Average g force 0.99 g0.95 g min to max 1.04 g1.020.95 g
InfoTurn coordination 00 min to max 000
InfoAverage pitch angle 0.8 °-0.6 ° min to max 2.2 °0.2-0.6 °
Enroute Descent 2100.00Enroute descent started 6 miles north of Brades (Parish of Saint Peter, Montserrat). Descent from 3,675 ft asl to 2,806 ft asl, a decrease of 869 ft in 2 minutes and covering 5 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 %Average speed 122 kn119 kn min to max 126 kn119122 kn
100 %Average bank angle 8.9 °0.4 ° min to max 17.0 °0.45.4 °
100 %Average g force 1.01 g0.96 g min to max 1.07 g0.991.03 g
InfoAverage VSI -401 ft/m-819 ft/m min to max 351 ft/m-460351 ft/m
InfoAverage altitude 3,169 ft asl2,784 ft asl min to max 3,675 ft asl3,6752,806 ft asl
InfoAverage pitch angle -1.6 °-3.4 ° min to max 2.3 °-2.02.3 °
InfoTurn coordination 00 min to max 000
Enroute Level 5100.00Enroute level cruise started 3 miles north west of Brades (Parish of Saint Peter, Montserrat) and lasted 2 minutes, covering 3 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 %Average altitude 2,645 ft asl2,494 ft asl min to max 2,858 ft asl2,8582,494 ft asl
100 %Average speed 124 kn118 kn min to max 127 kn118119 kn
100 %Average bank angle 8.6 °0.3 ° min to max 13.4 °7.62.7 °
100 %Average g force 1.00 g0.93 g min to max 1.04 g0.930.97 g
InfoTurn coordination 00 min to max 000
InfoAverage pitch angle -0.6 °-2.6 ° min to max 0.7 °-0.0-1.8 °
Enroute Descent 399.09Enroute descent started overhead Brades (Parish of Saint Peter, Montserrat). Descent from 2,425 ft asl to 552 ft asl, a decrease of 1,873 ft in 2 minutes and covering 3 nm.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 %Average speed 120 kn107 kn min to max 135 kn116110 kn
100 %Average bank angle 9.0 °0.1 ° min to max 25.8 °0.511.6 °
91 %Average g force 1.02 g0.82 g min to max 1.41 g0.931.03 g
InfoAverage VSI -1,139 ft/m-2,478 ft/m min to max 882 ft/m-996-950 ft/m
InfoAverage altitude 1,240 ft asl538 ft asl min to max 2,425 ft asl2,425552 ft asl
InfoAverage pitch angle -5.6 °-8.9 ° min to max 3.7 °-5.0-3.9 °
InfoTurn coordination 00 min to max 000
Arrival99.43Not counted in the flight scoreArrival started overhead Brades (Parish of Saint Peter, Montserrat).
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 %Average speed 106 kn74 kn min to max 122 kn11479 kn
100 %Average bank angle 3.6 °0.1 ° min to max 10.9 °10.92.4 °
97 %Average g force 1.02 g0.81 g min to max 1.30 g1.091.09 g
InfoAverage VSI -4 ft/m-900 ft/m min to max 1,600 ft/m-900-483 ft/m
InfoAverage altitude 459 ft asl324 ft asl min to max 629 ft asl536593 ft asl
InfoAverage pitch angle -0.1 °-7.5 ° min to max 9.8 °-3.3-5.6 °
InfoTurn coordination 00 min to max 000
Events
InfoFlaps Position 1 324 ft agl · 123 kt
InfoFlaps Position 2 429 ft agl · 110 kt
InfoFlaps Position 3 487 ft agl · 102 kt
Arrival Final 158.97Approaching landing ground 2 miles south east of TRPG Osborne Intl (Parish of Saint Peter, Montserrat) from 1 nm to 0 nm. Descent from 574 ft agl to 41 ft agl. A decrease of 533 ft in 44 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
0 %Approach angle 3.2 °2.4 ° min to max 5.5 °Target 3.0 °5.52.5 °
100 %Average speed 66 kn57 kn min to max 82 kn7757 kn
17 %Heading variation 0.2 °-2.5 ° min to max 1.2 °-2.30.0 °
78 %Average bank angle 3.3 °0.0 ° min to max 11.2 °3.44.4 °
100 %Average g force 1.02 g0.80 g min to max 1.24 g1.010.99 g
InfoAverage VSI -514 ft/m-1,205 ft/m min to max -30 ft/m-367-158 ft/m
InfoAverage altitude 122 ft agl41 ft agl min to max 574 ft agl57441 ft agl
InfoAverage pitch angle -3.5 °-12.0 ° min to max 0.3 °-5.8-0.8 °
Arrival Landing82.16Approaching touchdown 2 miles south east of TRPG Osborne Intl (Parish of Saint Peter, Montserrat). Descent from 32 ft agl to 0 ft agl. A decrease of 32 ft in 7 seconds.
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
100 %Threshold speed was a little below target at 57 kn. Target 58 kn
74 %Landing and flare profile
67 %Heading variation -0.5 °-1.1 ° min to max -0.0 °-0.0-1.1 °
94 %Average bank angle 1.7 °0.0 ° min to max 4.4 °4.40.4 °
100 %Average g force 0.99 g0.90 g min to max 1.07 g0.981.04 g
InfoAverage speed 53 kn49 kn min to max 57 kn5750 kn
InfoAverage VSI -175 ft/m-238 ft/m min to max -108 ft/m-158-237 ft/m
InfoAverage altitude 20 ft agl8 ft agl min to max 32 ft agl328 ft agl
InfoAverage pitch angle -0.1 °-1.7 ° min to max 2.0 °-0.9-0.3 °
Arrival Touchdown73.59Touchdown 2 miles south east of TRPG Osborne Intl (Parish of Saint Peter, Montserrat). Touchdown speed at 50 kn was too fast. Touchdown rate was fair at -237 ft/m. Touchdown distance was good at 179 m. Local weather - Temperature 29 °C. Wind 15 kn at 109 °. Crosswind: 10 kn Headwind: 11 kn
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
80 %Touchdown VSI was -237 ft/m.
100 %Speed at touchdown 50 knTarget 33 kn
0 %Alignment max 38.58 m31.71 m right-26.53-38.58 m
0 %Average bank angle 0.7 °0.0 ° min to max 4.1 °0.44.1 °
70 %Average g force 0.99 g0.70 g min to max 1.77 g1.041.21 g
100 %Landing Bounce
InfoAverage speed 46 kn43 kn min to max 50 kn5043 kn
InfoAverage pitch angle 0.4 °-6.1 ° min to max 5.6 °-0.35.6 °
Events
FailBounce during touchdown7 ft agl · 46 kt
Runway ExitExiting rollout 2 miles south east of TRPG Osborne Intl (Parish of Saint Peter, Montserrat), Average speed was 29 kn
ScoreDescriptionStartProfileEnd
InfoAverage speed 18 kn0 kn min to max 33 kn3331 kn
InfoAverage pitch angle 8.9 °2.3 ° min to max 13.2 °2.35.6 °
InfoAverage bank angle 1.5 °0.0 ° min to max 4.8 °4.81.3 °
InfoAverage g force 0.99 g0.93 g min to max 1.03 g1.030.99 g
Events
InfoFlaps Position 2 4 ft agl · 38 kt
InfoFlaps Fully Retracted4 ft agl · 39 kt
Takeoff
73.53Rate of climb406 fpm
Landing and touchdown on BUSH XX
Over the threshold
Threshold height70.76
31ft
Threshold speed100.00
56kt
Centreline offset66.79
0.34m R
Touchdown
Past threshold100.00
180m
Centreline0.00
38.58m R
Speed100.00
49kt
Touchdown rate80.28
-544fpmfirst contact -237 fpm, then bounced
Impact70.29
1.77G
BouncesOk
None
The crosswind
14 kt across from the left, which takes about 16° of crab to hold the centreline at 50 kt. Touched down with 13° of it still on, wings level.
Wind 109° at 15 kt · 11 kt head · 14 kt across
How to read this
The wind is the one recorded at the landing, split along the runway (headwind or tailwind) and across it. To hold the centreline in a crosswind the nose points a little into wind - the crab - and is straightened with rudder just before the wheels touch, often with the into-wind wing lowered to stop the drift. These are the nose against the direction you were actually moving, and the wings, at the moment of touchdown. Shown for reading; not marked.
Side view — the last 1,524 m of the approach.
Crossed the threshold at 31 ft, 19 ft below the 50 ft target. Touched down 180 m in, 125 m short of the ideal 305 m.
How to read this
The last stretch of the approach and the touchdown, from the side. The height is stretched so that the last few feet show: 80 ft top to bottom, against 1,524 m across. The dashed line is the ideal, 50 ft over the threshold and down 305 m in. The flare ring is where you began raising the nose, and "descent slowed" is where the sink came off; the figures beside them are the sink rate, pitch and speed at that point.
Sink and pitch — through the flare, lined up with the side view.
The sink went from 170 fpm at 35 ft to 120 fpm at 33 ft, then back up to 240 fpm at touchdown. The pitch barely changed.
How to read this
Lined up with the side view above, so a point on one sits under the same point of the other. On top, how fast you were coming down: 0 is level, and −600 is 600 ft a minute down. Below, the pitch. In a flare the nose comes up and the descent slows towards 0. The figure at the touchdown line is your touchdown rate.
Plan view — the full 1,524 m runway, to the same scale as the side view.
Touched down 39 m right of the centreline.
How to read this
The runway from above, with your left at the top. Touching down inside the green bracket scores full marks for the distance. The shaded part is the rollout, up to where it ended. The arrow beside the runway is the crosswind, pointing the way the air was moving, so it pushed the aircraft that way.
Your trackTouchdownRolloutCentreline
The 180 m touchdown sits inside the full-score zone. The 1.77 G arrival is the firm side of smooth.
Runway used180 m of 1,524 m · 12 %
In the air over the runway, 180 mRollout, 0 mLeft over, 1,344 m
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